Repeat Concussion and Recovery Time in a Primary Care Pediatric Office.

The authors enrolled 95 patients in a primary care office who presented with a concussion. Of these patients, 63% were sport concussions. The authors matched 90 of these patients to children in the authors' practice presenting for sports physicals or regular check-ups in the following demographics: age, participating in a particular sport, having attention-deficit disorder/attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, gender, and grade.

The Timing of Cognitive and Physical Rest and Recovery in Concussion.

Immediate cognitive and physical rest in the concussed patient is almost universally recommended in the concussion literature. The authors conducted a prospective observational in a primary care pediatric office to examine the effect of delayed cognitive and physical rest had on recovery time in pediatric concussion. The authors found that patients who started cognitive and physical rest immediately after injury were more likely to recover within 30 days compared to patients who delayed cognitive and physical rest for 1-7 days after their injury (67% vs 35%, P = .

Prevalence of asymptomatic celiac disease in children with fibromyalgia: a pilot study.

Background: The objective of this study was to prospectively determine the prevalence of asymptomatic celiac disease among children presenting with fibromyalgia. The secondary objective was to investigate if their symptoms resolved on a gluten free diet.

Findings: All children seen in the Amplified Musculoskeletal Pain clinic between the ages of 12 and 17 years of age who fulfilled the 1990 American College of Rheumatology diagnostic criteria for fibromyalgia were invited to participate.

Why is toilet training occurring at older ages? A study of factors associated with later training.

Recent studies suggest that children are completing toilet training much later than the preceding generation. Our objective was to identify factors associated with later toilet training. Children between 17 and 19 months of age (n=406) were enrolled in the study.

During toilet training, constipation occurs before stool toileting refusal.

Background: Previous studies demonstrated that constipation and painful defecation are associated with stool toileting refusal (STR), but whether they are the result of STR or occur before this behavior is not known.

Objective: To determine whether constipation and painful defecation occur as a result of STR or occur before STR.

Methods: Three hundred eighty children between 17 and 19 months of age participated in a prospective longitudinal study of toilet training.

Stool toileting refusal: a prospective intervention targeting parental behavior.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of an intervention targeting parental behavior on stool toileting refusal.

Methods: This study population comprised 406 children aged 17 through 19 months from a single suburban private practice. Children were randomly assigned to receive 1 of 2 written toilet-training instructions.

Children who hide while defecating before they have completed toilet training: a prospective study.

Objective: To examine the incidence and age at onset of hiding while defecating in children before they have been toilet trained and its association with difficulties in toilet training.

Design: Prospective study.

Setting: Suburban private pediatric practice.

Relationship between age at initiation of toilet training and duration of training: a prospective study.

Objective: To study the relationship between age at initiation of toilet training, age at completion of toilet training, and the duration of toilet training.

Methods: A total of 406 children seen at a suburban private pediatric practice were enrolled in a study of toilet training between 17 and 19 months of age, and 378 (93%) were followed by telephone interviews with the parents every 2 to 3 months until the child completed daytime toilet training. Information obtained at follow-up interviews included how often parents were asking their child to sit on the toilet or potty and where the child urinated and defecated.

Maternal ratings of infant intensity and distractibility: relationship with crying duration in the second month of life.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between infant temperament characteristics assessed at 4 weeks of age and the duration of infant crying and fussing during the second month of life.

Design: Families were enrolled in this prospective study during prenatal classes, and 60 infants completed the study. Temperament was assessed when the infant was 4 weeks of age using the Early Infancy Temperament Questionnaire, and crying and fussing was assessed on 16 days during the second month of life using a parent-completed infant behavior diary.