Evaluation of the Water Sorption and Solubility Behavior of Different Polymeric Luting Materials.

: The study evaluated the water sorption (WSP) and water solubility (WSL) characteristics of different luting agents over a 180-day water storage period. : Nine luting materials, i.e.

Evaluation of the efficacy of potassium nitrate and sodium fluoride as desensitizing agents during tooth bleaching treatment—A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: This meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the efficacy of potassium nitrate and sodium fluoride as desensitizing agents during tooth bleaching treatment.

Data, Sources And Study Selection: An electronic systematic literature search was conducted in Cochrane Center Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE (PubMed) and EmBase in April, 2014 in English and without time restrictions. Study information extraction and methodological quality assessments were accomplished by two reviewers independently.

Short-term Efficacy of Agents Containing KNO3 or CPP-ACP in Treatment of Dentin Hypersensitivity.

Objective: To evaluate the short-term efficacy of agents containing KNO3 or casein phosphopeptide- amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity.

Methods: UltraEZ, containing KNO3 and MI Paste, containing CPP-ACP were applied in this study. The dentin hypersensitivity of 102 subjects was established by a tactile stimulus with a Yeaple preasure probe, and the degree of hypersensitivity was measured using a visual analogue scale (VAS).

Erosion and abrasion of enamel and dentin associated with at-home bleaching: an in vitro study.

Background: Bleaching and erosive processes have been reported to soften dental surfaces, possibly increasing their susceptibility to toothbrush abrasion. The authors conducted an investigation of the effect on enamel and dentin of the interaction among bleaching, erosion and dentifrice abrasivity.

Methods: The authors prepared specimens of human enamel and root dentin and randomly divided them into eight groups that underwent 10 percent carbamide peroxide bleaching, erosion and dentifrice abrasion.

An in vivo study of the effect of a 38 percent hydrogen peroxide in-office whitening agent on enamel.

Background: In an in vivo study, the authors tested the hypothesis that no difference in enamel surface roughness is detectable either during or after bleaching with a high-concentration in-office whitening agent.

Methods: The authors performed profilometric and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analyses of epoxy resin replicas of the upper right incisors of 20 participants at baseline (control) and after each bleaching treatment with a 38 percent hydrogen peroxide whitening agent, applied four times, at one-week intervals. The authors used analysis of variance for repeated measures to analyze the data statistically.

Effect of bleaching on fracture toughness of resin composites.

This study determined the effect of bleaching agents on the fracture toughness of composite materials. Four nanofilled resin composites were evaluated: Filtek Supreme Plus, Tetric EvoCeram, Premise and Esthet-X. Four concentrations of bleaching agents were tested: Opalescence PF 10%, 20%, 35% and 45%.

Review of the effectiveness of various tooth whitening systems.

This review compares nine published studies conducted at the Indiana University School of Dentistry. Twenty-five products in four different systems were evaluated using the Trubyte Bioform Color Ordered Shade Guide and a Chroma Meter. The dentist-prescribed overnight bleaching delta mean shade guide value (DSGV) 10 weeks post-bleaching was 13.

A clinical evaluation of two in-office bleaching regimens with and without tray bleaching.

This study evaluated the degree of color change of teeth, the rebound effect and the sensitivities of teeth and gingiva associated with the use of an in-office bleaching agent followed by an at-home bleaching agent to lighten stained teeth in an in vivo study. Thirty-seven subjects who met the Inclusion/Exclusion criteria were divided into two cells. Twenty-five subjects received three 15-minute in-office bleaching treatments in succession with 36% hydrogen peroxide (HP) on the maxillary anterior teeth, followed by at-home overnight bleaching with 15% carbamide peroxide (CP) for seven days on one side of the dental arch.

Anticariogenic and antibacterial properties of a copper varnish using an in vitro microbial caries model.

The antimicrobial and anticariogenic properties of a copper varnish (experimental mixture of Doc's Best Red Copper cement and Copalite varnish, Cooley and Cooley, Ltd, Houston, TX, USA: designated in this study as "Copper Seal") on the root surface were evaluated in an in vitro microbial caries model. Fifty-six human root specimens were prepared from anterior teeth and randomly divided into four groups: Groups 1 and 3-Copper Seal; Group 2-chlorhexidine varnish, the positive control (Cervitec, Ivolcar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) and Group 4-a negative control that received no treatment. The varnishes were painted in Groups 1, 2 and 3, then visually removed after 24 hours in Group 1.

Effect of two in-office whitening agents on the enamel surface in vivo: a morphological and non-contact profilometric study.

This study evaluated the morphological effects produced in vivo by two in-office bleaching agents on enamel surface roughness using a noncontact profilometric analysis of epoxy replicas. The null hypothesis tested was that there would be no difference in the micromorphology of the enamel surface during or after bleaching with two different bleaching agents. Eighteen subjects were selected and randomly assigned to two treatment groups (n=9).

In vivo study of two carbamide peroxide gels with different desensitizing agents.

This study evaluated tooth whitening and sensitivity that occurred during and after 14 days of overnight bleaching with 15% carbamide peroxide gel with potassium nitrate and fluoride (Opalescence 15% PF, OP) and 16% carbamide peroxide with amorphous calcium phosphate (Nite White 16%, NW). Thirty-two subjects bleached their teeth using custom trays. The subjects had a baseline evaluation and returned after 7, 14, 21, 35 and 90 days for subjective and objective color evaluations.

