Gamma ray irradiation on Swiss cheese estates (): growth, development, and variation.

Purpose: Swiss Cheese () is an ornamental plant valued for its exotic leaves with openings and for the variety of colors. The technique of controlled exposure to gamma radiation was investigated to induce variegation (color change) in the leaves of this plant.

Materials And Methods: cuttings were irradiated with different doses of radiation with Co gamma rays (0, 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20 Gy) and evaluated for size, color, health, and growth.

What is the most effective analytical method for quantification and identification of microplastics in contaminated soils?

The increasing concern over microplastics (MPs) contamination in agricultural soils due to excessive plastic use is a worldwide concern. The objective of this study was to determine which analytical technique is most effective for the analysis of MPs in agricultural soils. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), multispectral analysis, and X-ray diffraction were used to analyze sections of clay soil containing varying percentages of virgin white MPs from 0 to 100%.