Desktop 3D printers in the workplace: use, emissions, controls, and health.

Desktop three-dimensional (3D) printers are used in businesses, schools, and colleges, and are generally of an unenclosed design which may give rise to injuries or inhalation exposure to emissions of small particles (<1 µm) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The aim of this work was to explore the health risks related to the use of desktop 3D printers in workplaces in the United Kingdom. A digital survey on the use of desktop 3D printers was completed voluntarily and anonymously between February and June 2023, receiving 146 responses.

Detection of Prions in Wild Pigs (Sus scrofa) from Areas with Reported Chronic Wasting Disease Cases, United States.

Using a prion amplification assay, we identified prions in tissues from wild pigs (Sus scrofa) living in areas of the United States with variable chronic wasting disease (CWD) epidemiology. Our findings indicate that scavenging swine could play a role in disseminating CWD and could therefore influence its epidemiology, geographic distribution, and interspecies spread.

COVID-19-related lockdowns and changes in overweight and obesity, movement behaviours, diet quality, and health-related quality of life among regional Australian primary school children: A repeat cross-sectional study.

Background: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the Australian state of Victoria (in particular, its capital, Melbourne) experienced some of the longest lockdowns in the world.

Objective: This repeated cross-sectional study examined changes between March to June 2019 (pre-pandemic) and April to August 2022 (6 to 11 months following pandemic-related lockdowns) in overweight and obesity prevalence, physical activity, sedentary behaviour, sleep, diet quality, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among primary school children in north-east Victoria, Australia.

Methods: Height and weight were measured for Grade 2, 4, and 6 students in 2019 (3889 children) and 2022 (1816 children).

Optimal implementation of an Ontario nirsevimab program for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) prophylaxis: Recommendations from a provincial RSV expert panel.

In June 2024, a group of 12 experts in the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) field representing a cross-section of healthcare provider types who treat and care for pregnant individuals and infants, assembled to discuss the implementation of a broad infant prophylaxis program with nirsevimab in Ontario. To gain insight on potential best practices founded on the experiences of other jurisdictions, the meeting comprised a review of the 2023/2024 RSV season programs in Spain, France, and the United States that implemented nirsevimab prophylaxis. The impact of nirsevimab in reducing severe RSV disease among infants during the first RSV season was assessed including the implications on hospital resources and healthcare system costs.

Partnership With Patient Advocacy Organizations Improves Research Recruitment.

Incorporating and elevating the voices of patients and families is of utmost importance in pediatric psychosocial research. While recognized as a priority, this practice is not commonplace, and specific guidance regarding best practices and procedures is largely absent. This paper describes partnering equitably with pediatric oncology patient advocacy groups to conduct the Implementing the Standards Together: Engaging Parents and Providers in Psychosocial Care (iSTEPPP) study.

The potential of cognitive remediation therapy for improving the communication capabilities of adults with schizophrenia and other psychotic spectrum disorders.

Background: Impairment in aspects of communication is a core diagnostic feature of schizophrenia and other psychotic spectrum disorders. These communication difficulties inhibit participation in a range of daily activities and affect relationships and quality of life. There has been little research focussed on communication outcomes in relation to cognitive remediation therapy within this population.

Sensitivity and Specificity of Chimerism Tests in Predicting Leukemia Relapse Using Increasing Mixed Chimerism.

Chimerism test was evaluated to predict leukemia relapse. Increasing mixed chimerism (IMC), defined as recipient increase ≥0.1% in peripheral blood total cell chimerism, was used as a surrogate of disease activity.

Umbrella review of systematic reviews to inform the development and translation of community-based childhood obesity prevention interventions.

Community-based interventions (CBIs) can be effective and feasible for the prevention of childhood obesity. The aim of this umbrella review is to determine if systematic reviews report sufficient information to guide replication or adaptation of CBIs to a variety of contexts and aid in further development of childhood obesity prevention CBIs. Six databases were searched for systematic reviews including obesity prevention CBIs involving 0-18 year olds and reporting weight-related outcomes.

Operational lessons learned from simulating an elimination response to a transboundary animal disease in wild animals.

Transboundary animal disease (TAD) introductions can have myriad economic, ecological, and societal impacts. When TADs are introduced into wild species, rapid and intense control efforts to reduce wild animal host populations are sometimes needed to eliminate the disease and prevent endemicity and spillover to domestic animal populations. Yet, such intensive efforts are non-trivial, and the rarity of TAD introductions means that personnel rarely have direct experience with these types of operations.

Activated carbon seed technologies: Innovative solutions to assist in the restoration and revegetation of invaded drylands.

