BilT03: Phase 1b/2 multicenter trial of nivolumab with 5-fluorouracil and liposomal irinotecan for previously treated advanced biliary tract cancer.

Background: Second-line chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin (5FULV) and liposomal irinotecan improves survival in advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC). In this phase 1b/2 trial, we investigated the combination of 5FULV and liposomal irinotecan with nivolumab following progression on first-line chemotherapy for advanced BTC.

Methods: Patients received 2,400 mg/m 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin (dose level: 0:400 or -1:200 mg/m), 70 mg/m liposomal irinotecan, and 240 mg nivolumab every 2 weeks (ClinicalTrials.

NEO-GAP: A Single-Arm, Phase II Feasibility Trial of Neoadjuvant Gemcitabine, Cisplatin, and Nab-Paclitaxel for Resectable, High-Risk Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma.

Purpose: Most patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC) develop recurrence after resection. Adjuvant capecitabine remains the standard of care for resected IHCC. A combination of gemcitabine, cisplatin, and nab-paclitaxel (GAP) was associated with a 45% response rate and 20% conversion rate among patients with unresectable biliary tract cancers.

Severe Thrombocytopenia in Patients With Advanced Neuroendocrine Tumor Treated With Peptide Receptor Radioligand Therapy.

Background: Peptide receptor radioligand therapy (PRRT) was Food and Drug Administration approved in 2018 for the treatment of unresectable somatostatin receptor-positive gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and provides an important option for patients with advanced disease. A known adverse effect of this treatment is hematologic toxicity, although usually transient. We present 3 patients with metastatic gastroenteropancreatic NETs treated with PRRT who were evaluated for severe persistent thrombocytopenia.

Sustained Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Cancer Predicts Progression and Survival.

Background: As neoadjuvant therapy of borderline resectable pancreatic cancer (BRPC) is becoming more widely used, better indicators of progression are needed to help guide therapeutic decisions.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review was performed on all patients with BRPC who received 24 weeks of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Patients with chemotoxicity or medical comorbidities limiting treatment completion and nonexpressors of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) were excluded.

Palliative TACE for hepatic metastases of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma.

We describe the case of a man with chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (chRCC) and numerous metastatic lesions restricted to the liver. Despite extensive courses of various systemic targeted chemotherapies, progressive disease was noted on CT and MRI and the patient suffered from persistent abdominal pain associated with his metastatic lesions. The liver lesions and associated symptoms were effectively palliated with serial transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE).

Gemcitabine and Taxane Adjuvant Therapy with Chemoradiation in Resected Pancreatic Cancer: A Novel Strategy for Improved Survival?

Background: Gemcitabine-taxane combination chemotherapy has demonstrated a survival benefit clinically in metastatic pancreatic cancer (PC). The authors present their experience with gemcitabine and docetaxel (gem/tax)-based adjuvant treatment (Rx) after surgery with curative intent.

Methods: Patients with de novo resectable PC from January 2010 to December 2015 were identified from the authors' institutional database and registry.

Role of primary tumor resection among chemotherapy-treated patients with synchronous stage IV colorectal cancer: a survival analysis.

Introduction: The benefit of an operation to remove the primary tumor among patients with synchronous stage IV colorectal cancer is controversial. This study analyzed the survival benefits associated with primary tumor resection among chemotherapy-treated stage IV colorectal cancer patients.

Methods: The study analyzed 11,716 chemotherapy-treated stage IV colorectal cancer patients in the California Cancer Registry between 1996 and 2007, with follow-up through 2009.

Mortality risk after preoperative versus postoperative chemotherapy and radiotherapy in lymph node-positive rectal cancer.

Introduction: Persistent lymph node-positive disease after preoperative radiotherapy for rectal cancer is associated with adverse outcomes. We quantified mortality risks of persistent pathologic lymph nodes in lymph node-positive rectal cancer patients treated with preoperative versus postoperative chemoradiation.

Methods: This was a retrospective population-based analysis of 2,038 patients with stage III rectal cancer diagnosed 1994-2005 with follow-up through 2007 using data from the California Cancer Registry.

Meat consumption, ornithine decarboxylase gene polymorphism, and outcomes after colorectal cancer diagnosis.

Background: Dietary arginine and meat consumption are implicated in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression via polyamine-dependent processes. Polymorphism in the polyamine-regulatory gene, ornithine decarboxylase 1 (Odc1, rs2302615) is prognostic for CRC-specific mortality. Here, we examined joint effects of meat consumption and Odc1 polymorphism on CRC-specific mortality.

Role of obesity in a randomized placebo-controlled trial of difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) + sulindac for the prevention of sporadic colorectal adenomas.

Background: Chemoprevention with the polyamine-inhibitory regimen difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) + sulindac markedly reduces risk of recurrent adenoma in colorectal adenoma patients. Obesity is associated with risk of colorectal adenoma and colorectal cancer. This study investigates how obesity influences risk of recurrent adenoma after prolonged treatment with DFMO + sulindac versus placebo.

Population-based evaluation of adenosquamous carcinoma of the colon and rectum.

Background: Information about adenosquamous carcinoma of the colon and rectum is scarce because of its extremely low incidence.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the prognostic significance of a histological diagnosis of adenosquamous carcinoma in comparison with adenocarcinoma of the colon and rectum.

Design: This study was retrospective in design.