Evaluating the antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activity of three synthetic antimicrobial Citropin analogs and their ability to fight against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius.

Aims: We developed three new analogs of the antimicrobial peptide (AMP) Citropin 1.1: DAN-1-13, AJP-1-1, and HHX-2-28, and tested their potential antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities against Staphylococcus aureus and S. pseudintermedius.

Biofilm formation by on titanium implants.

Osteomyelitis often involves spp. as the isolated genus in domestic animal cases. Implant-related infections, frequently associated with biofilm-forming microorganisms like staphylococci species, necessitate careful material selection.

Infection Modulates Antimicrobial Peptides and Stress Management Gene Expression in the Invertebrate Biomodel .

is the most pathogenic species, responsible for the Brazilian cat-transmitted sporotrichosis hyperendemic. In this scenario, an investigation of the pathogen-host interaction can provide relevant information for future treatment strategies. To this end, the invertebrate has proven to be a suitable alternative for evaluating the virulence of pathogenic fungi, since the insect immune system is similar to the mammalian innate immune response.

Investigation of antimicrobial susceptibility and genetic diversity among Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolated from dogs in Rio de Janeiro.

Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is an opportunistic pathogen causing a variety of infections that are difficult to treat, especially because of the development of antimicrobial resistance. It has a clonal distribution around the world. To have a better understanding of the MRSP population, we search the presence of MRSP in colonized or infected dogs.

Epidemiologic case investigation on the zoonotic transmission of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius among dogs and their owners.

Dogs often carry methicillin-resistant Staphylococci asymptomatically. These bacteria are frequently linked to conditions such as canine pyoderma and otitis. Close interaction between dogs and humans can facilitate the exchange of resistant strains, particularly Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP).

High prevalence of Panton-Valentine Leucocidin among Staphylococcus coagulans isolated from dogs in Rio de Janeiro.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to characterize the capacity for biofilm formation, antimicrobial resistance rates, and search for genetic determinants of resistance and virulence in the species.

Methods And Results: Strains were collected from asymptomatic and infected dogs. Identification was conducted using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF), antimicrobial susceptibility using disk diffusion and PCR targeting mecA.

Evaluation of changes in antimicrobial susceptibility in bacteria infecting children and their mothers in pediatric, neonatal-intensive care unit, and gynecology/obstetrics wards of a quaternary referral hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The World Health Organization released a statement warning of increased risk for the incidence of multidrug resistant microorganisms and the absence of new drugs to control such infections soon. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, the prescription of antimicrobial agents has increased and may have accelerated the emergence of multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria. This study aimed to evaluate maternal and pediatric infections within a hospital from January 2019 to December 2021.

Detection of the international lineage ST71 of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in two cities in Rio de Janeiro State.

Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is the main coagulase-positive staphylococci associated with canine skin/soft tissue infections (SSTI), otitis externa, and surgical site infections. The international spread of an epidemic and multiresistant lineage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP), the so-called European clone-displaying sequence type (ST) 71-requires attention. The first isolation of an MRSP ST71 isolate in South America was reported in Rio de Janeiro city, in 2010; however, a limited number of canine isolates were analyzed.

Characterizing biofilm formation of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in different suture materials.

Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is the primary cause of pyoderma and surgical site infection (SSI) in dogs, and biofilm formation is the main reason for persistent SSI. The presence of biofilm in medical devices can directly impact treatment. Methicillin-resistant S.

In vitro comparison between antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects of Green Propolis and Baccharis dracunculifolia against Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolate.

Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is the leading cause of canine pyoderma. Honeybee products are common to treat this and other types of infections. High average annual population loss of bees has been observed.

Interspecies transfer of plasmid-borne gentamicin resistance between Staphylococcus isolated from domestic dogs to Staphylococcus aureus.

As preconized by the One Health concept, the intimate relationship between pets and owners is a common source for the trade of microorganisms with zoonotic potential, and with them, antimicrobial resistance genes. In this work, we evaluated the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes, that are usually within mobile genetic elements, in a laboratory collection of 79 canine Staphylococcus strains, mostly Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Staphylococcus coagulans. Resistance to tetracycline was observed in 34% of the strains, followed by resistance to erythromycin (21%) and gentamicin (19%).

