Population pharmacokinetic modeling of the influence of chronic and acute biofilm-forming Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection on ciprofloxacin free pulmonary and epithelial lining fluid concentrations.

We previously reported that ciprofloxacin (CIP) free lung interstitial concentrations are decreased by biofilm-forming Pseudomonas aeruginosa pulmonary chronic (14 d) infection. To get a better understanding on the influence of infection on CIP lung distribution, in the present study free lung interstitial fluid and epithelial lining fluid (ELF) concentrations were determined by microdialysis in biofilm-forming P. aeruginosa acutely (2 d) and chronically infected (14 d) Wistar rats following CIP 20 mg/kg i.

A patent review of antibiofilm fungal drugs (2002-present).

Fungal biofilms, such as biofilms, are capable of surviving in hostile environments owing to their remarkable ability to adhere to surfaces and their tolerance to chemical interventions. Currently, therapeutic treatment options are few, making these biofilm-based infections problematic particularly due to their great tolerance to conventional antimicrobial drugs, thus causing serious health and economic problems. Therefore, the development of new drugs and antibiofilm specific therapies for the prevention and treatment of antifungal to eradicate biofilms are needed.

Semimechanistic Pharmacodynamic Modeling of Aztreonam-Avibactam Combination to Understand Its Antimicrobial Activity Against Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria.

Aztreonam-avibactam (ATM-AVI) is a promising combination to treat serious infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. Three distinct mechanisms of action have been previously characterized for AVI: inhibition of ATM degradation by β-lactamases, proper bactericidal effect, and enhancement of ATM bactericidal activity. The aim of this study was to quantify the individual contribution of each of the three AVI effects.

In vitro evaluation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa chronic lung infection models: Are agar and calcium-alginate beads interchangeable?

Animal models of chronic lung infection with P. aeruginosa (PA) are useful tools to improve antibiotic (ATB) treatment. Two main models based on the pulmonary instillation of PA embedded in agar or calcium-alginate beads are currently used.

Reassessing the dosing of cefoxitin prophylaxis during major abdominal surgery: insights from microdialysis and population pharmacokinetic modelling.

Objectives: Cefoxitin is frequently used for surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP). Using microdialysis, we evaluated whether the currently recommended dosing regimen is appropriate to maintain cefoxitin subcutaneous tissue concentrations above the MIC for pathogens involved in abdominal surgical site infection.

Methods: Data from eight patients undergoing major abdominal surgery were analysed using population pharmacokinetic modelling, and Monte Carlo simulations were conducted to determine the PTA for aerobic and anaerobic pathogens.

Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Etoposide Free Concentrations in Solid Tumor.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine free etoposide (ETO) concentrations in two regions of Walker-256 (W256) solid tumor using microdialysis and to establish a population pharmacokinetic (popPK) model to describe simultaneously free tumor and total plasma concentrations.

Methods: W256 tumor-bearing Wistar rats received ETO 10 or 20 mg/kg i.v.

Validation of a sensitive HPLC/fluorescence method for assessment of ciprofloxacin levels in plasma and prostate microdialysate samples from rats.

Chronic bacterial prostatitis treatment consists of broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy for long periods of time. Drug penetration into the prostate makes the treatment a challenged. Ciprofloxacin is one of the most prescribed drugs for this treatment.