Publications by authors named "Bruce Burkemper"
Importance: Refractive error remains the largest cause of correctable visual impairment in the US. Correction of refractive error will reduce visual impairment and its associated morbidity but also improve quality of life and productivity.
Objective: To determine the burden of and risk factors (RFs) associated with any uncorrected refractive error (UCRE) and unmet refractive need (URN) in a population-based sample of African American adults.
Purpose: To assess the prevalence and risk factors of blindness among patients newly diagnosed with primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) in the United States.
Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study.
Methods: Eligible patients from the American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) Intelligent Research in Sight (IRIS) Registry had newly diagnosed PACG, defined as: 1) observable during a 24-month lookback period from index date of PACG diagnosis; 2) no history of eye drops, laser, or cataract surgery unless preceded by a diagnosis of anatomical narrow angle (ANA); and 3) no history of glaucoma surgery.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to validate deep learning algorithms for accurately detecting scleral spur locations and measuring related biometric parameters in anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) images.
- Using the ANTERION OCT system, the performance of these algorithms was compared to manual markings made by human graders (reference, expert, and novice), focusing on false and true positive rates.
- Results showed that the deep learning algorithms performed similarly to expert graders, providing reliable measurements, which could improve clinical assessments for patients with potential angle closure issues.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how refractive error and ocular metrics influence the risk of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) differently across racial and ethnic groups.
- Data from the Los Angeles Latino Eye Study and Chinese American Eye Study were analyzed, revealing higher POAG prevalence in Latinos compared to Chinese Americans, with significant risk factors including ethnicity, myopia, and longer axial length.
- Findings suggest that while the relationship between these risk factors and POAG is consistent across groups, the higher prevalence of myopia in Chinese Americans could increase their risk in the global context of a rising myopia epidemic.
Prcis: The risk of primary angle closure disease (PACD) rises rapidly with greater hyperopia while remaining relatively low for all degrees of myopia. Refractive error (RE) is useful for angle closure risk stratification in the absence of biometric data.
Purpose: To assess the role of RE and anterior chamber depth (ACD) as risk factors in PACD.
Purpose: To assess rates of diagnostic conversion from anatomical narrow angle (ANA) to primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) in the United States and identify factors associated with diagnostic conversion.
Design: Retrospective case-control study.
Participants: Patients diagnosed with ANA between the years 2007 and 2019 were identified based on International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes in the Optum Clinformatics Data Mart Database.
Prcis: Peripapillary vessel parameters from optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) 4.5×4.5 mm scans in nonglaucomatous and glaucomatous eyes showed high repeatability and reproducibility, with higher reliability for commercially developed OCTA parameters compared with custom OCTA parameters.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), this study compared intrasession repeatability versus intersession reproducibility of macular vessel parameters in glaucoma and non-glaucoma subjects.
Methods: 6 × 6 mm macular OCTA scans (Cirrus HD-OCT 5000) were acquired from glaucomatous and non-glaucomatous subjects as part of an observational, longitudinal study. Vessel area density (VAD) and vessel skeleton density (VSD) were calculated using research-based quantification software while perfusion density (PD) and vessel density (VD) were calculated using commercially developed software (Cirrus 11.
Prcis: Among subjects with glaucoma, wedge-shaped defects on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) were associated with disc hemorrhages (DH), paracentral visual field (VF) defects, increased cup-to-disc ratio (CDR), and thinner retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL).
Purpose: To examine determinants of wedge defects on peripapillary OCTA in glaucoma.
Materials And Methods: A total of 278 eyes of 186 subjects with mild to severe primary open-angle glaucoma underwent 6×6 spectral-domain OCTA imaging of the superficial peripapillary retina from 2016 to 2020 at an academic practice.
Purpose: To assess the impact of visual field loss (VFL) on vision-specific quality of life (VSQOL) by race, ethnicity, and age.
Design: Pooled analysis of cross-sectional data from 3 population-based, prospective cohort studies.
Participants: The Multiethnic Ophthalmology Cohorts of California Study (MOCCaS) participants included 6142 Latinos, 4582 Chinese Americans, and 6347 Black Americans from Los Angeles County.
Purpose: To determine the relationship of various systemic and ocular characteristics with perifoveal and macular vessel density in healthy African American eyes.
Design: A population-based cross-sectional study of prospectively recruited African Americans ≥40 years of age. Participants underwent 3×3 mm and 6×6 mm macula scans using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), clinical examinations and clinical questionnaires.
Purpose: To assess ocular biometric determinants of dark-to-light change in anterior chamber angle width and identify dynamic risk factors in primary angle closure disease (PACD).
Design: Population-based cross-sectional study.
Methods: Chinese American Eye Study (CHES) participants underwent anterior segment optical coherence tomography imaging in the dark and light.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate how axial length (AL) changes the relationship of intraocular pressure (IOP) with peripapillary vessel density (pVD) in glaucoma versus non-glaucomatous eyes.
