BRAF mutant appendiceal adenocarcinoma differs from colorectal cancer but responds to BRAF-targeted therapy.

Appendiceal Adenocarcinoma (AA) is a rare gastrointestinal cancer with no FDA-approved targeted therapies. Here, we retrospectively compare BRAF-mutant AA and colorectal cancer (CRC). BRAF mutation is rare in AA (3%).

The Landscape of ctDNA in Appendiceal Adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: Appendiceal adenocarcinoma is a rare malignancy with distinct histopathologic subtypes and a natural history with metastasis primarily limited to the peritoneum. Little is known about the molecular pathogenesis of appendiceal adenocarcinoma relative to common tumors.

Experimental Design: We analyzed molecular data for patients within the Guardant Health database with appendix cancer (n = 718).

Molecular, Socioeconomic, and Clinical Factors Affecting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Colorectal Cancer Survival.

Importance: Disparity in overall survival (OS) and differences in the frequency of driver gene variants by race and ethnicity have been separately observed in patients with colorectal cancer; however, how these differences contribute to survival disparity is unknown.

Objective: To quantify the association of molecular, socioeconomic, and clinical covariates with racial and ethnic disparities in overall survival among patients with colorectal cancer.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This single-center cohort study was conducted at a tertiary-level cancer center using relevant data on all patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer from January 1, 1973, to March 1, 2023.

Serum Tumor Markers and Outcomes in Patients With Appendiceal Adenocarcinoma.

Importance: Serum tumor markers carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), and cancer antigen 125 (CA125) have been useful in the management of gastrointestinal and gynecological cancers; however, there is limited information regarding their utility in patients with appendiceal adenocarcinoma.

Objective: To assess the association of serum tumor markers (CEA, CA19-9, and CA125) with clinical outcomes and pathologic and molecular features in patients with appendiceal adenocarcinoma.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This is a retrospective cohort study at a single tertiary care comprehensive cancer center.

Sustained Disease Control in Immune Checkpoint Blockade Responders with Microsatellite Instability-high Colorectal Cancer after Treatment Termination.

Unlabelled: Immune checkpoint inhibitors improve survival in patients with mismatch repair deficiency/microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) colorectal cancer. The recurrence outcomes following discontinuation of immunotherapy after prolonged disease control have not been definitively reported in large series. Records from patients with advanced MSI-H colorectal cancer from The University of Texas - MD Anderson Cancer Center who received immunotherapy between 2014 and 2022 and stopped after prolonged clinical benefit were reviewed.

The Clinical Significance of CEA, CA19-9, and CA125 in Management of Appendiceal Adenocarcinoma.

Importance: Serum tumor markers CEA, CA19-9, & CA125 have been useful in the management of gastrointestinal and gynecological cancers, however there is limited information regarding their utility in patients with appendiceal adenocarcinoma.

Objective: Assessing the association of serum tumor markers (CEA, CA19-9, and CA125) with clinical outcomes, pathologic, and molecular features in patients with appendiceal adenocarcinoma.

Design: This is a retrospective study with results reported in 2023.

A phase I trial of the pan-ERBB inhibitor neratinib combined with the MEK inhibitor trametinib in patients with advanced cancer with EGFR mutation/amplification, HER2 mutation/amplification, HER3/4 mutation or KRAS mutation.

Purpose: Aberrant alterations of ERBB receptor tyrosine kinases lead to tumorigenesis. Single agent therapy targeting EGFR or HER2 has shown clinical successes, but drug resistance often develops due to aberrant or compensatory mechanisms. Herein, we sought to determine the feasibility and safety of neratinib and trametinib in patients with EGFR mutation/amplification, HER2 mutation/amplification, HER3/4 mutation and KRAS mutation.

Feasibility and Safety of Personalized, Multi-Target, Adoptive Cell Therapy (IMA101): First-in-Human Clinical Trial in Patients with Advanced Metastatic Cancer.

IMA101 is an actively personalized, multi-targeted adoptive cell therapy (ACT), whereby autologous T cells are directed against multiple novel defined peptide-HLA (pHLA) cancer targets. HLA-A*02:01-positive patients with relapsed/refractory solid tumors expressing ≥1 of 8 predefined targets underwent leukapheresis. Endogenous T cells specific for up to 4 targets were primed and expanded in vitro.

Survival improvement for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer over twenty years.

Over the past two decades of successive clinical trials in metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC), the median overall survival of both control and experimental arms has steadily improved. However, the incremental change in survival for metastatic CRC patients not treated on trial has not yet been quantified. We performed a retrospective review of 1420 patients with de novo metastatic CRC who received their primary treatment at the University of Texas M.

Bintrafusp alfa, an anti-PD-L1:TGF-β trap fusion protein, in patients with ctDNA-positive, liver-limited metastatic colorectal cancer.

Background: Identification of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) following curative intent therapies is a surrogate for microscopic residual disease for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Preclinically, in micrometastatic microsatellite stable (MSS) CRC, increased TGF-β signaling results in exclusion of anti-tumor cytotoxic T cells from the tumor microenvironment. Bintrafusp alfa (BA) is a bifunctional fusion protein composed of the extracellular domain of the TGF-βRII receptor ("TGF-β trap") and anti-PD-L1 antibody.

Association of Prediagnosis Obesity and Postdiagnosis Aspirin With Survival From Stage IV Colorectal Cancer.

Importance: The potential relationship between obesity and colorectal cancer (CRC) outcome is poorly understood in patients with late-stage disease. Increased body mass index may negate aspirin use for cancer prevention, but its role as a factor on the effectiveness of postdiagnosis aspirin use is unclear.

