Pulmonary Consequences of Surgical Treatment in Children's Primary Lung Tumors: A National Retrospective Study.

Background And Aims: Primary lung tumors (PLTs) in children are rare, and surgery remains the key to ensure remission. Here we describe the PLTs clinical characteristics, their management, and the pulmonary outcome following surgery.

Methods: We carried out a French national cohort of pediatric PLTs from 2013 to 2023 from the FRACTURE rare pediatric tumors national database.

The severity of the first occurrence of bronchiolitis increased the risk of developing asthma symptoms.

Aim: The relationship between bronchiolitis and asthma is complex. We assessed whether patients admitted to a paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) with bronchiolitis had a greater risk of developing asthma than patients admitted to a paediatric ward.

Methods: We retrospectively included children under 1 year of age, who were hospitalised for bronchiolitis for the first time at the University Hospital of Caen, France, between 2010 and 2014.

Evaluation of a video training program's impact on primary teachers' knowledge of allergies and skills in using an adrenaline autoinjector during the 2021-2022 school year.

Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the impact of a video training program (VTP) on primary school teachers' skills in using an adrenaline auto-injector (AAI), in correlation with knowledge regarding allergies, in cases of anaphylaxis.

Methods: A questionnaire on teachers' knowledge of allergies and on their level of confidence in using an AAI was distributed in primary schools in the French department of Manche (2173 teachers). A VTP followed this questionnaire.

COBRAPed cohort: Do sensitization patterns differentiate children with severe asthma from those with a milder disease?

Background: It is unclear whether sensitization patterns differentiate children with severe recurrent wheeze (SRW)/severe asthma (SA) from those with non-severe recurrent wheeze (NSRW)/non-severe asthma (NSA). Our objective was to determine whether sensitization patterns can discriminate between children from the French COBRAPed cohort with NSRW/NSA and those with SRW/SA.

Methods: IgE to 112 components (c-sIgE) (ImmunoCAP® ISAC) were analyzed in 125 preschools (3-6 years) and 170 school-age children (7-12 years).

Characteristics of respiratory viruses' circulation through a six-year period (2016-2022) in a pediatric population in Normandy, France, and the impact of COVID-19 pandemic.

The report highlights an epidemiological change in the circulation of respiratory viruses in pediatric populations due to strategies adopted against COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19 has resulted in a significant increase in requests for multiplex respiratory research to identify the virus responsible for the symptoms. The diagnostic needs have increased, and the number of samples analyzed in 2021-2022 is equal to the samples analyzed over the four epidemic periods preceding the pandemic.

Prevalence and factors associated with active cybersexuality among teenagers between 15 and 17 years old: a cross sectional study in Normandy, France.

Objective: Teenagers use the Internet to obtain and exchange information in multiple fields, including about taboo subjects such as sexuality. Our objectives were to determine the prevalence and vulnerability factors related to active cybersexuality among teenagers aged between 15 and 17 years in western Normandy.

Material And Methods: This was an observational, cross-sectional, multicenter study integrated into sexual education classes for teenagers between 15 and 17 years old.

Long-term evolution of neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy: the FRENCHI findings.

Only few studies report long-term evolution of patients with neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy (NEHI). We report data from a 54-patient cohort followed up in the French network for rare respiratory diseases (RespiRare). Demographic characteristics and respiratory and nutritional evolution were collected at the time of the patient's last scheduled visit.

Assisted migration is plausible for a boreal tree species under climate change: A quantitative and population genetics study of trembling aspen ( Michx.) in western Canada.

A novel method was tested for improving tree breeding strategies that integrate quantitative and population genetics based on range-wide reciprocal transplant experiments. Five reciprocal common garden tests of were investigated including 6450 trees across western Canada focusing on adaptation traits and growth. Both genetic parameters and home-site transplant models were evaluated.

Variant Calling from RNA-seq Data Using the GATK Joint Genotyping Workflow.

The Genome Analysis Toolkit (GATK) developed at the Broad Institute provides state-of-the-art pipelines for germline and somatic variant discovery and genotyping. Unfortunately, the fully validated GATK pipeline for calling variant on RNAseq data is a Per-sample workflow that does not include the recent improvements seen in modern workflows, especially the possibility to perform joint genotyping analysis. Here, we describe how modern GATK commands from distinct workflows can be combined to call variants on RNAseq samples.

French national cohort of neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy (FRENCHI) study: diagnosis and initial management.

Unlabelled: Early diagnosis of neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy (NEHI) is crucial as, conversely to the other causes of intersititial lung disease, corticosteroids are not recommended. Diagnosis is historically based on lung biopsy (NEHI), but in current practice, a clinical and radiological approach is more and more preferred (NEHI syndrome). This national study aimed to address diagnosis and initial management of patients followed up for a NEHI pattern in pediatric centers for rare lung diseases (RespiRare, France).

In vivo electrophysiological study of the targeting of 5-HT receptor-expressing cortical interneurons by the multimodal antidepressant, vortioxetine.

The antidepressant vortioxetine has high affinity for the ionotropic 5-HT receptor (5-HT R) as well as other targets including the 5-HT transporter. The procognitive effects of vortioxetine have been linked to altered excitatory:inhibitory balance in cortex. Thus, vortioxetine purportedly inhibits cortical 5-HT R-expressing interneurons (5-HT R-INs) to disinhibit excitatory pyramidal neurons.