The demand for seed-based restoration and revegetation of degraded drylands has intensified with increased disturbance and climate change. Invasive plants often hinder the establishment of seeded species; thus, they are routinely controlled with herbicides. Herbicides used to control invasive plants may maintain soil activity and cause non-target damage to seeded species.

Three-year behavioural, health-related quality of life, and body mass index outcomes from the RESPOND randomized trial.

Objectives: Evaluate RESPOND, a community-based systems intervention to prevent childhood obesity and non-communicable diseases (NCD).

Study Design: Cluster randomized trial of building community capacity to use systems science for child obesity and NCD prevention in 10 local government areas in northeast Victoria, Australia. Four-year stepped wedge trial, adapted due to COVID-19 restrictions METHODS: Cluster randomized trial of building community capacity to use systems science for child obesity and NCD prevention in 10 local government areas in northeast Victoria, Australia.

Erratum: Leiter . Review of Evolocumab for the Reduction of LDL Cholesterol and Secondary Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease. Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine. 2024; 25: 190.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2505190.

Expert panel opinion on the optimal educational pathway for diabetes educators for training people with type 1 diabetes on the MiniMed™ 780G system: a Delphi consensus.

Introduction: The MiniMed™ 780G system is an advanced insulin pump system incorporating an AHCL (Advanced Hybrid Close Loop) algorithm that automatically adjusts insulin delivery based on glucose levels. All guidelines recommend the use of Automated Insulin Delivery therapy for people with type 1 diabetes (PWT1D) and they highlight that a specifically trained and expert team should provide training on HCL systems for PWT1D, but none of the publications detail the curriculum profile that diabetes educators should have. This paper aims to establish a consensus on the optimal educational pathway for diabetes educators on the MiniMed™ 780G system.

Exploring the Broader Benefits of Obesity Prevention Community-based Interventions From the Perspective of Multiple Stakeholders.

Community-based interventions (CBIs) show promise as effective and cost-effective obesity prevention initiatives. CBIs are typically complex interventions, including multiple settings, strategies and stakeholders. Cost-effectiveness evidence, however, generally only considers a narrow range of costs and benefits associated with anthropometric outcomes.

Four Models of Wastewater-Based Monitoring for SARS-CoV-2 Complementing Individual Screening in Jail Settings.

To describe 4 unique models of operationalizing wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in jails of graduated sizes and different architectural designs. We summarize how jails of Cook County, Illinois (average daily population [ADP] 6000); Fulton County, Georgia (ADP 3000); Middlesex County, Massachusetts (ADP 875); and Washington, DC (ADP 1600) initiated WBS between 2020 and 2023. Positive signals for SARS-CoV-2 via WBS can herald a new onset of infections in previously uninfected jail housing units.

MINISTOP 3.0: Implementation of a mHealth obesity prevention program within Swedish child healthcare - study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial.

Background: Previously, we have reported on the efficacy and real-world effectiveness of a parent-oriented mobile health intervention (MINISTOP 1.0 and 2.0), which have shown improvements in pre-school children's lifestyle behaviours.

Assessing the effects of "native speaker" status on classic findings in speech research.

It is common practice in speech research to only sample participants who self-report being "native English speakers." Although there is research on differences in language processing between native and nonnative listeners (see Lecumberri et al., 2010, for a review), the majority of speech research that aims to establish general findings (e.

Tracking sero-molecular trends of swine brucellosis in Hawai'i and the central Pacific.

Introduction: Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease of mammals caused by bacterial species of the genus. The reservoir for disease is typically mammals, with species of found infecting amphibians, bats, and marine mammals. spp.

Transient hypoxia drives soil microbial community dynamics and biogeochemistry during human decomposition.

Human decomposition in terrestrial ecosystems is a dynamic process creating localized hot spots of soil microbial activity. Longer-term (beyond a few months) impacts on decomposer microbial communities are poorly characterized and do not typically connect microbial communities to biogeochemistry, limiting our understanding of decomposer communities and their functions. We performed separate year-long human decomposition trials, one starting in spring, another in winter, integrating bacterial and fungal community structure and abundances with soil physicochemistry and biogeochemistry to identify key drivers of microbial community change.

Evaluation of rifle cartridge and shot placement for euthanizing feral swine (Sus scrofa) in traps.

Feral swine are a highly destructive invasive species around the globe. Wildlife managers commonly trap and euthanize feral swine with firearms to reduce their adverse impacts. The utility of euthanizing domestic swine with firearms has been considered when emergency situations arise such as in the event of a foreign animal disease outbreak in domestic swine.