Free functional muscle transfer for lower extremity reconstruction.

Background: Free functional muscle transfer is a reconstructive strategy for the reconstruction of lost muscle units in the lower extremity after oncologic resection, trauma, compartment syndrome, or severe nerve injuries. Under appropriate circumstances, free functional muscle transfer may be the only suitable reconstructive option. This article reviews the underlying principles of free functional muscle transfer, its application to lower extremity reconstruction, appropriate patient selection, and surgical techniques.

Quantifying Tenodesis Hand Function in Cervical Spinal Cord Injury: Implications for Function.

Purpose: Cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) has a profound effect on upper-extremity function. Individuals with stiffness and/or spasticity may have more, or less, useful tenodesis function. This study examined the variability present before any reconstructive surgery.

On the bounded generation of arithmetic SL.

Let be a number field and be a finite set of primes of containing the archimedean valuations. Let 𝒪 be the ring of -integers in Morgan, Rapinchuck, and Sury [A. V.

A Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating the Impact of Pre-Consultation Information on Patients' Perception of Information Conveyed and Satisfaction with the Decision-Making Process.

Background: Patient participation in treatment decision-making is a health care priority. This study hypothesized that providing a decision aid before surgical consultation would better prepare patients for decision-making. The objective was to examine the impact of a decision aid versus high-quality websites on patients' perceptions of information conveyed during surgical consultation and satisfaction with the decision process.

A Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating the Impact of Web-Based Information on Breast Cancer Patients' Knowledge of Surgical Treatment Options.

Background: Previous research suggests that providing information to women newly diagnosed with breast cancer, during the gap between cancer diagnosis and their first surgeon consultation, may support decision making. Our objective was to compare patients' knowledge after the pre-consultation delivery of standard websites vs a web-based decision aid (DA).

Study Design: We randomized women with stage 0 to III breast cancer, within an academic and community breast clinic, to be emailed a link to selected standard websites (National Cancer Institute, American Cancer Society, Breastcancer.

Feasibility of Providing Web-Based Information to Breast Cancer Patients Prior to a Surgical Consult.

Patients facing decisions for breast cancer surgery commonly search the internet. Directing patients to high-quality websites prior to the surgeon consultation may be one way of supporting patients' informational needs. The objective was to test an approach for delivering web-based information to breast cancer patients.

Quality of online information to support patient decision-making in breast cancer surgery.

Background: Breast cancer patients commonly use the internet as an information resource. Our objective was to evaluate the quality of online information available to support patients facing a decision for breast surgery.

Methods: Breast cancer surgery-related queries were performed (Google and Bing), and reviewed for content pertinent to breast cancer surgery.

Microsurgical Technique Modifications: Practical Tips for Improving Precision.

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.

Personalized health care beyond oncology: new indications for immunoassay-based companion diagnostics.

Personalized health care (PHC) is an evolving field of medicine aimed at providing the right therapy to the right patient at the right time. This approach often incorporates the use of companion diagnostics (CDx) assays that provide information essential for the safe and effective use of the corresponding drug. In addition to oncology, many other therapy areas, such as cardiovascular, neurological, and infectious and inflammatory diseases, may benefit from PHC, owing to disease complexity and heterogeneity.

The Clinical and Health Economic Value of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics.

The ultimate goal of diagnostic testing is to guide disease management in order to improve patient outcomes and patient well-being. Patient populations are rarely homogenous and accurate diagnostic tests can dissect the patient population and identify those patients with similar symptoms but very different underlying pathophysiology that will respond differently to different treatments. This stratification of patients can direct patients to appropriate treatment and is likely to result in clinical benefits for patients and economic benefits for the healthcare system.

Clinicopathologic characteristics of patients with stage III/IV (M(0)) advanced gastric cancer, according to HER2 status assessed by immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization.

Despite recent advances in chemotherapy, the prognosis for patients with advanced gastric cancer (GC) or gastroesophageal junction cancer remains poor. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a novel target for biologic therapy in metastatic GC. We analyzed the association between HER2 overexpression and the clinicopathologic characteristics of advanced GC.

Disease-free survival according to degree of HER2 amplification for patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy with or without 1 year of trastuzumab: the HERA Trial.

Purpose: To determine whether (1) immunohistochemical (IHC) HER2 status (ie, 2+ or 3+), (2) degree of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) amplification according to (2a) HER2/CEP17 ratio or (2b) HER2 gene copy number, or (3) polysomy significantly influenced clinical outcome for patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) -positive breast cancer enrolled in the Herceptin Adjuvant trial of trastuzumab versus no trastuzumab administered after completion of chemotherapy.

Patients And Methods: IHC and/or FISH analyses were performed locally and required central confirmation as indicating HER2 positivity for trial entry. FISH data from the central HER2 analysis on patients in the 1-year trastuzumab and no trastuzumab arms were assessed in relation to disease-free survival (DFS) after a median 2 years of follow-up.