A Rare Case of Hemodialysis as an Extracorporeal Treatment for Severe Phenytoin Overdose.

Phenytoin is a well-known anticonvulsant medication that is useful in the management of most seizure disorders. Given the narrow therapeutic index of 10-20 mg/mL, acute phenytoin overdose can occur with either oral or intravenous administration. There is no distinct antidote to phenytoin, and therefore supportive care is the treatment of choice.

Multiple Correspondence Analysis and HLA-Associations of Organ Involvement in a Large Cohort of African-American and European-American Patients with Sarcoidosis.

Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease with predominant pulmonary involvement and vast heterogeneity of clinical manifestations and disease outcomes. African American (AA) patients suffer greater morbidity and mortality. Using Multiple Correspondence Analysis, we identified seven clusters of organ involvement in European American (EA; n = 385) patients which were similar to those previously described in a Pan-European (GenPhenReSa) and a Spanish cohort (SARCOGEAS).

Primary Peritoneal Mesothelioma: Diagnostic Challenges of This Lethal Imposter.

Primary Peritoneal Mesothelioma is a rapidly aggressive and rare neoplasm that arises from the lining of mesothelial cells of the peritoneum and spreads extensively within the confines of the abdominal cavity. The pathogenesis of all forms of mesothelioma is strongly associated with industrial pollutants, of which asbestos is the principal carcinogen. Characteristically, asbestos exposure has a strong relationship with mesothelioma of the pleura, but the peritoneal cavity is the second most commonly affected site.

Oral Potassium Malabsorption Following Bariatric Surgery.

Bariatric surgery is one of the most effective long-term solutions for treating obesity due to its sustained weight loss and reduction of obesity-related comorbidities. However, nutritional deficiencies are common due to the alteration of the anatomy and physiology of the gastrointestinal tract. These include the malabsorption of macronutrients, vitamins, minerals, trace elements, and drugs.

Genetics of neurosarcoidosis.

Sarcoidosis is a systemic, inflammatory, granulomatous disease characterized by great variability in organ involvement, clinical course, and severity. While pulmonary manifestations are almost universal, the central and peripheral nervous systems can also be affected. Neurosarcoidosis occurs in ∼5-15% of cases and is among the manifestations with the highest morbidity and mortality.

Novel HLA associations with outcomes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis exposure and sarcoidosis in individuals of African ancestry using nearest-neighbor feature selection.

Tuberculosis and sarcoidosis are inflammatory diseases characterized by granulomas that may occur in any organ but are often found in the lung. The panoply of classical human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles associated with occurrence and/or severity of both diseases varies considerably across studies. This heterogeneity of results, due to variation in factors like ancestry and disease subphenotype, as well as the use of simple modeling strategies to elucidate likely complex relationships, has made conclusions about underlying commonalities difficult.

Recurrent Acute Pancreatitis and Superior Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis - Cause or Course.

The management of pancreatitis can be daunting, especially when associated with other comorbidities. These complexities in management are conflicting in the presence of comorbidities with a similar presentation, such as abdominal pain. Acute pancreatitis (AP) has been associated with mesenteric thrombosis but less commonly with superior mesenteric vein thrombosis (SMVT) as a causal or complicating dilemma.

Theoretical properties of distance distributions and novel metrics for nearest-neighbor feature selection.

The performance of nearest-neighbor feature selection and prediction methods depends on the metric for computing neighborhoods and the distribution properties of the underlying data. Recent work to improve nearest-neighbor feature selection algorithms has focused on new neighborhood estimation methods and distance metrics. However, little attention has been given to the distributional properties of pairwise distances as a function of the metric or data type.