A Lifestyle Management for Arthritis Group education intervention for people with inflammatory and degenerative arthritis: An observational study.

Background: Occupational therapy self-management groups aim to assist individuals to incorporate health-promoting behaviours and management strategies into their daily routines to promote wellbeing. The Lifestyle Management for Arthritis Group (LMAG) is a 2-h-long, occupational therapy educational-behavioural group intervention adapted from the evidence-based Lifestyle Management for Arthritis Programme (Hammond & Rayner, 2013) and was delivered to inpatients with inflammatory and degenerative arthritis separately.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of this intervention in an inpatient Rheumatology Rehabilitation setting.

Adolescent Trichomonas vaginalis in a High-burdened Region of the Southern United States.

Background: We evaluated the clinical management and risk factors for Trichomonas vaginalis-positive adolescents in upstate South Carolina.

Methods: An Epic electronic medical record report was generated to identify any physician-ordered T. vaginalis test from February 2016 to December 2017 for patients aged 12 to 18 years within the Prisma Health Upstate system.

Association of prevalence of active transport to work and incidence of myocardial infarction: A nationwide ecological study.

Background: There is a paucity of population-based geospatial data about the association between active transport and myocardial infarction. We investigated the association between active transport to work and incidence of myocardial infarction.

Design: This ecological study of 325 local authorities in England included 43,077,039 employed individuals aged 25-74 years (UK Census, 2011), and 117,521 individuals with myocardial infarction (Myocardial Ischaemia National Audit Project, 2011-2013).

Pediatric Myocarditis Protocol: An Algorithm for Early Identification and Management with Retrospective Analysis for Validation.

Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium with numerous different etiologies, the vast majority of which are infectious in origin. Patients afflicted with myocarditis can have variable presentations from flu-like symptoms to cardiogenic shock and sudden death, thus making the diagnosis difficult. The purpose of this study is the development of an algorithm for early identification and management of myocarditis based on a review of the published data and available literature.

Prevalence of aspirin resistance by thromboelastography plus platelet mapping in children with CHD: a single-centre experience.

RationaleAspirin resistance has been reported in up to 80% of children with cardiovascular defects undergoing surgery. Because of a patient who had embolic stroke while on therapeutic aspirin dose but in whom aspirin resistance was present on his thromboelastography platelet mapping, we chose to obtain thromboelastography platelet mapping on cardiac patients on aspirin to assess their risk. OBJECTIVES: This study evaluates aspirin resistance noted in these patients and their characteristics.

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance to Evaluate Percutaneous Pulmonary Valve Implantation in Children and Young Adults.

Experience with cardiac magnetic resonance to evaluate coronary arteries in children and young adult patients is limited. Because noninvasive imaging has advantages over coronary angiography, we compared the effectiveness of these techniques in patients who were being considered for percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation. We retrospectively reviewed the cases of 26 patients (mean age, 12.

Deoxycholic acid mediates non-canonical EGFR-MAPK activation through the induction of calcium signaling in colon cancer cells.

Obesity and a western diet have been linked to high levels of bile acids and the development of colon cancer. Specifically, increased levels of the bile acid deoxycholic acid (DCA), an established tumor promoter, has been shown to correlate with increased development of colorectal adenomas and progression to carcinoma. Herein we investigate the mechanism by which DCA leads to EGFR-MAPK activation, a candidate mechanism by which DCA may promote colorectal tumorigenesis.

Volume Holographic Reflection Endoscope for In-Vivo Ovarian Cancer Clinical Studies.

We present the design for an endoscopic system capable of imaging tissues of the ovary at two selected imaging depths simultaneously. The method utilizes a multiplexed volume hologram to select wavefronts from different depths within the tissue. It is the first demonstration of an endoscopic volume holographic imaging system.

Simultaneous multiplane imaging of human ovarian cancer by volume holographic imaging.

Ovarian cancer is the most deadly gynecologic cancer, a fact which is attributable to poor early detection and survival once the disease has reached advanced stages. Intraoperative laparoscopic volume holographic imaging has the potential to provide simultaneous visualization of surface and subsurface structures in ovarian tissues for improved assessment of developing ovarian cancer. In this ex vivo ovarian tissue study, we assembled a benchtop volume holographic imaging system (VHIS) to characterize the microarchitecture of 78 normal and 40 abnormal tissue specimens derived from ovarian, fallopian tube, uterine, and peritoneal tissues, collected from 26 patients aged 22 to 73 undergoing bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, or abdominal cytoreductive surgery.

Dual-grating confocal-rainbow volume holographic imaging system designs for high depth resolution.

Confocal microscopy rejects out-of-focus light from the object by scanning a pinhole through the image and reconstructing the image point by point. Volume holographic imaging systems with bright-field illumination have been proposed as an alternative to conventional confocal-type microscopes that does not require scanning of a pinhole or a slit. However, due to wavelength-position degeneracy of the hologram, the high Bragg selectivity of the volume hologram is not utilized and system performance is not optimized.

Activation of α-keto acid-dependent dioxygenases: application of an {FeNO}7/{FeO2}8 methodology for characterizing the initial steps of O2 activation.

The α-keto acid-dependent dioxygenases are a major subgroup within the O(2)-activating mononuclear nonheme iron enzymes. For these enzymes, the resting ferrous, the substrate plus cofactor-bound ferrous, and the Fe(IV)═O states of the reaction have been well studied. The initial O(2)-binding and activation steps are experimentally inaccessible and thus are not well understood.

