Telerehabilitation and cost analysis in global neurosurgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 40,537 patients.

Objective: Postoperative rehabilitation is crucial for neurosurgical patients' rehabilitation, but access in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is often limited. Telerehabilitation offers a cost-effective, accessible alternative by providing remote therapy through digital platforms. This study compared telerehabilitation with traditional methods in LMICs, focusing on cost-effectiveness, clinical outcomes, and patient satisfaction.

Quantity versus quality: analysis of research publications in the 2023 neurosurgery match.

Objective: Prematch research productivity is a heavily utilized metric in evaluating neurosurgery residency applicants. With the rise in research output by successfully matched candidates and the so-called publication arms race, there is a growing interest in understanding the quality and impact of the research conducted by medical students who secure neurosurgery residency positions. This study aimed to characterize the research output of medical students who matched into neurosurgery in 2023, identify predictors of research productivity, and explore the implications of research output on match outcomes.

The Perils of Pregnancy: A Case Report of Subglottic Stenosis​.

Subglottic stenosis (SGS) presents a rare, yet challenging condition characterized by airway obstruction below the glottis, with diverse etiologies ranging from congenital to acquired factors like intubation or autoimmune diseases. Diagnosis and management of SGS during pregnancy are particularly complex due to limited literature and diagnostic consensus. This article presents a case of a 26-year-old pregnant woman presenting with escalating dyspnea and stridor attributed to SGS, most likely secondary to idiopathic etiology.

Prevalence of cannabidiol use and correlates in U.S. adults.

Background: Cannabidiol (CBD) use has been increasing for its putative therapeutic potential for various health conditions. Research using a nationally representative sample is needed to examine characteristics of CBD users.

Methods: Data came from the adult sample (N=47,100) of the 2022 U.

CAR-T cell therapy for the treatment of adult high-grade gliomas.

Treatment for malignant primary brain tumors, including glioblastoma, remains a significant challenge despite advances in therapy. CAR-T cell immunotherapy represents a promising alternative to conventional treatments. This review discusses the landscape of clinical trials for CAR-T cell therapy targeting brain tumors, highlighting key advancements like novel target antigens and combinatorial strategies designed to address tumor heterogeneity and immunosuppression, with the goal of improving outcomes for patients with these aggressive cancers.

Clinical progress in the development of CAR T cells to treat malignant glioma.

Context: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is an exciting modality of immunotherapy that has revolutionized the treatment of hematologic malignancies. However, translating this success to malignant gliomas such as glioblastoma (GBM) and diffuse midline glioma (DMG) remains a formidable challenge due to multiple biologic, anatomic, and immunologic factors. Despite these hurdles, a number of clinical trials deployed over the last decade have increased optimism for the potential of CAR T cell therapy in glioma treatment.

Solid stress estimations via intraoperative 3D navigation in patients with brain tumors.

Background: Physical forces exerted by expanding brain tumors - specifically the compressive stresses propagated through solid tissue structures - reduces brain perfusion and neurological function, but heretofore has not been directly measured in patients . Solid stress levels estimated from tumor growth patterns are negatively correlated with neurological performance in patients. We hypothesize that measurements of solid stress can be used to inform clinical management of brain tumors.

Cannabidiol Use Among Older Adults: Associations with Cannabis Use, Physical and Mental Health, and Other Substance Use.

Objectives: To examine older adults' cannabidiol (CBD) use and its associations with cannabis use and physical/mental health and other substance use problems.

Methods: Using the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health ( = 10,516 respondents age 50+), we fitted generalized linear models (GLM) with Poisson and log link using CBD as the dependent variable in the 50-64 and the 65+ age groups.

Results: In the 50-64 age group, 18.

CD70 CAR T cells secreting an anti-CD33/anti-CD3 dual-targeting antibody overcome antigen heterogeneity in AML.

CD70 has emerged as a promising target in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and we have previously demonstrated the potency of an optimized CD70-targeted ligand-based chimeric antigen receptor (CAR). However, here, we identify in vivo CD70 antigen escape as a limitation of single-antigen targeting. Combination targeting of CD70 and CD33 may overcome AML antigen heterogeneity.

Regulatory insights on advanced CAR-T cell products, AAV-based Gene therapies, and medical care/practice in cell and Gene therapies: Report from the 6th Asia partnership conference of regenerative medicine- April 20, 2023.

The 6th Asia Partnership Conference of Regenerative Medicine (APACRM) was held in person with online on April 20, 2023, to promote the regulatory harmonization of regenerative medicine products throughout Asia. Recognizing domestic regulatory guidelines within each country and region and the underlying rationales are important initial steps toward harmonizing regulations. The 6th APACRM featured an open dialog regarding non-clinical evaluation for advanced CAR-T products, regulation of clinical trials for AAV-based gene therapies, and cell and gene therapies provided to patients as medical care/medical practices without market authorization through presentations from the industry and panel discussions with regulatory agencies.

Improved Rapid Equilibrium Dialysis-Mass Spectrometry (RED-MS) Method for Measuring Small Molecule-Protein Complex Binding Affinities in Solution.

