The NIOSH CROPS Demonstration Project: A Study in New York and Virginia with an Emphasis on Youth.

The agriculture, forestry, and fishing (AgFF) industry sector has had the highest rate of work-related deaths over the past several years. Tractors are the single largest source of occupational fatalities in this industry sector, and tractor rollovers are the largest category of tractor fatalities. The risk of death due to tractor rollovers has been found to be reduced considerably when rollover protective structures (ROPS) are used in conjunction with seatbelts.

High-yield production, refolding and a molecular modelling of the catalytic module of (1,3)-beta-D-glucan (curdlan) synthase from Agrobacterium sp.

Biosynthesis of the (1,3)-beta-D: -glucan (curdlan) in Agrobacterium sp., is believed to proceed by the repetitive addition of glucosyl residues from UDP-glucose by a membrane-embedded curdlan synthase (CrdS) [UDP-glucose: (1,3)-beta-D: -glucan 3-beta-D: -glucosyltransferase; EC 2.4.

Characterisation of the extracellular polysaccharides produced by isolates of the fungus Acremonium.

Solid state (13)C NMR studies of the extracellular glucans from the fungi Acremonium persicinum C38 (QM107a) and Acremonium sp. strain C106 indicated a backbone of (1-->3)-beta-linked glucosyl residues with single (1-->6)-beta-linked glucosyl side branches for both glucans. Analyses of enzymatic digestion products suggested that the average branching frequency for the A.

Cellulose synthase-like CslF genes mediate the synthesis of cell wall (1,3;1,4)-beta-D-glucans.

A characteristic feature of grasses and commercially important cereals is the presence of (1,3;1,4)-beta-d-glucans in their cell walls. We have used comparative genomics to link a major quantitative trait locus for (1,3;1,4)-beta-d-glucan content in barley grain to a cluster of cellulose synthase-like CslF genes in rice. After insertion of rice CslF genes into Arabidopsis, we detected (1,3;1,4)-beta-d-glucan in walls of transgenic plants using specific monoclonal antibodies and enzymatic analysis.

Temporal and spatial appearance of wall polysaccharides during cellularization of barley (Hordeum vulgare) endosperm.

Barley endosperm begins development as a syncytium where numerous nuclei line the perimeter of a large vacuolated central cell. Between 3 and 6 days after pollination (DAP) the multinucleate syncytium is cellularized by the centripetal synthesis of cell walls at the interfaces of nuclear cytoplasmic domains between individual nuclei. Here we report the temporal and spatial appearance of key polysaccharides in the cell walls of early developing endosperm of barley, prior to aleurone differentiation.

Structure and assembly of epiglucan, the extracellular (1-->3;1-->6)-beta-glucan produced by the fungus Epicoccum nigrum strain F19.

In a previous article [Carbohydr. Res.2001, 331, 163-171] two different structures for the possible modular repeating unit of the extracellular beta-glucan, epiglucan produced by the fungus Epicoccum nigrum strain F19 were proposed.

Biochemical evidence linking a putative callose synthase gene with (1 --> 3)-beta-D-glucan biosynthesis in barley.

A putative barley (1 --> 3)-beta-D-glucan synthase cDNA of 6.1 kb, which is homologous to the yeast FKS gene, was assembled from DNA fragments obtained through screening of barley cDNA and BAC libraries, and by PCR amplification. The corresponding gene, designated HvGSL1, is a member of a family of at least six genes in barley.

Hot alkali-labile linkages in the walls of the forage grass Phalaris aquatica and Lolium perenne and their relation to in vitro wall digestibility.

The factors affecting in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of fully mature internodes of 150 lines of the forage grass, Phalaris aquatica, and internodes of 100 lines of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne), harvested just after anthesis, were investigated. The relationships between IVDMD and the contents of acetyl bromide lignin, and ester-ether linkages between lignin and wall polysaccharides, measured by hydroxycinnamic acids (HCAs) released by 4 M NaOH at 170 degrees C respectively, were determined. The regression analysis gave r(2)=0.

Topological characterization of an inner membrane (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan (curdlan) synthase from Agrobacterium sp. strain ATCC31749.

The crdS gene of Agrobacterium sp. strain ATCC31749 encodes the curdlan synthase (CrdS) protein based on the homology of the derived CrdS protein sequence with those of beta-glycosyl transferases with repetitive action patterns (Stasinopoulos et al. [1999] Glycobiology, 9, 31-41).

Cloning and characterization of the phosphatidylserine synthase gene of Agrobacterium sp. strain ATCC 31749 and effect of its inactivation on production of high-molecular-mass (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan (curdlan).

Genes involved in the production of the extracellular (1-->3)-beta-glucan, curdlan, by Agrobacterium sp. strain ATCC 31749 were described previously (Stasinopoulos et al., Glycobiology 9:31-41, 1999).