Noninvasive Calculation of Cerebrospinal Fluid Production Using Phase-Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging: First Implementation in Augusta, Georgia.

This retrospective review examines the utility of phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI) to calculate flow through the aqueduct between the third and fourth ventricles to estimate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) production. Imaging software quantified the CSF flow rate across the aqueduct of four females and two males at a single center, and the mean of these results was compared to the established mean CSF production calculated by invasive techniques. There was no significant difference between the means, contributing to the body of literature suggesting the utility of PC-MRI in estimating CSF production rates.

Endoscope-assisted far lateral craniotomy for resection of posterior fossa neurocysticercosis: illustrative case.

Background: Neurocysticercosis is a parasitic infection that commonly affects the ventricles, subarachnoid spaces, and spinal cord of the central nervous system. The authors report an unusual manifestation of purely posterior fossa neurocysticercosis treated with endoscope-assisted open craniotomy for resection.

Observations: A 67-year-old male presented with 2 months of progressive dizziness, gait ataxia, headaches, decreased hearing, and memory impairment.

Anatomy of the Ventricles, Subarachnoid Spaces, and Meninges.

The ventricular system, subarachnoid spaces, and meninges are structures that lend structure, support, and protection to the brain and spinal cord. This article provides a detailed look at the anatomy of the intracranial portions of these structures with a particular focus on neuroimaging methods.

The utility of cranial ultrasound as a screening tool for neonatal ECMO.

Background Neurologic complications including hemorrhage, ischemia, and infarction are often identified in neonates undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and may contribute to the high morbidity observed in ECMO survivors. Screening for intracranial complications is reliant on bedside transcranial ultrasound (CUS) prior to and during ECMO therapy, and advanced imaging [i.e.

Head and Neck Sarcomas: A Review of Clinical and Imaging Findings Based on the 2013 World Health Organization Classification.

Objective: Head and neck sarcomas are a complex, heterogeneous group of tumors that present a diagnostic challenge to radiologists because they have many overlapping imaging features. The purpose of this article is to review the imaging and clinical features and highlight distinguishing features of head and neck sarcomas.

Conclusion: An understanding of characteristic imaging and clinical features of head and neck sarcomas is important for the radiologist to narrow the differential diagnosis and help guide management.

Fertility Preservation in Pubertal and Pre-Pubertal Boys with Cancer.

Children diagnosed with cancer continue to have improved survival due to advances in effective treatment options. Increased attention is therefore now focused on quality of life issues once they are cured. Fertility preservation is of paramount concern since gonadotoxic treatments, especially radiation and chemotherapy, often impair future fertility.

Suprasellar Ganglioglioma: Expanding the Differential Diagnosis.

This case study describes a young man with symptoms suggestive of the presence of a space-occupying lesion within the cranial cavity. Imaging studies confirmed a lesion in the suprasellar region and surgical intervention to remove the tumor yielded an unexpected diagnosis. Neuroimaging characteristics and histopathology including immunohistochemistry are described.

Bulbocavernosus muscle area as a novel marker for hypogonadism.

Objective: Late-onset hypogonadism, or androgen deficiency in the aging male, is a significant cause of morbidity in older men. Many men in the low normal or equivocal range for low testosterone level exhibit signs and symptoms of hypogonadism. Serum testosterone is an imperfect maker for hypogonadism as symptoms vary greatly within the low to low normal range in addition to variations among testosterone assays.

Stroke in a Child with Hemoglobin SC Disease: A Case Report Describing use of Hydroxyurea after Transfusion Therapy.

Children with hemoglobin SC (HbSC) disease suffer a significant incidence of silent cerebral infarcts but stroke is rare. A 2-year-old African American boy with HbSC disease presented with focal neurologic deficits associated with magnetic resonance imaging evidence of cerebral infarction with vascular abnormalities. After the acute episode he was treated with monthly transfusions and subsequently transitioned to hydroxyurea therapy.

ALK positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma of the Thoracic Spine.

Primary bone lymphoma (PBL) is an uncommon extra nodal disease that represents about 1-3% of lymphoma cases. Imaging findings are variable and non-specific. Computed tomography may demonstrate lytic lesions with sequestra and periosteal reaction.