Comparative genomics of MRSA strains from human and canine origins reveals similar virulence gene repertoire.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an important pathogen associated with a wide variety of infections in humans. The ability of MRSA to infect companion animals has gained increasing attention in the scientific literature. In this study, 334 dogs were screened for MRSA in two cities located in Rio de Janeiro State.

Virulence Factors Found in Nasal Colonization and Infection of Methicillin-Resistant (MRSA) Isolates and Their Ability to Form a Biofilm.

Hospitalizations related to Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) are frequent, increasing mortality and health costs. In this way, this study aimed to compare the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of MRSA isolates that colonize and infect patients seen at two hospitals in the city of Niterói-Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A total of 147 samples collected between March 2013 and December 2015 were phenotyped and genotyped to identify the protein A (SPA) gene, the staphylococcal chromosomal cassette (SCC), A, Panton-Valentine Leucocidin (PVL), C, R, ACME, and virulence genes.

First report of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus harboring mecC gene in milk samples from cows with mastitis in southeastern Brazil.

MRSA infection and colonization have been reported in both companion and food-chain animals, highlighting MRSA as an important veterinary and zoonotic pathogen. Another mec allele, the mecC gene, also confers beta-lactam resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and shows 69% nucleotide identity to mecA. The main aim of this study was to investigate the genotypic and clonal profile of methicillin-resistant S.

Antimicrobial Resistance in Farm Animals in Brazil: An Update Overview.

In animal husbandry, antimicrobial agents have been administered as supplements to increase production over the last 60 years. Large-scale animal production has increased the importance of antibiotic management because it may favor the evolution of antimicrobial resistance and select resistant strains. Brazil is a significant producer and exporter of animal-derived food.

Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry-based method for accurate discrimination of Staphylococcus schleiferi subspecies.

S. schleiferi is one of the main species isolated from canine otitis externa, pyoderma and from apparently healthy dogs. The species is divided into two subspecies, S.

Antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus sp. isolated from the vaginal environment of squirrel monkeys (Saimiri spp.) bred ex situ.

Background: Squirrel monkeys (Saimiri spp.) have been widely used as animal models; however, the occurrence of Staphylococcus sp in their vaginal microbiota remains to be described.

Methods: Samples were collected from 175 adult squirrel monkeys to isolate Staphylococcus sp and to test for susceptibility to a panel of nine antimicrobial agents.

Diagnostic accuracy of an in-house ELISA using the intermediate species Leptospira fainei as antigen for diagnosis of acute leptospirosis in dogs.

Diagnosis of animal leptospirosis is still challenging. The microscopic agglutination test, is the current method for diagnosing leptospirosis. However, this technique requires specific equipment, highly trained staff and the maintenance of live cultures of several reference strains of Leptospira for use as antigens.

A systematic review on the microscopic agglutination test seroepidemiology of bovine leptospirosis in Latin America.

The diagnosis of leptospirosis commonly relies on serology, which has three issues that are referred: the sampling, the antigen panel, and the cutoff point. We propose a systematic review of the bovine leptospirosis in Latin America, in order to provide a better understanding of the evolution of the research and of the seroepidemiology of bovine leptospirosis in that region. Internet databases were consulted over the year of 2014.

Usage of Leptospira spp. local strains as antigens increases the sensitivity of the serodiagnosis of bovine leptospirosis.

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease that occurs worldwide, particularly in tropical countries. In livestock the agent is responsible for reproductive problems such as infertility and abortion. Serogroup Sejroe, particularly serovar Hardjo, prevails in cattle in several regions.

Comparison of cefoxitin disk diffusion test and mecA gene PCR results for methicillin resistance detection in Staphylococcus intermedius group isolates from canine origin in Brazil.

The study evaluated cefoxitin disk diffusion tests breakpoints and their correlation to mecA gene PCR results for detecting Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus intermedius Group (MRSP) isolates from dogs in Brazil. Agreement using proposed breakpoint (resistant ≤ 30 mm) was encouraging. The current study reinforces that an epidemiological breakpoint can be established to predict presence of MRSP.

Progestin-impregnated intravaginal sponges for estrus induction and synchronization influences on goats vaginal flora and antimicrobial susceptibility.

The objective was to characterize vaginal bacteria, their antimicrobial sensitivity, and the incidence of vaginitis, in goats before and after insertion of intravaginal sponges containing progesterone. Sponges were inserted in 37 Saanen goats and removed after 6, 9 or 12d (G6, G9 and G12). At sponge removal, all goats had clinical signs of vaginitis.