TL1A and IL-18 synergy promotes GM-CSF-dependent thymic granulopoiesis in mice.

Acute systemic inflammation critically alters the function of the immune system, often promoting myelopoiesis at the expense of lymphopoiesis. In the thymus, systemic inflammation results in acute thymic atrophy and, consequently, impaired T-lymphopoiesis. The mechanism by which systemic inflammation impacts the thymus beyond suppressing T-cell development is still unclear.

RIPK1 protects naive and regulatory T cells from TNFR1-induced apoptosis.

The T cell population size is stringently controlled before, during, and after immune responses, as improper cell death regulation can result in autoimmunity and immunodeficiency. RIPK1 is an important regulator of peripheral T cell survival and homeostasis. However, whether different peripheral T cell subsets show a differential requirement for RIPK1 and which programmed cell death pathway they engage in vivo remains unclear.

Molecular Mechanisms of Nemorosone-Induced Ferroptosis in Cancer Cells.

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent cell death-driven by excessive peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) of membranes. A growing body of evidence suggests the induction of ferroptosis as a cutting-edge strategy in cancer treatment research. Despite the essential role of mitochondria in cellular metabolism, bioenergetics, and cell death, their function in ferroptosis is still poorly understood.

Biochar-Enhanced Resistance to in Strawberry Fruits (But Not Leaves) Is Associated With Changes in the Rhizosphere Microbiome.

Biochar has been reported to play a positive role in disease suppression against airborne pathogens in plants. The mechanisms behind this positive trait are not well-understood. In this study, we hypothesized that the attraction of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) or fungi (PGPF) underlies the mechanism of biochar in plant protection.

Non-coding RNAs in the interaction between rice and Meloidogyne graminicola.

Background: Root knot nematodes (RKN) are plant parasitic nematodes causing major yield losses of widely consumed food crops such as rice (Oryza sativa). Because non-coding RNAs, including small interfering RNAs (siRNA), microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), are key regulators of various plant processes, elucidating their regulation during this interaction may lead to new strategies to improve crop protection. In this study, we aimed to identify and characterize rice siRNAs, miRNAs and lncRNAs responsive to early infection with RKN Meloidogyne graminicola (Mg), based on sequencing of small RNA, degradome and total RNA libraries from rice gall tissues compared with uninfected root tissues.

Genome-wide shifts in histone modifications at early stage of rice infection with Meloidogyne graminicola.

Epigenetic processes play a crucial role in the regulation of plant stress responses, but their role in plant-pathogen interactions remains poorly understood. Although histone-modifying enzymes have been observed to be deregulated in galls induced by root-knot nematodes (RKN, Meloidogyne graminicola) in rice, their influence on plant defence and their genome-wide impact has not been comprehensively investigated. First, the role of histone modifications in plant-nematode interactions was confirmed by pharmacological inhibition of histone-modifying enzymes, which all significantly affected rice susceptibility to RKN.

Molecular insights into the compatible and incompatible interactions between sugar beet and the beet cyst nematode.

Background: Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris) is an economically important crop that provides nearly one third of the global sugar production. The beet cyst nematode (BCN), Heterodera schachtii, causes major yield losses in sugar beet and other crops worldwide.

Ascorbate oxidation activates systemic defence against root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola in rice.

Ascorbic acid (AA) is the major antioxidant buffer produced in the shoot tissue of plants. Previous studies on root-knot nematode (RKN; Meloidogyne graminicola)-infected rice (Oryza sativa) plants showed differential expression of AA-recycling genes, although their functional role was unknown. Our results confirmed increased dehydroascorbate (DHA) levels in nematode-induced root galls, while AA mutants were significantly more susceptible to nematode infection.

Genome-wide DNA hypomethylation shapes nematode pattern-triggered immunity in plants.

A role for DNA hypomethylation has recently been suggested in the interaction between bacteria and plants; it is unclear whether this phenomenon reflects a conserved response. Treatment of plants of monocot rice and dicot tomato with nematode-associated molecular patterns from different nematode species or bacterial pathogen-associated molecular pattern flg22 revealed global DNA hypomethylation. A similar hypomethylation response was observed during early gall induction by Meloidogyne graminicola in rice.

Selection of miRNA reference genes for plant defence studies in rice (Oryza sativa).

MicroRNAs miR390-5p, miR7694-3p miR1868 and miR1849 were found to be suitable miRNA reference genes for rice, under either infection with the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola or treatment with BABA. RT-qPCR is a widely used method to investigate the expression levels of genes under certain conditions. A key step, however, to have reliable results is the normalization of expression.

Lectin Sequence Distribution in QTLs from Rice (Oryza sativa) Suggest A Role in Morphological Traits and Stress Responses.

Rice () is one of the main staple crops worldwide but suffers from important yield losses due to different abiotic and biotic stresses. Analysis of quantitative trait loci (QTL) is a classical genetic method which enables the creation of more resistant cultivars but does not yield information on the genes directly involved or responsible for the desired traits. Lectins are known as proteins with diverse functions in plants.

Genome-Wide Screening for Lectin Motifs in .

For more than three decades, served as a model for plant biology research. At present only a few protein families have been studied in detail in . This study focused on all sequences with lectin motifs in the genome of .