Objective: To evaluate how prediagnosis obesity and postdiagnosis aspirin use may be associated with overall survival in patients with late-stage colorectal cancer.

Phase II study of durvalumab (anti-PD-L1) and trametinib (MEKi) in microsatellite stable (MSS) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).

Background: Monotherapy with immune checkpoint blockade is ineffective for patients (pts) with microsatellite stable (MSS) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). This study investigates whether the combination of trametinib (T) with durvalumab (D) can alter the immune tumor microenvironment (TME) by successfully priming and activating T-cells.

Methods: Open-label, single-center, phase II trial with primary endpoint of immune-related response rate for combination of T+D in refractory MSS mCRC pts (NCT03428126).

Colorectal cancer during pregnancy or postpartum: Case series and literature review.

Background: Colorectal cancer in young adults is on the rise. This rise combined with delayed childbearing increases the likelihood of colorectal cancer diagnosed during pregnancy or in the postpartum period.

Methods: Electronic health records were used to identify individuals with colorectal cancer in pregnancy or the postpartum period from 1 August 2007 to 1 August 2019.

Clinical and pathologic features correlated with rare favorable survival in patients with mutated colorectal cancer.

Background: mutations occur in fewer than 10% of all patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) and arise from sessile serrated adenomas. Despite efficacy with targeted therapies against MAPK signaling and with immunotherapies in this population, survival outcomes for patients with mutated metastatic CRC in general are poor. Characteristics distinguishing patients with mutated metastatic CRC with favorable versus unfavorable outcomes have not been well annotated.

Comprehensive Clinical and Molecular Characterization of -Mutant Colorectal Cancer.

Purpose: p.G12C mutations occur in approximately 3% of metastatic colorectal cancers (mCRC). Recently, two allosteric inhibitors of p.

Fertility discussions in young adult stage III colorectal cancer population: a single-center institution experience.

Purpose: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignancy that usually occurs in older age individuals. However, CRC cases in young adults are on the rise, and this increase is expected to continue. Young adult CRC requires the healthcare team to familiarize themselves with the unique needs of this population, including concerns about treatment-related infertility.

Pilot Clinical Trial of Perioperative Durvalumab and Tremelimumab in the Treatment of Resectable Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases.

Purpose: Despite the prognostic importance of immune infiltrate in colorectal cancer, immunotherapy has demonstrated limited clinical activity in refractory metastatic proficient mismatch-repair (pMMR) colorectal cancer. This study explores combining anti-CTLA-4 and an anti-PD-L1 therapy in the preoperative management of resectable colorectal cancer liver metastases with the intent to improve immune responses in this disease setting.

Patients And Methods: Patients with resectable colorectal cancer liver-only metastases received one dose of tremelimumab and durvalumab preoperatively followed by single-agent durvalumab postoperatively.

Epidemiology and Molecular-Pathologic Characteristics of CpG Island Methylator Phenotype (CIMP) in Colorectal Cancer.

Background: CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) forms a distinct epigenetic phenotype in colorectal cancer (CRC). Though associated with distinct clinicopathologic characteristics, limited evidence exists of the association of CIMP with patient's reported lifestyle factors and tumor molecular characteristics. We assessed the associations of these characteristics in a pooled analysis of CRC patients.

Atypical, Non-V600 BRAF Mutations as a Potential Mechanism of Resistance to EGFR Inhibition in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.

Purpose: Atypical, non-V600 BRAF () mutations represent a rare molecular subtype of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Preclinical data are used to categorize mutations into class II (intermediate to high levels of kinase activity, independent) and III (low kinase activity level, dependent). The clinical impact of these mutations on anti-EGFR treatment efficacy is unknown.

Bevacizumab Does Not Influence the Efficacy of Partial Splenic Embolization in the Management of Chemotherapy-Induced Hypersplenism.

Background: Antiangiogenics attenuate chemotherapy-related hepatotoxicity and portal hypertension. The potential impact of bevacizumab on the efficacy and safety of partial splenic embolization (PSE) in the management of chemotherapy-induced hypersplenism (CIH) has never been investigated.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a retrospective study with gastrointestinal cancer patients who have undergone PSE for the treatment of thrombocytopenia resulting from hypersplenism.

FOLFOXIRI Versus Doublet Regimens in Right-Sided Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Focus on Subsequent Therapies and Impact on Overall Survival.

Introduction: It has been determined that right-sided metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) has a worse prognosis for overall survival (OS). Currently, there is no consensus on the best systemic regimen for treatment-naive right-sided tumors. We compared the impact of subsequent therapies on OS of patients treated with FOLFOXIRI (leucovorin, 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, irinotecan) versus doublet regimens.

Patient-reported Symptom Outcomes and Microsatellite Instability in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.

Background: The survival of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is influenced by the genetic and epigenetic changes that might influence the patient experience of symptom burden. Understanding the association of molecular changes with the symptom burden could help clinicians gain insight into the molecular basis of symptom burden and improve treatment tolerance. To date, no studies have compared the patient-reported symptom burden with these molecular subsets among patients with mCRC.

Signet ring cell colorectal cancer: genomic insights into a rare subpopulation of colorectal adenocarcinoma.

Background: Signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) is a rare subtype of colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of this study was to characterise the genomic alterations and outcomes of SRCC.

Methods: Medical records of metastatic CRC (mCRC) patients whose tumours were evaluated by NGS analysis were reviewed.