Oil-in-oil pickering emulsions stabilized by diblock copolymer nanoparticles.

Hypothesis: Diblock copolymer nanoparticles have been shown to be Pickering emulsifiers for both oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions. Recently, we reported the preparation of sterically-stabilized diblock copolymer spheres in a low-viscosity silicone oil (Macromolecules 53 (2020) 1785-1794). We hypothesized that such spheres could be used as a Pickering emulsifier for a range of oil-in-oil emulsions comprising droplets of a bio-sourced oil dispersed in silicone oil.

Mass Air Medical Repatriation of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients.

Recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) events have presented challenges to health care systems worldwide. Air medical movement of individuals with potential infectious disease poses unique challenges and threats to crews and receiving personnel. The US Department of Health and Human Services air medical evacuation teams of the National Disaster Medical System directly supported 39 flights, moving over 2,000 individuals.

The "Who" System of the Human Brain: A System for Social Cognition About the Self and Others.

Neuroscientists are fond of talking about brain systems for the processing of "what" and "where" information about objects and their locations. What is critically missing is the concept of a "who" system dedicated to the neural processing of information about social agents-both the self and others-and their interactions. I propose here the characterization of such a system, one that functions not only in perception but in production as well, such as when recounting stories about oneself and others.

Trauma-informed care training with HIV and related community service workers: Short and long term effects on attitudes.

Although the experience of trauma is a widespread, global phenomenon, individuals living with HIV, who are two-spirit, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer+ (2SLGBTQ+), who use injection drugs, and/or who have marginalized status, are disproportionately affected (Harris & Fallot, 2006; Hopper, Bassuk, & Olivet, 2009; Seedat, 2012). The need for trauma competent service provision, meaning integrating psychoeducation about trauma, and knowledge of its prevalence, impact, and outcomes, is clear. Numerous HIV service and affiliated agencies in Ontario requested a Trauma-Informed Care workshop for their staff and volunteers, and the current project reports on the outcomes of this workshop.

Investigating discrepancies between experimental solid-state NMR and GIPAW calculation: NC-N C and OH⋯O H chemical shifts in pyridinium fumarates and their cocrystals.

An NMR crystallography analysis is presented for four solid-state structures of pyridine fumarates and their cocrystals, using crystal structures deposited in the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre, CCDC. Experimental one-dimensional one-pulse H and C cross-polarisation (CP) magic-angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and two-dimensional N-H heteronuclear multiple-quantum coherence MAS NMR spectra are compared with gauge-including projector augmented wave (GIPAW) calculations of the H and C chemical shifts and the N shifts that additionally depend on the quadrupolar interaction. Considering the high ppm (>10 ​ppm) H resonances, while there is good agreement (within 0.

The Usefulness of Patient-Reported Outcomes and the Influence on Palliative Oncology Patients and Health Services: A Qualitative Study of the Prospective Outcomes and Support Initiative.

Background: Through the British Columbia, Prospective Outcomes and Support Initiative (POSI), registered nurses collect patient-reported outcome (PRO) data during telephone follow-up with palliative oncology patients.

Objective: The research objective was to describe the usefulness and influence of the nursing care provided through POSI follow-up on palliative patients and health services.

Methods: We used a qualitative interpretive description approach involving the collection and analysis of semistructured interview data with 20 palliative patients and 12 oncology nurses.

Decreased Outpatient Fluoroquinolone Prescribing Using a Multimodal Antimicrobial Stewardship Initiative.

Background: Fluoroquinolones are antibiotics prescribed in the outpatient setting, though they have serious side effects. This study evaluates the impact of stewardship interventions on total and inappropriate prescribing of fluoroquinolones in outpatient settings in a large county hospital and health system.

Methods: In an effort to decrease inappropriate outpatient fluoroquinolone usage, a multimodal antimicrobial stewardship initiative was implemented in November 2016.

Structure Effects on the Ionicity of Protic Ionic Liquids.