[Mechanisms of resistance and escape to CAR-T cells].

CAR-T cells represent a new approach to anti-tumor cellular immunotherapy allowing to combine the recognition of tumor antigens on target cells and the activation, proliferation and cytotoxic capacity of T lymphocytes. Impressive clinical results have been obtained with CAR-T cells targeting the CD19 antigen in relapsing or refractory B cell malignant lymphomas or acute lymphoblastic leukemias, with complete response rates of 40 to 90%. However, 30 to 50% of responding patients in B malignancies will escape treatment secondarily, and the effectiveness of these approaches in solid tumors remains limited.

Exposure to inorganic particles in paediatric sarcoidosis: the PEDIASARC study.

Inorganic antigens may contribute to paediatric sarcoidosis. Thirty-six patients matched with 36 healthy controls as well as a group of 21 sickle-cell disease (SCD) controls answered an environmental questionnaire. Patients' indirect exposure to inorganic particles, through coresidents' occupations, was higher than in healthy and SCD controls (median score: 2.

Clinical course and cost assessment of infants with a first episode of acute bronchiolitis presenting to the emergency department: Data from the GUERANDE clinical trial.

Introduction: Bronchiolitis is the leading cause of hospitalization for infants but its economic burden is not well documented. Our objective was to describe the clinical evolution and to assess the 1-month cost of a first episode of acute bronchiolitis presenting to the emergency department (ED).

Methods: Our study was an epidemiologic analysis and a cost study of the cohort drawn from the clinical trial GUERANDE, conducted in 24 French pediatric EDs.

High Frequency of Viral Co-Detections in Acute Bronchiolitis.

Over two years (2012-2014), 719 nasopharyngeal samples were collected from 6-week- to 12-month-old infants presenting at the emergency department with moderate to severe acute bronchiolitis. Viral testing was performed, and we found that 98% of samples were positive, including 90% for respiratory syncytial virus, 34% for human rhino virus, and 55% for viral co-detections, with a predominance of RSV/HRV co-infections (30%). Interestingly, we found that the risk of being infected by HRV is higher in the absence of RSV, suggesting interferences or exclusion mechanisms between these two viruses.

Resistance determinants and their genetic context in enterobacteria from a longitudinal study of pigs reared under various husbandry conditions.

Pigs are major reservoirs of resistant that can reach humans through consumption of contaminated meat or vegetables grown in manure-fertilized soil. Samples were collected from sows during lactation and their piglets at five time points spanning the production cycle. Cefotaxime-resistant bacteria were quantified and isolated from feed, feces, manures and carcasses of pigs reared with penicillin-using or antibiotic-free husbandries.

Factors Associated with Asthma Severity in Children: Data from the French COBRAPed Cohort.

Background: Severe asthma (SA) in children is a complex, heterogeneous disease, associated with a considerable burden. However, factors influencing asthma severity are poorly described and may differ according to age.

Objective: To determine whether factors associated with asthma severity differ between preschoolers with severe recurrent wheeze (SRW) and school-age children with SA.

Child-Adult Transition in Sarcoidosis: A Series of 52 Patients.

(1) Background: Pediatric sarcoidosis is a rare and mostly severe disease. Very few pediatric series with a prolonged follow-up are reported. We aimed to evaluate the evolution of pediatric sarcoidosis in adulthood.

Evaluation of a new training program to reassure primary school teachers about glucagon injection in children with type 1 diabetes during the 2017-2018 school year.

Introduction: The prevalence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in children is increasing. Adequate knowledge and skills of primary school staff are required to deal with children affected by T1D. We aimed to evaluate a video training program (VTP) to improve the level of confidence of teachers in administering intramuscular glucagon injection during severe hypoglycemia.

Genetic counseling for cystic fibrosis: A basic model with new challenges.

While the goals of genetic counseling for cystic fibrosis - delivering relevant information on the risk of recurrence and nondirectional support of couples at risk in their reproductive choices - have not changed fundamentally, the practice has evolved considerably in the last decade, growing more complex to face new challenges but also proving more effective. Many factors have contributed to this evolution: technical progress in the exploration of the genome (new generation sequencing) and in reproductive medicine, but also societal developments promoting access to genetic information and the professionalization of genetic counselors in France. The prospect of expanded pre-conception screening of at-risk couples makes genetic counselors major actors not only in medical care centers, but also in modern society by contributing to genetic education among citizens.

Genetic parameters of growth and adaptive traits in aspen (Populus tremuloides): Implications for tree breeding in a warming world.

Aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx) is a widespread commercial forest tree of high economic importance in western Canada and has been subject to tree improvement efforts over the past two decades. Such improvement programs rely on accurate estimates of the genetic gain in growth traits and correlated response in adaptive traits that are important for forest health. Here, we estimated genetic parameters in 10 progeny trials containing >30,000 trees with pedigree structures based on a partial factorial mating design that includes 60 half-sibs, 100 full-sib families and 1,400 clonally replicated genotypes.

A 1-Year Prospective French Nationwide Study of Emergency Hospital Admissions in Children and Adults with Primary Immunodeficiency.

Purpose: Patients with primary immunodeficiency (PID) are at risk of serious complications. However, data on the incidence and causes of emergency hospital admissions are scarce. The primary objective of the present study was to describe emergency hospital admissions among patients with PID, with a view to identifying "at-risk" patient profiles.