Dietary protein load affects the energy and nitrogen balance requiring liver glutamate dehydrogenase to maintain physical activity.

Provision of amino acids to the liver is instrumental for gluconeogenesis while it requires safe disposal of the amino group. The mitochondrial enzyme glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) is central for hepatic ammonia detoxification by deaminating excessive amino acids toward ureagenesis and preventing hyperammonemia. The present study investigated the early adaptive responses to changes in dietary protein intake in control mice and liver-specific GDH KO mice (Hep-Glud1).

Effects of virtual reality on pain during intrauterine device insertions: A randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: The trial aimed to compare the pain perceived by women during intrauterine device (IUD) insertion, with or without virtual reality (VR) therapy. Furthermore, anxiety during the insertions, pain after the insertions, and satisfaction with the insertions were compared.

Methods: The trial was designed as a prospective, bi-centric, randomized, open-label interventional trial.

Submerged cultivation of sp. in batch and fed-batch modes for microbial oil production.

Microbial lipids are a valuable source of potential biofuels and essential polyunsaturated fatty acids. The optimization of the fermentation conditions is a strategy that affects the total lipid concentration. The genus sp.

Dominant TP63 missense variants lead to constitutive activation and premature ovarian insufficiency.

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a leading form of female infertility, characterised by menstrual disturbance and elevated follicle-stimulating hormone before age 40. It is highly heterogeneous with variants in over 80 genes potentially causative, but the majority of cases having no known cause. One gene implicated in POI pathology is TP63.

Glucolipotoxicity promotes the capacity of the glycerolipid/NEFA cycle supporting the secretory response of pancreatic beta cells.

Aims/hypothesis: Chronic exposure of pancreatic beta cells to high glucose and fatty acids has been proposed to induce glucolipotoxicity. However, contradictory results suggest adaptations of the beta cells, which might be instrumental for partial preservation of the secretory response. In this context, we delineated the expression pattern of genes related to lipid pathways along with fat storage/mobilisation during glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.

Anti-Müllerian hormone: A function beyond the Müllerian structures.

The anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a heterodimeric glycoprotein belonging to the TGFb superfamily implicated in human embryonic development. This hormone was first described as allowing regression of the epithelial embryonic Müllerian structures in males, which would otherwise differentiate into the uterus and fallopian tubes. It activates a signaling pathway mediated by two transmembrane receptors.

Adjuvant brachytherapy for oral squamous cell carcinomas: a single-center experience comparing low-dose and pulsed-dose-rate techniques.

Objective: This study aims to assess the outcomes of adjuvant interstitial brachytherapy (BT) to the tumor bed for oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and to compare the oncological outcomes and toxicity profile of low-dose-rate (LDR) and pulsed-dose-rate (PDR) BT.

Design: This retrospective single-center study included all patients who underwent postoperative LDR- or PDR-BT to the tumor bed as the sole adjuvant treatment for an oral tongue or floor of the mouth SCC between January 2000 and December 2020.

Results: A total of 79 patients were eligible for this study.

Involving migrants in the adaptation of primary care services in a 'newly' diverse urban area in Ireland: The tension between agency and structure.

In line with World Health Organization policy (WHO, 2016; 2019), primary care services need to be adapted to effectively meet the needs of diverse patient populations. Drawing from a European participatory implementation study, we present an Irish case study. In a hybrid participatory space, migrants, general practice staff and service planners (n = 11) engaged in a project to implement the use of trained interpreters in primary care over 17 months.

Powder containing biomolecules from Diaporthe schini for weed control.

This study describes the use of spray drying technology to obtain a powder containing biomolecules with herbicidal activity produced by submerged fermentation using . The efficiency of the bioherbicide was tested for the post-emergence control of L., L.

Mitochondrial Carriers Regulating Insulin Secretion Profiled in Human Islets upon Metabolic Stress.

Chronic exposure of β-cells to nutrient-rich metabolic stress impairs mitochondrial metabolism and its coupling to insulin secretion. We exposed isolated human islets to different metabolic stresses for 3 days: 0.4 mM oleate or 0.

Ovarian response to stimulation for fertility preservation in women with hematologic cancer.

Purpose: To compare the ovarian response to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) in patients with hematologic malignancies treated for fertility preservation (FP) and healthy subjects (oocyte donors (OD)).

Patients And Methods: Retrospective cohort study comparing 41 women (18-37 years) who underwent COH for oocyte vitrification prior to gonadotoxic treatment for hematologic cancer (FP group) from January 2014 to February 2019 and with 117 women undergoing COH as part of an OD protocol (OD group) during the same period. The number of frozen mature oocytes, number of oocytes retrieved, total dose of rFSH, maximal estradiol levels, percentage of maturity, number of dominant follicles >14 mm, days of stimulation were evaluated.

Weed control by metabolites produced from .

Weed control is a critical factor to ensure productivity and quality for food production. Chemical control is the main method used worldwide, but the demand for healthier food and the farmers' health and environment concerns have led to an increase in the search for alternative control methods. In this way, the use of biomolecules produced by microorganisms that present phytotoxic activity against weeds, such as exopolysaccharides, is attracting attention.

AMPK Profiling in Rodent and Human Pancreatic Beta-Cells under Nutrient-Rich Metabolic Stress.