We report on the characterisation of 16 protic ionic liquids (PILs) prepared by neutralisation of primary or tertiary amines with a range of simple carboxylic acids, or salicylic acid. The extent of proton transfer was greater for simple primary amine ILs compared to tertiary amines. For the latter case, proton transfer was increased by providing a better solvation environment for the ions through the addition of a hydroxyl group, either on the tertiary amine, or by formation of PIL/molecular solvent mixtures.

Consensus standards of healthcare for adults and children with inflammatory bowel disease in the UK.

Objective: Symptoms and clinical course during inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) vary among individuals. Personalised care is therefore essential to effective management, delivered by a strong patient-centred multidisciplinary team, working within a well-designed service. This study aimed to fully rewrite the UK Standards for the healthcare of adults and children with IBD, and to develop an IBD Service Benchmarking Tool to support current and future personalised care models.

International epidemiology databases to evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) in sub-Saharan Africa, 2012-2019.

Purpose: The objectives of the International epidemiology databases to evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) are to (i) evaluate the delivery of combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) in children, adolescents and adults in sub-Saharan Africa, (ii) to describe ART regimen effectiveness, durability and tolerability, (iii) to examine HIV-related comorbidities and coinfections and (iv) to examine the pregnancy-related and HIV-related outcomes of women on ART and their infants exposed to HIV or ART in utero or via breast milk.

Participants: IeDEA is organised in four regions (Central, East, Southern and West Africa), with 240 treatment and care sites, six data centres at African, European and US universities, and almost 1.4 million children, adolescents and adult people living with HIV (PLWHIV) enrolled.

MAS NMR Investigation of Molecular Order in an Ionic Liquid Crystal.

The structure and molecular order in the thermotropic ionic liquid crystal (ILC), [choline][geranate(H)octanoate], an analogue of Choline And GEranate (CAGE), which has potential for use as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial and transdermal and oral delivery agent, were investigated by magic-angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), polarizing optical microscopy, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and mass spectrometry. Mass spectrometry and the H NMR chemical shift reveal that CAGE-oct is a dynamic system, with metathesis (the exchange of interacting ions) and hydrogen exchange occurring between hydrogen-bonded/ionic complexes such as [(choline)(geranate)(H)(octanoate)], [(choline)(octanoate)(H)], and [(choline)(geranate)(H)]. These clusters, which are shown by mass spectrometry to be significantly more stable than expected for typical electrostatic ion clusters, involve hydrogen bonding between the carboxylic acid, carboxylate, and hydroxyl groups, with rapid hydrogen bond breaking and re-formation observed to average the H chemical shifts.

No Evidence for a Significant Impact of Heterogeneous Chemistry on Radical Concentrations in the North China Plain in Summer 2014.

The oxidation of nitric oxide to nitrogen dioxide by hydroperoxy (HO) and organic peroxy radicals (RO) is responsible for the chemical net ozone production in the troposphere and for the regeneration of hydroxyl radicals, the most important oxidant in the atmosphere. In Summer 2014, a field campaign was conducted in the North China Plain, where increasingly severe ozone pollution has been experienced in the last years. Chemical conditions in the campaign were representative for this area.

One-Way and Round-Trip Analysis Demonstrates Surprising Limitations of Standards-Based Terminology Maps.

The informatics community has a long-standing vision of freely flowing and highly re-usable patient-specific clinical data that improves care quality and safety. We sought to evaluate the extent to which a standards-based mapping approach is sufficient to support semantic interoperability. We simulated large-scale clinical data transmission and measured semantic success between VA and DoD systems via one-way testing (OWT) and round-trip testing (RTT).

Gene targets for engineering osmotolerance in .

Background: , a promising biocatalyst being developed for use in consolidated bioprocessing of lignocellulosic materials to ethanol, grows poorly and has reduced conversion at elevated medium osmolarities. Increasing tolerance to elevated fermentation osmolarities is desired to enable performance necessary of a consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) biocatalyst.

Results: Two strains of showing growth phenotypes in elevated osmolarity conditions were identified.

5-amino-2-methylpyridinium hydrogen fumarate: An XRD and NMR crystallography analysis.

