Salivary gland secretory carcinoma: A case presentation in minor salivary gland with review.

Introduction And Importance: Salivary gland secretory carcinoma (SGSC) represents a rare malignant tumor of the salivary glands. Despite being regarded as low-grade tumors, they may manifest with metastases and a high-grade aggressive clinical behaviour. The literature on this subject is limited, and there is currently no standardized approach to treatment.

Secretory carcinoma of the salivary gland is rich in lactoferrin: a possible lactational-like differentiation?

Purpose: It has been hypothesised that secretory carcinoma of the salivary gland (SCsg) might have a lactational-like differentiation. Therefore, we aimed to assess the immunoexpression of breast hormonal receptors and milk-related proteins in cases of SCsg and other salivary gland tumours with prominent secretory activity.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry against prolactin and growth hormone receptors, lactoferrin, human milk fat globule 1, MUC 1 and MUC4 was performed in twelve cases of SCsg and 47 other salivary gland tumours.

Histopathological findings and immunohistochemical expression of the stem cell markers CD44, ALDH1, Bmi-1, and Nanog in oral solitary fibrous tumors.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the histomorphologic presentation and the expression of stem cell-related markers in a series of oral solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs).

Study Design: Histopathological variables and the expression of the standard stem cell markers CD34 and CD99, used for SFT diagnosis, as well as STAT6 were evaluated in 13 oral SFTs. The expression of the cancer stem cell markers CD44, ALDH1, Bmi-1, and Nanog and the tumor suppressor gene p16 were also investigated.

Expression of upstream and downstream targets of mTOR pathway in seven cases of secretory carcinoma of salivary gland origin.

Purpose: To investigate the expression of upstream and downstream targets of mTOR signalling pathway in the secretory carcinoma of salivary gland origin (SCsg).

Methods: Seven cases of secretory carcinoma diagnosed by a combination of immunohistochemistry and/or molecular testing were retrieved from our pathology files. For comparison purposes, 27 other salivary carcinomas were selected.

Prognostic implications of CD44, NANOG, OCT4, and BMI1 expression in tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) contains a cell subpopulation referred to as cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are responsible for tumor growth, metastasis, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The CSC markers have been used to isolate these cells and as biomarkers to predict overall survival.

Methods: The CSC markers CD44, NANOG, OCT4, and BMI1 were investigated using reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry and correlated with clinicopathological parameters.

Cripto-1 is overexpressed in carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma of salivary gland.

Introduction: Cripto-1 is a member of the epidermal growth factor-Cripto-1/FRL-1/Cryptic family. Besides being critical for early embryonic development, Cripto-1 is also associated with the development and behavior of several cancers.

Objective: We analyzed the immunoexpression of Cripto-1 in normal salivary glands (NSGs), pleomorphic adenomas (PAs), and carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenomas (CaExPAs) of salivary glands.

Increased SOX2 expression in salivary gland carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma progression: an association with adverse outcome.

SOX2 is a regulatory factor of embryonic stem cells that has been implicated in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. We aimed to investigate the potential role of SOX2 in the stepwise progression from pleomorphic adenoma (PA) to invasive carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA), evaluating its prognostic significance as well. Thirty PAs without malignant transformation and 25 CXPAs presenting both luminal or myoepithelial differentiation (7 intracapsular and 18 extracapsular) were evaluated immunohistochemically for SOX2 expression.

Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) is overexpressed in malignant transformation of salivary gland pleomorphic adenoma.

DNA repair systems play a critical role in protecting the human genome against cumulative damage. The apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 is a protein involved in DNA base excision repair and its expression still needs to be investigated in salivary gland tumors. The objective of this study is to analyze the immunoexpression of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 in pleomorphic adenomas and carcinomas ex pleomorphic adenomas of the salivary glands.

In Situ Melanoma of the Gingiva Associated with Dense Inflammation and Pigment Deposition: A Potential Diagnostic Pitfall in Evaluating Stromal Invasion.