Imaging and angiography in male factor infertility.

Ultrasound imaging and angiography play a crucial role in the diagnosis and treatment of men with subfertility. The most commonly used imaging modality is ultrasound (US), which can be used for diagnostic purposes or to aid in treatment. Scrotal US can be used to document varicoceles in subfertile men in the context of difficult examination or for confirmation before treatment.

Penile Doppler ultrasound predicting cardiovascular disease in men with erectile dysfunction.

Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the USA. Traditional risk factors such as obesity, physical inactivity, and diet are used to screen for cardiovascular disease. However, these risk factors miss a significant population who are at risk for future cardiac events.

Penile sonoelastography for the localization of a non-palpable, non-sonographically visualized lesion in a patient with penile curvature from Peyronie's disease.

Introduction: Sonoelastography is an emerging ultrasound-based technique that allows characterization of tissue stiffness.

Aim: The aim of this report is to present a case of significant penile curvature with a non-palpable, non-sonographically visualized plaque that was demonstrable with sonoelastography.

Methods: A 60-year-old male presented with significant left penile curvature during erections.

Spectral Doppler sonography: a noninvasive method for predicting dyspermia.

Objectives: Sonography is a noninvasive, office-based diagnostic tool often used for evaluation of subfertile men. Previous studies have suggested that a resistive index (RI) greater than 0.6 is associated with impaired spermatogenesis.

Office ultrasound for the urologist.

Imaging of the genitourinary tract is essential in the workup of the majority of the conditions seen daily by urologists. The use of ultrasound in the office provides a safe, low cost, and efficient way for the clinician to evaluate the patient in real time. Ultrasound can allow for bedside diagnosis in many conditions and assist in treatment planning.

Gold nanoparticle-initiated free radical oxidations and halogen abstractions.

We report on the use of EPR spectroscopy and spin trapping technique to detect free radical intermediates formed in the presence of gold nanoparticles. Phosphine- and amine-protected gold nanoparticles were found to initiate air oxidation of organic substrates containing active hydrogen atoms, such as amines and phosphine oxides. Nanoparticles protected by stronger bound ligands (e.

The effects of chelating agents on radical generation in alkaline peroxide systems, and the relevance to substrate damage.

A spin-trapping EPR technique has been employed to explore the generation of hydroxyl radicals from reactions between a series of first row transition metal ions and aqueous hydrogen peroxide at pH 10, and with a range of chelating agents (EDTA, DTPMP and the readily biodegradable ligands S,S-EDDS and IDS). In the absence of these chelating agents only Cu(II) generates a significant level of hydroxyl radicals; in their presence with Cu(II) EDTA and IDS give similar behaviour whereas EDDS and DTPMP inhibit hydroxyl radical generation. For Fe(II), EDTA, DTPMP and IDS significantly enhance ( radical)OH production under these conditions whereas EDDS does not.

Dipole-dipole interactions in spin-labeled au nanoparticles as a measure of interspin distances.

A series of Au nanoparticles modified with a nitroxide-functionalized ligand was prepared with a range of spin-label coverage. The X-band EPR spectra of frozen solutions of these nanoparticles showed coverage-dependent line-broadening due to dipole-dipole interactions between spin labels. We developed a methodology to analyze such spectra in terms of geometrical features of the nanoparticles (e.

(N-Benzyl-bis-N',N''-salicylidene)-cis-1,3,5-triaminocyclohexane copper(II): a novel catalyst for the aerobic oxidation of benzyl alcohol.

Reaction of Cu(BF(4))(2).6H(2)O with the N(3)O(2) donor ligand H(2)L (where H(2)L = N-benzyl-N',N''-di-tert-butyl-disalicyl-triaminocyclohexane) results in the formation of a novel Cu(II)L complex, 1. X-Ray crystallography of it shows the Cu(II) centre coordinated by two phenolate oxygens and two imine nitrogens in a distorted square plane with an elongated bond to the amine nitrogen (2.

Long-term effects of cryopreservation on human spermatozoa.

We evaluated the long-term effects of cryopreservation on spermatozoa of men with testicular cancer, lymphoma, and benign conditions. No statistically significant decrease in semen parameters was noted. Duration of follow-up was up to 5 years and mean follow-up was 2 years.