Methods: A population-based, cross-sectional study of 2127 African Americans aged 40 years and older in Inglewood, California, were imaged with 6 × 6-mm optic disc optical coherence tomography angiography scans. There were 1028 healthy subjects (1539 eyes) and 65 subjects with glaucoma (86 eyes) who met inclusion criteria.
Purpose: To investigate hemiretinal asymmetry in radial peripapillary capillary vessel area density (VAD) of healthy, glaucoma suspect, and glaucoma eyes of varying severity and its diagnostic utility for glaucoma.
Design: Population-based, cross-sectional study.
Methods: Optic disc scans (6 × 6 mm) were collected on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) to obtain VAD and on optical coherence tomography (OCT) to measure circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness.
Purpose: To explore the correlation between retinal capillary non-perfusion and the distribution of retinal neovascularization and vascular leakage (VL) in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).
Methods: Ultra-widefield angiograms of 96 eyes of 69 patients with PDR were reviewed for the proportion of non-perfused area to total gradable area, and for the presence of neovascularization and VL.
Results: Retinal neovascularization was distributed as such: neovascularization elsewhere (NVE), 57.
Purpose: To compare dynamic ranges and steps to measurement floors of peripapillary and macular metrics from a complex signal-based optical microangiography (OMAG) optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) device for glaucoma with those of OCT measurements.
Design: Cross-sectional study.
Methods: Imaging of 252 eyes from 173 patients with glaucoma and 123 eyes from 92 subjects without glaucoma from a glaucoma clinic was quantified using custom and commercial software.
Purpose: To elucidate how visual field loss (VFL) impacts self-reported vision-specific quality of life (VSQOL) in African Americans, who experience a disproportionate burden of visual impairment.
Design: Cross-sectional, population-based cohort.
Methods: Eligible participants (n = 7,957) were recruited who self-identified as African American, were aged 40 years or older, and resided in Inglewood, California, USA.
Purpose: To compare peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness among healthy adults by race and ethnicity and to identify determinants of RNFL thickness.
Design: Population-based cross-sectional study.
Participants: Data from 6133 individuals (11 585 eyes) from 3 population-based studies in Los Angeles County, California, 50 years of age or older and of self-described African, Chinese, or Latin American ancestry.
Objective: To compare intrasession repeatability versus intersession reproducibility of the peripapillary vessel parameters using optical microangiography-based optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in non-glaucomatous and glaucomatous eyes.
Methods: In an observational, longitudinal study, peripapillary OCTA scans were collected to evaluate intrasession repeatability and intersession reproducibility using within-eye coefficient of variation (CV) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Images were quantified using a custom research-oriented quantification software calculating vessel area density (VAD) and flux and a commercially developed, clinic-oriented quantification software (Cirrus 11.
Purpose: To identify risk factors associated with lens opacities in Chinese Americans.
Methods: A cross-sectional population-based study of 4,582 Chinese Americans ≥50 years residing in Monterey Park, California. Participants completed a comprehensive clinical examination with lens assessment using the Lens Opacities Classification System II, with lens opacities defined by a grade ≥2 in either eye.
Article Synopsis
- A study was conducted to understand how various eye structures influence the width of the anterior chamber angle in people aged 50 and older from the Chinese American Eye Study.
- The research involved comprehensive eye exams, and the analysis included measurements from both men and women, revealing that anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens vault (LV), and iris curvature (IC) are key factors affecting the angle width.
- The findings indicate that the differences in angle width between sexes can be attributed to variations in these biometric measurements, advancing our understanding of the anatomical reasons behind angle narrowing in this population.
Unlabelled: PRéCIS:: Averaging triplicate en face angiograms of the radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) plexus with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) improves vessel visualization, reduces vessel density parameters, and increases the diagnostic accuracy for glaucoma of one such parameter.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that triplicate averaging of the RPC layer improves visualization and diagnostic accuracy of OCTA for glaucoma.
Materials And Methods: This is a cross-sectional study involving 63 primary open-angle glaucoma patients and 70 age-matched glaucoma suspects.
Purpose: The African American (AA) population has unique ocular anatomic characteristics and a disproportionately high incidence of glaucoma, which is associated with lower peripapillary vessel density (VD). This study aimed to identify ocular determinants of peripapillary VD in healthy AAs.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional, population-based study of 1029 AAs, ages 40 and older.
Purpose: To evaluate the macular microvasculature in patients with familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) using OCT angiography (OCTA) and to assess for peripheral vascular changes using widefield fluorescein angiography (WFA).
Design: Multicenter, retrospective, comparative, observational case series.
Participants: We identified 411 patients with FEVR, examined between September 2014 and June 2018.
Article Synopsis
- The study explored how systemic factors like age, sex, and diabetes duration affect the density of radial peripapillary capillaries (RPC VD) in healthy African Americans.
- Conducted on 2127 participants over 40, the research utilized optical coherence tomography to measure RPC VD in 1029 eyes, applying statistical methods to identify influential factors.
- Findings showed that older age, being male, and longer diabetes duration were linked to lower RPC VD, highlighting the need for further research to connect these factors to glaucoma risk.