Triethylene glycol HO(CH2CH2O)3H.

TEG is a liquid higher glycol of very low vapor pressure with uses that are primarily industrial. It has a very low order of acute toxicity by i.v.

Medical management of the traumatic consequences of civil unrest incidents: causation, clinical approaches, needs and advanced planning criteria.

In the context of this review, civil unrest is defined as disharmony, expressive dissatisfaction and/or disagreement between members of a community, which leads to a situation of competitive aggression that may find expression as disruption of organisation, conflicts, damage to property and injuries. Such a breakdown of harmonious relationships, which may result in property damage and human injuries that may be threatening to life, varies in magnitude from participation of a very few individuals up to the involvement of large crowds of people, which may evolve into a full-scale riot. It is the latter situation often involving demonstrators, opposing groups and law enforcement personnel that can result in multiple casualties and present a very significant challenge to the resources of local healthcare institutions.

Respiratory peripheral chemosensory irritation, acute and repeated exposure toxicity studies with aerosols of triethylene glycol.

The potential for adverse effects from exposure to respirable aerosols of triethylene glycol (TEG: CAS Number 112-27-6) was investigated by a peripheral chemosensory irritation study, and by acute and repeated exposure toxicity studies. The sensory irritation study, conducted with male Swiss Webster mice, showed an exposure concentration-related depression of breathing rate that allowed the calculation of an RD50 of 5140 mg m(-3). In an acute study male and female Sprague Dawley rats were exposed whole body to aerosols of TEG up to 6730 mg m(-3) for 4 h.

The occupational toxicologist: professionalism, morality and ethical standards in the context of legal and non-litigation issues.

By its very nature, practice and intended applications, the profession of occupational toxicology has individual and collective responsibilities related to the design, conduct, interpretation and extrapolation of laboratory and controlled human clinical studies in order to determine the potential for industrial xenobiotics to produce adverse effects. The implications for health-related adverse effects in the workplace, and in the domestic and general environment carries many and various responsibilities for the toxicologist which are related to multiple and wide-ranging ethical issues. This review presents and discusses some of the major areas where the occupational toxicologist may experience potential ethical problems related to the conduct of routine professional activities.

Developmental toxicity study with triethylene glycol given by gavage to CD rats and CD-1 mice.

Triethylene glycol (TEG) is a liquid industrial chemical with a potential for human exposure. The likelihood for developmental toxicity was investigated in two species. Timed-pregnant CD rats and CD-1 mice were dosed daily by gavage with undiluted TEG over gestational days (gd) 5-15 at 0.

Developmental toxicity study with diethylene glycol dosed by gavage to CD rats and CD-1 mice.

Diethylene glycol (DEG; CAS Number 111-46-6) is a widely used industrial liquid chemical with a potential for human exposure. In view of the established teratogenic effects caused by ethylene glycol in laboratory animals, the developmental toxicity of DEG was investigated in mice and rats, species known to be sensitive to the developmental toxicity of ethylene glycol. Timed-pregnant CD-1 mice and CD rats were dosed daily by gavage with undiluted DEG over gestational days (gd) 6-15.

Developmental toxicity study with 3-(methylthio)propionaldehyde vapor by whole-body exposure of Sprague-Dawley rats.

Time-mated Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed whole body to analytically measured 3-(methylthio) propionaldehyde (3-MTP) vapor concentrations of 0 (air controls), 9.87, 58.3 and 127.

Glaucopsia: an occupational ophthalmic hazard.

Glaucopsia is a transient disturbance of vision that results from the development of corneal epithelial oedema and associated microcysts produced by exposure to the vapour of certain industrial chemicals, notably aliphatic, alicyclic and heterocyclic amines. After a latent period of a few hours of exposure, there is typically a blurring of vision, objects take on a blue-grey appearance and halos develop around bright objects. Corneal changes can be seen on biomicroscopy and corneal thickness increase is measurable by pachymetry.

Percutaneous toxicokinetic and repeated cutaneous contact studies with ethylene glycol monohexyl ether.

Ethylene glycol monohexyl ether (EGHE; CAS no. 112-54-4) is a liquid industrial chemical with a potential for skin contact. The toxicokinetics of EGHE was investigated in Fischer 344 rats and New Zealand White rabbits by intravenous (i.

Chronic toxicity and oncogenicity study with glutaraldehyde dosed in the drinking water of Fischer 344 rats.

Glutaraldehyde (GA) has a wide spectrum of industrial, scientific and biomedical applications. Its potential to produce chronic toxic and/or oncogenic effects was investigated in Fischer 344 rats (100/sex/group) given GA in drinking water for a maximum of 104 weeks. GA concentrations were 0 (control), 50,250 and 1000 ppm, resulting in average daily GA consumptions, respectively, of 0, 4, 17 and 64 mg/kg for males and 0, 6, 25 and 86 mg/kg for females.

Genetic toxicology studies with glutaraldehyde.

Glutaraldehyde (GA; CAS no. 111-30-8) has a wide spectrum of industrial, scientific and biomedical applications, with a potential for human exposure particularly in its biocidal applications. The likelihood for genotoxic effects was investigated in vitro and in vivo.