Chronic exposure of pancreatic β-cells to elevated nutrient levels impairs their function and potentially induces apoptosis. Like in other cell types, AMPK is activated in β-cells under conditions of nutrient deprivation, while little is known on AMPK responses to metabolic stresses. Here, we first reviewed recent studies on the role of AMPK activation in β-cells.

Palmitate and oleate modify membrane fluidity and kinase activities of INS-1E β-cells alongside altered metabolism-secretion coupling.

Chronic exposure to elevated levels of glucose and free fatty acids impairs beta-cell function, leading to insulin secretion defects and eventually beta-cell failure. Using a semi-high throughput approach applied to INS-1E beta-cells, we tested multiple conditions of chronic exposure to basal, intermediate and high glucose, combined with saturated versus mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids in order to assess cell integrity, lipid metabolism, mitochondrial function, glucose-stimulated calcium rise and secretory kinetics. INS-1E beta-cells were cultured for 3 days at different glucose concentrations (5.

Switchable detector array scheme to reduce the effect of single-photon detector's deadtime in a multi-bit/photon quantum link.

We explore the use of a switchable single-photon detector (SPD) array scheme to reduce the effect of a detector's deadtime for a multi-bit/photon quantum link. The case of data encoding using M possible orbital-angular-momentum (OAM) states is specifically studied in this paper. Our method uses SPDs with a controllable × optical switch and we use a Monte Carlo-based method to simulate the quantum detection process.

Chronic fructose renders pancreatic β-cells hyper-responsive to glucose-stimulated insulin secretion through extracellular ATP signaling.

Fructose is widely used as a sweetener in processed food and is also associated with metabolic disorders, such as obesity. However, the underlying cellular mechanisms remain unclear, in particular, regarding the pancreatic β-cell. Here, we investigated the effects of chronic exposure to fructose on the function of insulinoma cells and isolated mouse and human pancreatic islets.

[Exposure of beta-cells to chronic fructose potentiates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion through ATP signaling].

While the use of fructose as a sweetener and its consumption are associated with increased fat storage prompted by the action of insulin, fructose alone does not acutely stimulate insulin exocytosis from the pancreatic beta-cell, as opposed to the chief secretagogue glucose. We investigated the effects of chronic exposure to fructose on beta-cell function. Our results reveal that chronic fructose induces extracellular ATP signaling in the beta-cell, resulting in the potentiation of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.

Experimental study of pelvic perioperative brachytherapy with iodine 125 seeds (I-125) in an animal model.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility of perioperative I-125 low-dose-rate brachytherapy mesh implantation in pelvic locations in an animal model, before applying it clinically.

Material And Methods: The animal model was the Romanov adult ewe. Non-radioactive dummy I-125 seeds were implanted by laparotomy in the pelvic area.

New approach of ultra-focal brachytherapy for low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer with custom-linked I-125 seeds: A feasibility study of optimal dose coverage.

Purpose: To present the feasibility study of optimal dose coverage in ultra-focal brachytherapy (UFB) with multiparametric MRI for low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer.

Methods And Materials: UFB provisional dose plans for small target volumes (<7 cc) were calculated on a prostate training phantom to optimize the seeds number and strength. Clinical UFB consisted in a contour-based nonrigid registration (MRI/Ultrasound) to implant a fiducial marker at the location of the tumor focus.

IDEAL 2a Phase II Study of Ultrafocal Brachytherapy for Low- and Intermediate-risk Prostate Cancer.

Purpose: Focal therapy of prostate cancer requires precise positioning of therapeutic agents within well-characterized index tumors (ITs). We assessed the feasibility of low-dose-rate ultrafocal brachytherapy.

Methods And Materials: The present study was an institutional review board-approved European Clinical Trials Database-registered phase II protocol.

Concentration of metabolites from sp. using microfiltration membrane for increasing bioherbicidal activity.

This study is focused on the concentration of fermented broth from sp. to increase its herbicidal activity. For this purpose, biomolecules produced by submerged fermentation using sp.

Extracts from Lupinus albescens: antioxidant power and antifungal activity in vitro against phytopathogenic fungi.

Fungi are considered the most damaging microorganisms in agriculture. The indiscriminate use of chemical treatments in agricultural products causes the development of pest resistance and affects human health. An alternative to synthetic fungicides is the use of natural products such as plant extracts for the management of fungal diseases in plants.

Using Participatory Learning & Action (PLA) research techniques for inter-stakeholder dialogue in primary healthcare: an analysis of stakeholders' experiences.

Plain English Summary: It is important for health care workers to know the needs and expectations of their patients. Therefore, service users have to be involved in research. To achieve a meaningful dialogue between service users, healthcare workers and researchers, participatory methods are needed.

Material practices for meaningful engagement: An analysis of participatory learning and action research techniques for data generation and analysis in a health research partnership.

Background: The material practices which researchers use in research partnerships may enable or constrain the nature of engagement with stakeholder groups. Participatory learning and action (PLA) research approaches show promise, but there has been no detailed analysis of stakeholders' and researchers' experiences of PLA techniques for data generation and co-analysis.

Objectives: To explore stakeholders' and researchers' experiences of PLA techniques for data generation and co-analysis.