Complex shape markers can detect alterations in the spatial distribution of cell nuclei in human lung squamous cell carcinoma: a useful tool for automatic analysis?

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death. The use of computational methods to quantify changes that are not perceptible to the human eye is increasing in digital pathology imaging and has quickly improved detection rates at a low cost. Therefore, the present study aims to use complex computational shape markers as tools for automated analysis of the spatial distribution of cells in microscopy images of squamous cell lung carcinoma (SqCC).

Protective effect of exogenous melatonin on testicular histopathology and histomorphometry of adult rats with domperidone-induced hyperprolactinemia.

Hyperprolactinemia is a pathological condition resulting from increased prolactin that directly affects reproduction, as this condition inhibits the release of LH, FSH and gonadal steroidogenesis, bringing several negative clinical associations in reproduction. In contrast, melatonin (MEL) plays an important role in the regulation of steroidogenesis and modulates damages to the process of spermatogenesis. The objective was to analyze the protective effects of exogenous melatonin on the testis of hyperprolactinemic adult rats.

Olanzapine treatment of lactating females causes testicular atrophy in prepuberal rat offspring.

The antipsychotic drug, olanzapine, is prescribed for postpartum psychosis. Possible adverse effects on fertility of offspring are unclear. We investigated the effects of administering olanzapine via lactation on testicular development and endocrine function of prepuberal male rats.

Fractal methods applied to the seminiferous lumen images can quantify testicular changes induced by heat stress.

Male infertility affects many couples around the world and can be related to environmental factors such as exposure to high temperatures. Even so, automated methods evaluating the seminiferous tubules to detect testicular damage are still scarce. In search of new approaches to automation in the microscopic analysis of the testis; the present study used the fractal dimension, lacunarity, multifractality and quantitative morphometry to quantify changes in microphotographs of the seminiferous lumen in testicles reversibly damaged by heat stress (43 °C, 12 min).

Treatment of mycobacteriosis in a patient with compatible symptoms after a cesarean delivery.

This study aims to report the diagnostic course and treatment of a fast-growing mycobacteria infection after cesarean delivery. We report the case of a 37-year-old woman admitted to the Infectious Diseases' Clinic of the Hospital das Clinicas da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Pernambuco State, Brazil, four months after a cesarean section, presenting with healing difficulties and located pain outside the surgical site. The first diagnosis was a probable rejection of the sutures that were not absorbed, but based on the clinical signs, reported history, complementary laboratory tests and no response to treatment with the conventional antibiotic therapy (cephalosporins/quinolones) prescribed, the ultimate diagnosis was a mycobacteriosis caused by Micobacterium fortuitum.

Effects of intratesticular injection of zinc-based solution in rats in combination with anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs during chemical sterilization.

Aim: Chemical sterilization is a non-surgical method of contraception based on compounds injected into the testis to induce infertility. However, these injections can cause discomfort and pain able to impair the recovery of animals after this treatment. The objective of this study was to investigate if anti-inflammatories or pain relievers inhibited the sterilizing effect of zinc gluconate-based solution on the testis.

Can fractal methods applied to video tracking detect the effects of deltamethrin pesticide or mercury on the locomotion behavior of shrimps?

Shrimps can accumulate environmental toxicants and suffer behavioral changes. However, methods to quantitatively detect changes in the behavior of these shrimps are still needed. The present study aims to verify whether mathematical and fractal methods applied to video tracking can adequately describe changes in the locomotion behavior of shrimps exposed to low concentrations of toxic chemicals, such as 0.

Fluoxetine induces changes in the testicle and testosterone in adult male rats exposed via placenta and lactation.

Fluoxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor used to treat depression in pregnant and nursing women. However, recent studies have shown adverse effects in the male reproductive system after fluoxetine treatment. Aiming to analyze the extent of damage caused by fluoxetine in the testicle and safe doses for treatment during the perinatal period, the present study analyzed the effects of in utero exposure and exposure during lactation to fluoxetine in spermatogenesis of male rat offspring in adulthood.

Extremely low-frequency magnetic fields can impair spermatogenesis recovery after reversible testicular damage induced by heat.

Male infertility is often related to reproductive age couples experiencing fertility-related issues. Men may have fertility problems associated with reversible testicular damage. Considering that men have been increasingly exposed to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields generated by the production, distribution and use of electricity, this study analyzed whether 60 Hz and 1 mT magnetic field exposure may impair spermatogenesis recovery after reversible testicular damage induced by heat shock using rats as an experimental model.

Perinatal exposure to fluoxetine via placenta and lactation inhibits the testicular development in male rat offspring.

Due to the widespread use of fluoxetine to treat depression, including pregnant and nursing women, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of in utero and lactational exposure to fluoxetine in rat offspring at post natal day 22. Wistar rat dams were orally treated with fluoxetine (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) from day 13 gestation to day 21 lactation. Exposure to 10 and 20 mg/kg fluoxetine reduced the body and testis weights.

Endocrine and testicular changes induced by olanzapine in adult Wistar rats.

Olanzapine is an atypical antipsychotic drug that has been increasingly used in acute treatment of, and therapeutic support for, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and other psychoses. Considering that olanzapine acts on the dopaminergic receptor and this receptor is detected in germ cells, the present study aims to investigate the effects of treatment with different doses of olanzapine on spermatogenesis, plasma testosterone and weight of androgen-dependent organs in rats. Results showed reduced plasma testosterone levels, and reduced testis, epididymis and prostate weights.

Evaluation of testicular degeneration induced by low-frequency electromagnetic fields.

The population exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) has been growing in recent decades. The generation, distribution and use of electric energy can generate low-frequency electromagnetic fields. The present study investigates the effects of EMF (60 Hz and 1 mT) on spermatogenesis of rats during different periods of maturation.

Testicular development evaluation in rats exposed to 60 Hz and 1 mT electromagnetic field.

Society has been increasingly exposed to low-frequency electromagnetic fields (EMF), mainly from electricity distribution networks and electro-electronic devices. Aiming to clarify the extension of possible interactions between EMF and testicular development, this study evaluated the effects of exposure to 60 Hz and 1 mT EMF in the maturation of testicular components. Wistar rats were exposed to EMF three times per day for 30 min, between the 13th day of gestation and the 21st postnatal day.