Socioeconomic inequalities in health problems in the first two years of life: Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohort, 2015.

Brazil is characterized by an unfinished agenda of health inequalities, which impact health problems in the childhood. This study aimed to evaluate the socioeconomic inequalities of health problems in the early childhood. This is a prospective study, using data from the birth cohort carried out in the city of Pelotas (Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil) in 2015.

Does machine learning have a high performance to predict obesity among adults and older adults? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim: Machine learning may be a tool with the potential for obesity prediction. This study aims to review the literature on the performance of machine learning models in predicting obesity and to quantify the pooled results through a meta-analysis.

Data Synthesis: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted, including studies that used machine learning to predict obesity.

Regular source of primary care and health services utilisation among Brazilian elderly with mental-physical multimorbidity.

Background: In ageing populations, multimorbidity is a complex challenge to health systems, especially when the individuals have both mental and physical morbidities. Although a regular source of primary care (RSPC) is associated with better health outcomes, its relation with health service utilisation in elderly patients with mental-physical multimorbidity (MP-MM) is scarce.

Objective: This study explored the relations among health service utilisation, presence of RSPC and MP-MM among elderly Brazilians.

Multimorbidity and use of health services in a population diagnosed with COVID-19 in a municipality in the Southern Region of Brazil, 2020-2021: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: To assess association between multimorbidity and use of health services in a population diagnosed with COVID-19, in southern Brazil.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with data from a longitudinal study carried out in the city of Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in 2021 with all adult individuals diagnosed with COVID-19; descriptive analyses were performed and presented as proportions with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI); Poisson regression was performed and reported as prevalence ratios (PR) in order to assess association between multimorbidity (3 or more diseases) and healthcare service use.

Results: In total, 2,919 participants were included, of which 40.

[Contextual characteristics and demand for health services among Brazilian adolescents: Brazilian National Health Survey, 2019].

This study aimed to describe the prevalence of demand for health services among Brazilian adolescents and to investigate its association with contextual characteristics of the territory. Study with data from the Brazilian National Health Survey, conducted in 2019, including 43,774 individuals aged from 10 to 19 years. Adolescent's information was obtained through a proxy resident of 18 years or more who answered for all the residents of the household.

Multimorbidity and complex multimorbidity in Brazilians with severe obesity.

To investigate the prevalence of multimorbidity and complex multimorbidity and their association with sociodemographic and health variables in individuals with severe obesity. This is a baseline data analysis of 150 individuals with severe obesity (body mass index ≥ 35.0 kg/m) aged 18-65 years.

Associations of hospitalisation - admission, readmission and length to stay - with multimorbidity patterns by age and sex in adults and older adults: the ELSI-Brazil study.

Background: Although the association between multimorbidity (MM) and hospitalisation is known, the different effects of MM patterns by age and sex in this outcome needs to be elucidated. Our study aimed to analyse the association of hospitalisations' variables (occurrence, readmission, length of stay) and patterns of multimorbidity (MM) according to sex and age.

Methods: Data from 8.

Association of Sleep Duration and Use of Sleeping Medication with Multimorbidity in Adults: Results from the PAMPA (Brazil) Cohort Study.

 To analyze the association of sleep duration and use of sleeping medication with multimorbidity.  We conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the Prospective Study about Mental and Physical Health (PAMPA) cohort. Multimorbidity was defined as the presence of two or more conditions from a list of twelve health problems.

Overweight, obesity and risk of multimorbidity: A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.

This study aimed to review and quantify the association between overweight and obesity in the risk of multimorbidity among the general population. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis in the databases of Pubmed, Lilacs, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase. We included cohort studies that assessed the association between overweight and/or obesity with the risk of multimorbidity.

Emergency department use and Artificial Intelligence in Pelotas: design and baseline results.

Objetivo: To describe the initial baseline results of a population-based study, as well as a protocol in order to evaluate the performance of different machine learning algorithms with the objective of predicting the demand for urgent and emergency services in a representative sample of adults from the urban area of Pelotas, Southern Brazil.

Methods: The study is entitled "Emergency department use and Artificial Intelligence in PELOTAS (RS) (EAI PELOTAS)" (https://wp.ufpel.

Intake of ultra-processed foods and sleep-related outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The aim of this review article was to evaluate the association between the intake of ultra-processed foods and sleep-related outcomes through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Pubmed, LILACS, Scielo, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science were searched on December 31, 2021, for studies that evaluated the association between ultra-processed foods and sleep-related outcomes (self-reported sleep duration and quality). Pooled odds ratios were assessed through a random-effects model; heterogeneity was evaluated using the I statistic.

Education and income-related inequalities in multimorbidity among older Brazilian adults.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the existence of socioeconomic inequalities related to the prevalence of multimorbidity in the Brazilian population aged 60 and older.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with data from the last Brazilian National Health Survey (PNS) collected in 2019. Multimorbidity was the dependent variable and was defined as the presence of two or more chronic diseases.

