Evaluation of a push-and-pull strategy using volatiles of host and non-host plants for the management of pear psyllids in organic farming.

Introduction: Pear decline (PD) is one of the most devastating diseases of in Europe and North America. It is caused by the pathogen Phytoplasma pyri' and transmitted by pear psyllids (, , and ). Identifying attractant and repellent volatile organic compounds (VOCs) could improve the development of alternative plant protection measurements like push-pull or attract-and-kill strategies against pear psyllids.

Repellent Activity of Clove Essential Oil Volatiles and Development of Nanofiber-Based Dispensers against Pear Psyllids (Hemiptera: Psyllidae).

Pear psyllids are the main vectors of the pathogen ' Phytoplasma pyri' causing pear decline. Based on earlier reports, we tested the behavioral activity of the major synthetic compounds of clove essential oil (eugenol, eugenyl acetate, and β-caryophyllene) against and . Of six mixtures tested in olfactometer assays, a formulation consisting of three specific compounds (M6 mixture) demonstrated a repellent effect on both psyllid species.

Novel nanoscale pheromone dispenser for more accurate evaluation of Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) attract-and-kill strategies in the laboratory.

Background: Nanotechnology has recently allowed the production of formulations for controlled release of active ingredients. In the present study, the electrospinning technique was used to produce nanoscale dispensers for attract-and-kill strategies. Non-woven nanofibres containing insecticide (cypermethrin) and (E)-8,(Z)-8-dodecenyl acetate and (Z)-8-dodecanol (0.