Diagnostic value of three-dimensional contrast-enhanced echocardiography for left ventricular volume and ejection fraction measurement in patients with poor acoustic windows: a comparison of echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: Three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) is a reliable and reproducible tool for assessing left ventricular (LV) function but remains sensitive to patient echogenicity. Contrast-enhanced 3DE (C3DE) has the potential to improve quantification in challenging patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of temporal resolution, spatial resolution, and image dynamic range on LV function assessed using C3DE compared with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with poor echogenicity.