Intensive Care Management of Severe Hyponatraemia-An Observational Study.

Hyponatraemia is a common electrolyte disorder. For patients with severe hyponatraemia, intensive care unit (ICU) admission may be required. This will enable close monitoring and allow safe management of sodium levels effectively.

Significant kidney disease in pregnancy: Feasibility and outcomes of a national population-based study using the Australasian Maternity Outcomes Surveillance System.

Background: Current understanding of clinical practice and care for maternal kidney disease in pregnancy in Australia is hampered by limitations in available renal-specific datasets.

Aims: To capture the epidemiology, management, and outcomes of women with significant kidney disease in pregnancy and demonstrate feasibility of a national cohort study approach.

Materials And Methods: An Australian prospective study (2017-2018) using a new kidney disease-specific survey within the Australasian Maternity Outcomes Surveillance System (AMOSS).

Patterns of Technology-Based Abuse Among Adult Intimate Partner Violence Survivors and Associations with Offline Abuse.

Research about technology-based abuse (TBA) has primarily relied on youth-focused survey research, leading to gaps in knowledge about the experiences of TBA among adult populations. However, studies among adult intimate partner violence (IPV) survivors suggest that TBA is a pervasive problem warranting attention. This study builds on the limited existing literature about adult experiences of TBA by examining patterns of TBA among adult abuse survivors ( = 377).

"Give me the reigns of taking care of myself with a home": Healing environments in an Indigenous-led alcohol harm reduction program.

Background: Distinct from western Managed Alcohol Programs (MAPs), Indigenous-led alcohol harm reduction programs can be defined by both 'culture as healing' and decolonized harm reduction philosophies. We sought to explore experiences of Indigenous 'family members' (participants) in an Indigenous-led alcohol harm reduction program and culturally supportive housing to identify appropriate supports according to family member perspectives, and to inform delivery of the program.

Methods: Situated within an Indigenous-western research partnership, we completed semi-structured interviews with seven family members of an Indigenous-led alcohol harm reduction and culturally supportive housing program.

Determinants of HBeAg loss during follow-up of a multiethnic pediatric cohort.

Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) loss is a key event in the natural history of chronic hepatitis B virus infection. The rate and determinants of HBeAg loss depend upon cohort characteristics at baseline. Few studies have examined the age-dependent rate, and none have examined the effect of patient sex and ethnicity on the age-dependant rate.

Do teams of strangers create health care dangers? The effect of OR team consistency on operative times in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Purpose: Teamwork and communication are important components of any surgical team. This study uses a simple, reproducible, and quantitative "team consistency score" and a nodal-based model for examining prior interactions amongst team members to represent and quantify the regularity of an OR team for a specific surgical case.

Methods: The electronic medical record (EMR) at our institution was queried for pediatric patients undergoing spinal surgery from January 2021 through December 2023.

Autochthonous Human Babesia divergens Infection, England.

We describe a case of autochthonous human Babesia divergens infection in an immunocompetent woman in England. The patient had fever, hemolysis, multiorgan failure, and 18% parasitemia. We confirmed B.

Peripheral Blood IFN Responses to Toll-Like Receptor 1/2 Signaling Associate with Longer Survival in Men with Metastatic Prostate Cancer Treated with Sipuleucel-T.

Unlabelled: Mounting evidence links systemic innate immunity with cancer immune surveillance. In advanced metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), Black patients have been found to have increased inflammatory markers and longer survival after sipuleucel-T (sip-T) therapy, an FDA-approved, autologous cell therapy. We hypothesized these differences may be explained by previously reported ancestral differences in pattern recognition receptor signaling, which broadly governs innate inflammation to control adaptive immune cell activation, chemotaxis, and functionality.

Characterizing Acute Low Back Pain in a Community-Based Cohort: Results from a Feasibility Cohort Study.

Introduction: Acute low back pain (LBP) is a common experience; however, the associated pain severity, pain frequency, and characteristics of individuals with acute LBP in community settings have yet to be well understood. In this manuscript, two acute-LBP severity categorization definitions were developed: 1) pain impact frequency (impact-based) and 2) pain intensity (intensity-based) severity categories. The purpose of this manuscript is to describe and then compare these acute-LBP severity groups in the following characteristics: 1) sociodemographic, 2) general and physical health, and 3) psychological using a feasibility cohort study.