Single-crystal X-ray diffraction structures of the 5-amino-2-methylpyridinium hydrogen fumarate salt have been solved at 150 and 300 K (CCDC 1952142 and 1952143). A base-acid-base-acid ring is formed through pyridinium-carboxylate and amine-carboxylate hydrogen bonds that hold together chains formed from hydrogen-bonded hydrogen fumarate ions. H and C chemical shifts as well as N shifts that additionally depend on the quadrupolar interaction are determined by experimental magic angle spinning (MAS) solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and gauge-including projector-augmented wave (GIPAW) calculation.

Assessment of mobile source air toxics in an Environmental Justice Denver community adjacent to a freeway.

Air pollutant concentrations are often higher near major roadways than in the surrounding environments owing to emissions from on-road mobile sources. In this study, we quantified the gradient in black carbon (BC) and air toxics concentrations from the I-70 freeway in the Elyria-Swansea environmental justice neighborhood in Denver, Colorado, during three measurement campaigns in 2017-2018. The average hourly upwind-downwind gradient of BC concentrations from the roadway was 500-800 ng/m, equal to an increment of approximately 30-80% above local background levels within 180 m of the freeway.

Optimizing individual nutrition in preterm very low birth weight infants: double-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Objective: In preterm neonates fed human milk, fortification may be adjusted by (1) optimization, based on growth rate and serum nutrient analyses, or (2) individualization, based on serial milk nutrient analyses. The primary aim was to determine whether individualized plus optimized nutrition (experimental) improves velocity of weight gain and linear growth from birth to endpoint (36 weeks postmenstrual age or discharge) when compared with optimized nutrition alone (controls).

Study Design: Double-blinded parallel group randomized trial in 120 neonates <29 weeks gestational age (GA) or <35 weeks and small for GA (birth weight < 10th centile).

Global airborne sampling reveals a previously unobserved dimethyl sulfide oxidation mechanism in the marine atmosphere.

Dimethyl sulfide (DMS), emitted from the oceans, is the most abundant biological source of sulfur to the marine atmosphere. Atmospheric DMS is oxidized to condensable products that form secondary aerosols that affect Earth's radiative balance by scattering solar radiation and serving as cloud condensation nuclei. We report the atmospheric discovery of a previously unquantified DMS oxidation product, hydroperoxymethyl thioformate (HPMTF, HOOCHSCHO), identified through global-scale airborne observations that demonstrate it to be a major reservoir of marine sulfur.

EHR Overtime: An Analysis of Time Spent After Hours by Family Physicians.

Background And Objectives: Time spent in the electronic health record (EHR), away from direct patient care, is associated with physician burnout. Yet there is a lack of evidence quantifying EHR use among family physicians. The purpose of the study was to describe a method for quantifying habits and duration of use within the electronic health record in family medicine residents and faculty with particular attention paid to time spent after hours.

Assessment of Ambient Air Toxics and Wood Smoke Pollution among Communities in Sacramento County.

Ambient air monitoring and phone survey data were collected in three environmental justice (EJ) and three non-EJ communities in Sacramento County during winter 2016-2017 to understand the differences in air toxics and in wood smoke pollution among communities. Concentrations of six hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) and black carbon (BC) from fossil fuel (BC) were significantly higher at EJ communities versus non-EJ communities. BC from wood burning (BC) was significantly higher at non-EJ communities.

Transcriptomic Profiles of 8b to Furfural Acute and Long-Term Stress in Both Glucose and Xylose Conditions.

8b is an ethanologenic bacterium engineered to utilize both glucose and xylose. The impacts of lignocellulosic hydrolyzate inhibitors on the growth of 8b have been investigated. However, the molecular responses of these inhibitors have not been completely elucidated yet.

Conducting sexualities research: an outline of emergent issues and case studies from ten Wellcome-funded projects.

This letter seeks to synthesise methodological challenges encountered in a cohort of Wellcome Trust-funded research projects focusing on sexualities and health. The ten Wellcome Trust projects span a diversity of gender and sexual orientations and identities, settings; institutional and non-institutional contexts, lifecourse stages, and explore a range of health-related interventions.  As researchers, we originate from a breadth of disciplinary traditions, use a variety of research methods and data sources.