Association between multimorbidity and hospitalization in older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Multimorbidity is defined as the presence of multiple chronic conditions in the same individual. Multimorbidity is more prevalent in older adults and can lead to several adverse health outcomes.

Methods: We systematically reviewed evidence from observational studies to verify the association between multimorbidity and hospitalization in older adults.

Identifying multimorbidity clusters among Brazilian older adults using network analysis: Findings and perspectives.

In aging populations, multimorbidity (MM) is a significant challenge for health systems, however there are scarce evidence available in Low- and Middle-Income Countries, particularly in Brazil. A national cross-sectional study was conducted with 11,177 Brazilian older adults to evaluate the occurrence of MM and related clusters in Brazilians aged ≥ 60 years old. MM was assessed by a list of 16 physical and mental morbidities and it was defined considering ≥ 2 morbidities.

Multimorbidity patterns and hospitalisation occurrence in adults and older adults aged 50 years or over.

Multimorbidity is highly prevalent in older adults and can lead to hospitalisation. We investigate the prevalence, associated factors, and multimorbidity pattern associated to hospitalisation, readmission, and length of stay in the population aged 50 years and older. We analysed baseline data (2015-2016) from the ELSI-Brazil cohort, a representative sample of non-institutionalised Brazilians aged ≥ 50 years.

Effect of urinary incontinence on negative self-perception of health and depression in elderly adults: a population-based cohort.

The scope of this study was to measure the prevalence of negative self-perceived health and depressive symptoms in elderly adults according to the presence of urinary incontinence, after a follow-up of nine years. This is a prospective population-based cohort study entitled Bagé Cohort Study of Aging, from Rio Grande do Sul. A total of 1,593 elderly adults were interviewed in the baseline study (2008) and 735 between September 2016 and August 2017.

Physical Activity and Multimorbidity Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis.

Objective: This study evaluated the relationship between physical activity (PA) and multimorbidity in community-dwelling older adults.

Data Source: A systematic review and meta-analysis in the following databases: Pubmed, Lilacs, Scielo, Web of Science, Scopus, and AgeLine.

Study Inclusion And Exclusion Criteria: It included observational studies investigating the association between physical activity and multimorbidity, with older adults, published until May 2021.

Incidence of multimorbidity and associated factors during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil: a cohort study.

Background: Due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, access to healthcare services may have become difficult, which may have led to an increase in chronic diseases and multimorbidity.

Objectives: To assess the incidence of multimorbidity and its associated factors among adults living in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Design And Setting: Cohort study conducted in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Inequalities in Physical Activity During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Report on 4 Consecutive Population-Based Surveys in Southern Brazil.

Background: This study aims to investigate inequalities in leisure-time physical activity (PA) practice amid the COVID-19 pandemic in a southern Brazilian city.

Methods: Four repeated population-based surveys were carried out. PA was collected using a questionnaire proposed by the authors and an adapted version of the leisure-time section of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire.

Multimorbidity and simultaneity of health risk factors, from adolescence to early adulthood: 1993 Pelotas Birth Cohort.

The co-occurrence of two or more diseases is called multimorbidity, and the occurrence of two or more risk factors is called simultaneity of risk factors. Multimorbidity and simultaneity of risk factors are not widely understood in adolescence and early adulthood. This paper aims to describe how multimorbidity and simultaneity of risk factors are distributed throughout adolescence and early adulthood, considering demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, among the 1993 Pelotas Birth Cohort members.

Occurrence and inequalities by education in multimorbidity in Brazilian adults between 2013 and 2019: evidence from the National Health Survey.

Objective: The aims of this study were: 1) to estimate the prevalence of multimorbidity in 2013 and 2019 in adults aged 20-59 years; 2) to assess inequalities in the prevalence of multimorbidity in 2013 and 2019 according to educational level.

Methods: Data from two cross-sectional surveys from the Brazilian National Health Survey in 2013 and 2019 were used. Multimorbidity was assessed from 14 lifetime self-reported morbidities (except back problems) and defined using the cutoff point of ≥2 diseases.

Ultra-processed food and risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.

Background: The consumption of some food groups is associated with the risk of diabetes. However, there is no evidence from meta-analysis which evaluates the consumption of ultra-processed products in the risk of diabetes. This study aimed to review the literature assessing longitudinally the association between consumption of ultra-processed food and the risk of type 2 diabetes and to quantify this risk through a meta-analysis.

Prevalence of behavioral health risk factors and their simultaneous occurrence among students at a public university in Pelotas, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, 2017.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of behavioral health risk factors and investigate clusters of simultaneous occurrences of these factors among students at a public university in Pelotas, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study among university students in the second semester of 2017. Physical inactivity, excessive sedentary behavior, inadequate sleep duration and smoking were the factors studied.