Evidence for the mechanism of hydroxylation by 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase and hydroxymandelate synthase from intermediate partitioning in active site variants.

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) and hydroxymandelate synthase (HMS) each catalyze similar complex dioxygenation reactions using the substrates 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate (HPP) and dioxygen. The reactions differ in that HPPD hydroxylates at the ring C1 and HMS at the benzylic position. The HPPD reaction is more complex in that hydroxylation at C1 instigates a 1,2-shift of an aceto substituent.

Spatial-spectral volume holographic systems: resolution dependence on effective thickness.

The resolution dependence of spatial-spectral volume holographic imaging systems on angular and spectral bandwidth of nonuniform gratings is investigated. Modeling techniques include a combination of the approximate coupled-wave analysis and the transfer-matrix method for holograms recorded in absorptive media. The effective thickness of the holograms is used as an estimator of the resolution of the imaging systems.

Product analysis and inhibition studies of a causative Asn to Ser variant of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase suggest a simple route to the treatment of Hawkinsinuria.

Hawkinsinuria is a severe inherited condition that has a significant impact on the health of infants. The disease manifests as metabolic acidosis that significantly slows the growth rate and induces persistent diarrhea and vomiting. Though other causes may exist, an autosomal dominant mutation that alters codon 241 of the 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) gene from encoding an asparagine to encoding a serine gives rise to the symptoms of the disease.

The yeast mitochondrial citrate transport protein: identification of the Lysine residues responsible for inhibition mediated by Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate.

The present investigation identifies the molecular basis for the well-documented inhibition of the mitochondrial inner membrane citrate transport protein (CTP) function by the lysine-selective reagent pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. Kinetic analysis indicates that PLP is a linear mixed inhibitor of the Cys-less CTP, with a predominantly competitive component. We have previously concluded that the CTP contains at least two substrate binding sites which are located at increasing depths within the substrate translocation pathway and which contain key lysine residues.

Two roads diverged: the structure of hydroxymandelate synthase from Amycolatopsis orientalis in complex with 4-hydroxymandelate.

The crystal structure of the hydroxymandelate synthase (HMS).Co2+.hydroxymandelate (HMA) complex determined to a resolution of 2.

New developments in the epidemiology and clinical spectrum of rhinovirus infections.

Purpose Of Review: The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent changes in our understanding of the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of rhinovirus infection that have occurred as a result of the improved diagnostic sensitivity provided by the reverse transcriptase PCR assays.

Recent Findings: Rhinovirus infection is now recognized as an important cause of acute exacerbations of asthma in school-aged children. Along with other respiratory viruses, rhinovirus infection is also a cause of exacerbations of cystic fibrosis.

Epistemological beliefs in child care: implications for vocational education.

Background: The quality of child care is of social and economic significance worldwide. The beliefs that child care workers hold about knowing and knowledge (epistemological beliefs) influence the quality of their professional work. However, attention to epistemological beliefs is rarely a focus in vocational education programmes.

A case of plastic bronchitis presenting 9 years after Fontan.

A 15-year-old boy with hypoplastic left heart syndrome experienced plastic bronchitis 9 years after completion of a nonfenestrated lateral tunnel Fontan. Despite cardiac catheterization with coil embolization of collateral vessels and initiation of a pulmonary toilet regimen, including aerosolized tissue plasminogen activator, he continued to expectorate large acellular-mucinous casts. Finally, after optimization of cardiac function with the addition of carvedilol, the expectorated casts decreased in number.

Structural and thermodynamic studies of simple aldose reductase-inhibitor complexes.

The competitive inhibition constants of series of inhibitors related to phenylacetic acid against both wild-type and the doubly mutanted C298A/W219Y aldose reductase have been measured. Van't Hoff analysis shows that these acids bind with an enthalpy near -6.8 kcal/mol derived from the electrostatic interactions, while the 100-fold differences in binding affinity appear to be largely due to entropic factors that result from differences in conformational freedom in the unbound state.

The Ottawa Hospital's Clinical Practice Guideline for the Second Stage of Labour.

The management of the second stage of labour remains controversial, and there are very few comprehensive evidence-based clinical practice guidelines to assist care providers. We describe an approach to developing a local clinical practice guideline that included extensive review of the literature; use of a guideline appraisal instrument to assess methodological rigour, content, clarity and applicability; use of a recommendation matrix; drafting a local guideline; obtaining formal feedback; making revisions; and designing an implementation and evaluation plan. Recommendations from this guideline include timelines for the total length of second stage, waiting time, and pushing time.

The contribution of laparoscopy in evaluation of penetrating abdominal wounds.

Background: Penetrating abdominal wounds are traditionally explored by laparotomy. We investigated prospectively the role of laparoscopy within a defined protocol for management of penetrating abdominal wounds to determine its safety and advantages over traditional operative management.

Study Design: The study inclusion criteria were: stab and gun shot abdominal wounds, including junction zone injuries; stable vital signs; and absence of contraindications for laparoscopy.

The structure of Apo R268A human aldose reductase: hinges and latches that control the kinetic mechanism.

Aldose reductase (AR) catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of glucose and other sugars to their respective sugar alcohols. The NADP+/NADPH exchange is the rate-limiting step for this enzyme and contributes in varying degrees to the catalytic rates of other aldo-keto reductase superfamily enzymes. The mutation of Arg268 to alanine in human recombinant AR removes one of the ligands of the C2-phosphate of NADP+ and markedly reduces the interaction of the apoenzyme with the nucleotide.