Childhood Sexual Trauma, Substance Use, and Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Among Older Adults Living With HIV: A Mediational Analysis.

Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is linked to substance use and lower antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence. However, studies examining the mediational role of substance use between CSA and ART adherence are lacking. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the potential mediational role of substance use between CSA and ART adherence among older adults living with HIV (OALH) ( = 91).

Canadian Association of Radiologists Statement on Planetary Health Education in Radiology.

The health of Canadians is already impacted by climate change due to wildfire smoke, heat domes, floods, droughts, and the changing distribution of vector borne disease. The healthcare sector contributes to climate change, accounting for approximately 4.6% of annual greenhouse gas emissions in Canada.

Disparities in healthcare costs of people experiencing homelessness in Toronto, Canada in the post COVID-19 pandemic era: a matched cohort study.

Background: Evidence is limited about healthcare cost disparities associated with homelessness, particularly in recent years after major policy and resource changes affecting people experiencing homelessness occurred after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. We estimated 1-year healthcare expenditures, overall and by type of service, among a representative sample of people experiencing homelessness in Toronto, Canada, in 2021 and 2022, and compared these to costs among matched housed and low-income housed individuals.

Methods: Data from individuals experiencing homelessness participating in the Ku-gaa-gii pimitizi-win cohort study were linked with Ontario health administrative databases.

Identification and biophysical characterization of epitope atlas of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus.

Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) have been a critical threat to swine health since 1987 due to its high mutation rate and substantial economic loss over half a billion dollar in USA. The rapid mutation rate of PRRSV presents a significant challenge in developing an effective vaccine. Even though surveillance and intervention studies have recently (2019) unveiled utilization of PRRSV glycoprotein 5 (GP5; encoded by gene) to induce immunogenic reaction and production of neutralizing antibodies in porcine populations, the future viral generations can accrue escape mutations.

Toward Gaussian Process Regression Modeling of a Urea Force Field.

FFLUX is a next-generation, machine-learnt force field built on three cornerstones: quantum chemical topology, Gaussian process regression, and (high-rank) multipolar electrostatics. It is capable of performing molecular dynamics with near-quantum accuracy at a lower computational cost than standard molecular dynamics. Previous work with FFLUX was concerned with water and formamide.

Spatial colocalization and combined survival benefit of natural killer and CD8 T cells despite profound MHC class I loss in non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) loss is frequent in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) rendering tumor cells resistant to T cell lysis. NK cells kill MHC-I-deficient tumor cells, and although previous work indicated their presence at NSCLC margins, they were functionally impaired. Within, we evaluated whether NK cell and CD8 T cell infiltration and activation vary with MHC-I expression.

Outcomes with non-small cell lung cancer and brain-only metastasis.

Background: We evaluated outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who presented with brain-only metastatic (BOM) disease overall and by EGFR/ALK mutation status.

Methods: We analyzed clinico-demographic, treatment and survival data for all NSCLC patients who presented to our center between 2014 and 2016 with BOM as their first presentation of metastatic disease. Differences in overall survival (OS) were evaluated using log-rank tests for NSCLC wildtype (NSCLCwt NSCLC with an ALK-rearrangement/EGFR-mutation (NSCLCmut+).

The role of cardiac acoustic biomarkers in monitoring patients with heart failure: A systematic literature review.

Heart failure (HF) creates a considerable clinical, humanistic and economic burden on patients and caregivers as well as on healthcare systems. To attenuate the significant burden of HF, there is a need for enhanced management of patients with HF. The use of digital tools for remote non-invasive monitoring of heart parameters is gaining traction, and cardiac acoustic biomarkers (CABs) have been proposed as a complementary set of measures to assess heart function alongside traditional methods such as electrocardiogram and echocardiography.

Barriers, facilitators, and other factors associated with health behaviors in childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancer survivors: A systematic review.

Background: Healthy behaviors are paramount in preventing long-term adverse health outcomes in childhood, adolescent, and young adult (CAYA) cancer survivors. We systematically reviewed and synthesized existing literature on barriers, facilitators, and other factors associated with health behaviors in this population.

Methods: MEDLINE and PsycInfo were searched for qualitative and quantitative studies including survivors aged 16-50 years at study, a cancer diagnosis ≤25 years and ≥2 years post diagnosis.