Rapid equilibrium dialysis (RED) is predominantly used for the characterization of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties in plasma and biological fluids. We describe herein improvements in the use of RED in conjunction with mass spectrometry (RED-MS) to enable robust binding affinity measurements of small molecules for recombinant proteins and complexes from a single dialysis data set. The affinities calculated from RED-MS correlated well with measurements by both surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and affinity selection mass spectrometry (AS-MS).

Toxicities and outcome after CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for secondary neurolymphomatosis.

Lymphomatous infiltration of the peripheral nervous system (PNS), termed neurolymphomatosis, represents a distinct extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma variant with dismal outcome. CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CD19-CAR) T-cell therapy has emerged as a safe and effective treatment for B-cell lymphomas. We aimed to assess toxicity and efficacy of CD19-CAR T-cells in neurolymphomatosis.

Digital Divide Among Homebound and Semi-Homebound Older Adults.

Using the 2022 National Health and Aging Trend Study data, we examined the digital divide among homebound and semi-homebound older adults. About 11% of older Medicare beneficiaries in 2022 were homebound or semi-homebound. Compared to non-homebound older adults, homebound older adults were significantly less likely to own a cellphone.

Sub-Internship Academy: Implementation and Evaluation of Single-Day Resident-Driven Focused Sub-Internship Preparation Course.

Objective: Strong performance in neurosurgical sub-internships is a vital component of a successful residency application and requires adequate familiarity with clinical knowledge and technical skills that may not be covered in standard medical school curricula. Accordingly, a need exists for immersive and comprehensive sub-internship preparation programs that respect time and resource limitations, are optimized based on longitudinal student feedback, provide opportunities for mentorship, and foster enthusiasm for neurosurgery. Therefore, residents at a single institution designed and implemented a comprehensive curriculum for a 1-day sub-internship academy.

Pre-Clinical Models for CAR T-Cell Therapy for Glioma.

Immunotherapy represents a transformative shift in cancer treatment. Among myriad immune-based approaches, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has shown promising results in treating hematological malignancies. Despite aggressive treatment options, the prognosis for patients with malignant brain tumors remains poor.

Perceived Risk of Binge Drinking among Older Alcohol Users: Associations with Alcohol Use Frequency, Binge Drinking, Alcohol Use Disorder, and Alcohol Treatment Use.

Despite the high prevalence of alcohol use and binge drinking among older adults, little research has been conducted on the association between their alcohol risk perception and alcohol use patterns. Using data on past-year alcohol users aged 50 and older (N = 6693) in the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, we examined the (1) associations between risk perception of binge alcohol use 1-2 times a week and alcohol use frequency, binge use frequency, and alcohol use disorder (AUD), and (2) the association between alcohol treatment use and risk perception. About 40% of past-year alcohol users perceived great risk of binge alcohol use 1-2 times a week, and 27% of past-year users had binge drinking in the past month.

Associations between Cannabis Consumption Methods and Cannabis Risk Perception.

Given diversified cannabis products, we examined associations between cannabis consumption methods and cannabis risk perception of smoking cannabis 1-2 times a week. Using the 2022 U.S.

Cannabis use disorder and substance use treatment among U.S. adults.

Introduction: Recent expansion of cannabis legalization in multiple states calls for reexamination of the prevalence of cannabis use, cannabis use disorder (CUD), and the associations between CUD severity and substance use treatment. We used Andersen's behavioral model of healthcare use as the conceptual/analytic framework for examining treatment use.

Methods: We used data from the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH; N = 47,100, age 18+) to describe the prevalence of past-year cannabis use, CUD and CUD severity, other substance use disorders, and substance use treatment.

Regulatory systems and requirements for clinical trials of AAV-based gene therapies - Perspectives from six Asian countries or regions: Report from the 6th Asia Partnership Conference of Regenerative Medicine - April 20, 2023.

Gene therapies, which include viral-vector gene delivery, genome editing, and genetically modified cell therapy, are innovative treatments with the potential to address the underlying genetic causes of disorders and to provide life-changing value in terms of curing disease. Although adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based gene therapy is one of the most advanced types of gene therapy, far fewer AAV-based gene therapy studies have been conducted in Asia than in North America and Europe. The 6th Asia Partnership Conference of Regenerative Medicine (APACRM) was held on April 20, 2023 in Tokyo, Japan.

Navigated Intraoperative Ultrasound Offers Effective and Efficient Real-Time Analysis of Intracranial Tumor Resection and Brain Shift.

Background And Objectives: Neuronavigation is a fundamental tool in the resection of intracranial tumors. However, it is limited by its calibration to preoperative neuroimaging, which loses accuracy intraoperatively after brain shift. Therefore, surgeons rely on anatomic landmarks or tools like intraoperative MRI to assess the extent of tumor resection (EOR) and update neuronavigation.

Altered cancer metabolism and implications for next-generation CAR T-cell therapies.

This review critically examines the evolving landscape of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy in treating solid tumors, with a particular focus on the metabolic challenges within the tumor microenvironment. CAR T-cell therapy has demonstrated remarkable success in hematologic malignancies, yet its efficacy in solid tumors remains limited. A significant barrier is the hostile milieu of the tumor microenvironment, which impairs CAR T-cell survival and function.