Melanoma is a highly aggressive neoplasm in which the neoplastic cells display melanocytic differentiation. Less than 1 % of all melanomas arise in the mucosal surfaces of the oral cavity, with purely in situ lesions being exceedingly rare tumors, but with a favorable prognosis compared with invasive lesions. We describe the clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical findings in an uncommon case of in situ mucosal melanoma of the oral cavity with intense tumor-associated pigment deposition and inflammation complicating the morphological assessment of infiltrative areas.

Facebook Discussion Groups Provide a Robust Worldwide Platform for Free Pathology Education.

Context: - Facebook (Menlo Park, California) is one of many online sites that provide potential educational tools for pathologists. We have each founded Facebook groups dedicated to anatomic pathology, in which members can share cases, ask questions, and contribute to discussions.

Objectives: - To report our experiences in founding and maintaining these Facebook groups and to characterize the contributed content.

Fatal hepatocellular carcinoma presenting with oral metastasis in a patient with synchronic primary malignancies of prostate and liver.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent type of liver cancer and its occurrence in the oral cavity as a metastatic neoplasm is a rare event. We describe a fatal case of HCC with oral metastasis in a patient firstly diagnosed with prostatic and hepatic carcinomas. The histopathological examination revealed a hepatocyte-like tumour cells arranged in organoid structures as well as positivity to cytokeratin 8 and Hep Par 1.

Embryonic stem cells markers Oct4 and Nanog correlate with perineural invasion in human salivary gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma.

Background: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is the most common salivary gland malignancy and is successfully treated by surgery and radiation. However, some patients have recurrent tumours and in these cases, few treatments options are available. Cancer stem cells (CSC) have been observed and isolated from different solid tumours based on the expression of stem cell markers.

The Stem Cell Marker Bmi-1 Is Sensitive in Identifying Early Lesions of Carcinoma ex Pleomorphic Adenoma.

In the present study, we evaluated and described the sensitivity of the stem cell marker B cell-specific moloney murine leukemia virus integration site 1 (Bmi-1) in identifying early lesions of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA). While invasive CXPAs are tumors with a prominent and easily recognizable malignant component, the identification of early carcinomatous changes in PA remains a diagnostic challenge due to the lack of objective morphological criteria. The immunohistochemical expression of Bmi-1 was assessed in both adenomatous and carcinomatous components of 9 CXPA cases at an early phase of histological progression (6 intracapsular and 3 minimally invasive) grouped according to the cellular differentiation as luminal (7 cases) or myoepithelial (2 cases).

Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma of minor salivary glands with major epithelial-myoepithelial component: clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 3 cases.

In the present study, 3 cases of very rare intraoral carcinomas ex pleomorphic adenomas showing a striking differentiation of the malignant component towards epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma were described. The tumors occurred in 2 men and 1 woman with median age of 56 years. Involved sites included palate and buccal mucosa.

Peripheral ameloblastoma with dystrophic calcification: an unusual feature in non-calcifying odontogenic tumors.

Peripheral ameloblastoma is a rare extraosseous counterpart of central ameloblastoma that occurs in soft tissues and may cause bone crest resorption. This study reports a peripheral ameloblastoma on the buccal gingiva of a 56-year-old man, which presented extensive squamous metaplasia areas, keratinization and dystrophic calcifications in the neoplastic islands. It is emphasized the need of a detailed imaging study and a long follow-up period to exclude bone involvement whenever peripheral ameloblastoma diagnosis is considered.

Neuroblastoma-like schwannoma of the lower labial mucosa: a rare morphologic variant of peripheral nerve sheath tumor.

Neuroblastoma-like schwannoma is a rare variant of benign nerve sheath neoplasia, which is histologically characterized by small round neoplastic Schwann cells radially arranged around collagenous cores with a configuration of rosette-like structures. We report the first documented case of neuroblastoma-like schwannoma of the oral cavity in a 26-year-old male patient who presented with swelling in the lower labial mucosa.