Clinical evaluation of 15% carbamide peroxide on the surface microhardness and shear bond strength of human enamel.

Purpose: This clinical evaluation compared a neutral sodium fluoridated whitening product to a neutral non-fluoridated whitening product in terms their effects on human enamel surface microhardness (SMH) and human enamel/resin composite shear bond strength (SBS) following various treatment times.

Materials And Methods: Subjects were evaluated for enamel SMH and enamel/resin SBS following 15% carbamide peroxide (CP) with and without potassium nitrate and fluoride (PF). Twenty subjects (80 first or second premolars), who were treatment-planned for premolar extraction due to orthodontic therapy, were allocated into two groups, A and B.

Eight in-office tooth whitening systems evaluated in vivo: a pilot study.

This in vivo pilot study evaluated eight products with hydrogen peroxide (HP) concentrations ranging from 15% to 35%. The treatment contact time varied from 15 minutes to 60 minutes. Patients were evaluated for color at baseline, immediately after treatment and at one, two, four and six weeks after treatment using a colorimeter, shade guide and photos.

Extended bleaching of tetracycline-stained teeth: a 5-year study.

Bleaching tetracycline-stained teeth is the most challenging form of tooth lightening. This article reports on 44 subjects who bleached their tetracycline-stained teeth for 6 months using trays with reservoirs overnight in a half-mouth designed study and 2 of 3 different concentrations of carbamide peroxide (10%, 15% or 20%). The subjects were followed for 5 years.

Microtensile bond strength of glass ionomer cements to artificially created carious dentin.

In this laboratory study, the microtensile bond strengths of a conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC) and a resin modified glass ionomer cement (CRMGIC) to artificially created carious dentin and sound dentin were compared, and the ultrastructural morphology of the fractured interface was examined with a low-vacuum scanning electron microscope (SEM). The specimens were divided into 4 groups: 1) a conventional GIC (Ketac-Fil Plus Aplicap) placed on sound dentin; 2) a conventional GIC placed on artificially created carious dentin; 3) an RMGIC (Photac-Fil Aplicap) placed on sound dentin and 4) an RMGIC placed on artificially created carious dentin. Artificial carious lesions were created using a chemical demineralizing solution of 0.

The dental pulp: inflammatory markers and vital bleaching.

Purpose: To evaluate the expression of specific neuropeptides associated with inflammation, substance-P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), after night guard vital bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide gel.

Methods: 10 patients with four caries free premolars scheduled for orthodontic extraction had these teeth bleached with 10% Opalescence as follows: tooth #28, no treatment (control); #5, 4 days of bleaching; #12, 2 weeks of bleaching; #21, 2 weeks of bleaching, followed by 2 weeks without treatment. All teeth in the four groups were extracted at the same time.

A clinical evaluation of bleaching using whitening wraps and strips.

This study evaluated the degree of color change of teeth and the sensitivities of teeth and gums in an in vivo study. Ranir Whitening Wraps (WW2) and Crest Whitestrips Premium (WP2) were used twice a day and Ranir Whitening Wraps (WW1) were used once a day. Color evaluations occurred at baseline, after five and seven-day use of bleaching agent and 14 days post-bleaching.

Designing visually optimal shade guides.

Statement Of Problem: Dental shade guides do not provide a broad coverage of tooth colors. There is a need for shade guides that can provide closer color matches.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to propose and assess a visually optimal shade guide for tooth color matching.

Fluoride releasing materials: their anti-cariogenic properties tested in in vitro caries models.

The anti-cariogenic properties of three fluoride-releasing materials on root surfaces were evaluated using two different caries models. Standardized cavities were prepared in dentin specimens and restored with either glass-ionomer, resin-modified glass-ionomer, polyacid-modified resin composite or resin composite material. Two groups of 56 specimens were demineralized using a microbial caries model for three days, while another 56 specimens were demineralized using a chemical demineralization model for three days.

Pulp reaction to vital bleaching.

This study evaluated the histological changes in dental pulp after nightguard vital bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide gel. Fifteen patients between 12 and 26 years of age with caries-free first premolars scheduled for orthodontic extraction were treated with 10% Opalescence (Ultradent Products, Inc). Tooth #5 had four days of bleaching, tooth #12 was treated for two weeks, tooth #21 was bleached for two weeks followed by two weeks without treatment and tooth #28, serving as the control, was without treatment.

A three-year clinical evaluation of two dentin bonding agents.

Background: A new restorative called a "giomer composite" has been introduced. The authors conducted a study to determine retention, anatomical form, caries, staining, marginal discoloration, marginal adaptation, surface roughness and sensitivity of giomer compared with those of a microfilled composite.

Methods: The authors placed 40 sets of restorations randomly in canines and premolars in vivo.

A clinical evaluation of two in-office bleaching products.

This half-mouth design, two-week treatment phase, combined with an 11-week evaluation double-blinded randomized clinical trial was conducted to compare two in-office bleaching products, StarBrite (35% hydrogen peroxide) with Opalescence Xtra Boost (38% hydrogen peroxide), for degree of color change of teeth, any relapse effect (darkening) associated with discontinued use and gingival irritation and tooth sensitivity associated with use. The degree of color change and relapse was evaluated by using a colorimeter, shade guide and color slide photographs. Participants self-evaluated their gingival irritation and tooth sensitivity.