Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of the 18-Items Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale (Form B) in a Portuguese Sample of People Aged 60 and Over.

The aim of the study is to assess the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the 18-items Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale (Form B) in a Portuguese sample of people aged 60 and over. Background: The 18-item Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale (Form B) is an instrument for assessing dysfunctional attitudes and can be useful as a predictor of depression for both initial episodes and relapses Methods: This was a one-stage cross-sectional survey of Portuguese-speaking people aged 60 years and over, able to read and write, functionally autonomous, and living in the community in their usual residences. The instrument was evaluated for its psychometric properties.

Psychotherapeutic interventions for depressive symptoms in older adults in a community setting: a systematic review protocol.

Unlabelled: Depression is a prevalent illness among the elderly, so psychotherapeutic interventions are needed to promote health and quality of life. This literature review aims to identify trials of any psychotherapeutic interventions aimed at reducing depressive symptoms in older adults. A systematic literature review with a meta-analysis will be carried out.

Remission with or without comorbid substance use disorders in early psychosis: long-term outcome in integrated care (ACCESS III study).

Introduction: Schizophrenia-Spectrum-Disorders are associated with poor long-term outcome as well as disability and often severely affect the lives of patients and their families often from symptom onset. Up to 70% of first episode psychosis (FEP) patients suffer from comorbid substance use disorders (SUD). We aimed at studying the course of illness in FEP patients within evidence-based care, with and without comorbid SUD, to examine how decreased, remitted or persistent substance use impacted rates of a combined symptomatic and functional long-term recovery compared with patients without SUD.

Efficacy and moderators of metacognitive training for depression in older adults (MCT-Silver): A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Up to 79 % of older adults with depression do not receive treatments commensurate with guideline recommendations. Metacognitive Training-Silver (MCT-Silver) is a low-intensity group training, which aims to reduce depressive symptoms by targeting (meta)cognitive beliefs.

Methods: A randomized controlled trial comparing MCT-Silver (n = 41) to cognitive remediation (n = 39) was conducted with older adults with major depressive disorder and/or dysthymia.

Negative cognitive beliefs, positive metacognitive beliefs, and rumination as mediators of metacognitive training for depression in older adults (MCT-Silver).

Background: Metacognitive Training for Depression in older adults (MCT-Silver; www.uke.de/mct-silver) is a cognitive-behavioral based group intervention that aims at reducing depression by targeting (meta)cognitive beliefs and rumination.

In the eyes of the beholders: Subjective experiences of positive symptoms among patients with symptoms of psychosis seeking psychotherapy.

Background: Reduction of positive symptoms is often the focus of psychiatric treatment for patients with psychosis; however, it is becoming increasingly clear that some patients experience ambivalence towards positive symptoms or may even experience them as pleasant. The present study extends upon work from online studies of patients without verified diagnoses. The first aim was to examine the frequency with which patients report negative, neutral or even positive appraisals of positive symptoms.

Accuracy, interpretability and usability study of a wireless self-guided fetal heartbeat monitor compared to cardiotocography.

Fetal Cardiography is usually performed using in-hospital Cardiotocographic (CTG) devices to assess fetal wellbeing. New technologies may permit home-based, self-administered examinations. We compared the accuracy, clinical interpretability, and user experience of a patient-administered, wireless, fetal heartbeat monitor (HBM) designed for home use, to CTG.

Depression in older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review protocol.

Introduction: Depression is a common mental disorder and is a major cause of years lived with disability. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an increase in the prevalence of depression worldwide. Our aim is to identify and synthesise the determinants of depression, the diagnostic assessment tools used to evaluate depression, and the interventions carried out since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in the population aged 60 and older.

Accuracy, Clinical Utility, and Usability of a Wireless Self-Guided Fetal Heart Rate Monitor.

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy, clinical utility, and usability of a wireless fetal and maternal heartbeat monitor to monitor fetal heart rate (FHR).

Methods: We conducted a prospective, single-center study of a convenience sample of women aged 18 years or older with a singleton pregnancy of at least 12 weeks of gestation. Fetal heart rate recordings were performed using both the heartbeat monitor and cardiotocography to evaluate accuracy.

Assessment of Adult ADHD in Clinical Practice: Four Letters-40 Opinions.

Despite guidelines providing detailed recommendations for the assessment of ADHD in adults and increasing clinician awareness of the persistence of ADHD into adulthood, ADHD remains under diagnosed in many countries. A survey of 178 clinicians who regularly perform assessments for adult ADHD was conducted between February 2015 and 2016 to identify possible causes of underdiagnosis related to assessment practices. There was a lack of consensus among clinicians regarding which symptoms are relevant to adult ADHD.

Post-psychotic depression: Paranoia and the damage done.

To mitigate the often chronic course of schizophrenia and improve functional outcome, researchers are increasingly interested in prodromal states and psychological risk factors that may predict the outbreak of psychotic symptoms, but are also amenable to change. In recent years, depressive symptoms have been proposed as precursors of psychosis and some interventional studies indicate that the amelioration of depressive symptoms and depression-related thinking styles (e.g.

Evaluation of a brief unguided psychological online intervention for depression: A controlled trial including exploratory moderator analyses.

Background: Psychological online interventions (POIs) reduce depression but we know little about factors influencing their effectiveness. We evaluated a new, brief POI for depression and conducted exploratory moderator analyses.

Methods: In this online trial (German Clinical Trials Register; DRKS00011045), we allocated participants to treatment as usual (TAU;  = 67) or POI ( = 65).

Metacognitive Training for Depression (D-MCT) reduces false memories in depression. A randomized controlled trial.

Metacognitive Training for Depression (D-MCT) is a highly standardized group program targeted at depression-related ("Beckian") emotional as well as cognitive biases, including mood-congruent and false memory. While prior results are promising with respect to psychopathological outcomes (depression), it is unclear whether D-MCT also meets its goal of improving cognitive biases, such as false memories. In the framework of a randomized controlled trial (registered trial, DRKS00007907), we investigated whether D-MCT is superior to an active control condition (health training, HT) in reducing the susceptibility of depressed patients for false memories.

Bridging the "digital divide": A comparison of use and effectiveness of an online intervention for depression between Baby Boomers and Millennials.

Background: Psychological online interventions (POIs) for depression have demonstrated promising effects. However, there are fewer randomized controlled studies on POIs among older adults with depression. The goal of the present study was to compare the use and efficacy of Deprexis, an online intervention for depression, among Millennials (18-35 years) and Baby Boomers (50-65 years).

We cannot change the past, but we can change its meaning. A randomized controlled trial on the effects of self-help imagery rescripting on depression.

Background: Imagery rescripting is a psychotherapeutic technique that aims to ameliorate negative emotions by altering (i.e., rescripting) inner representations of negative memories and images.

Association Splitting: A randomized controlled trial of a new method to reduce craving among inpatients with alcohol dependence.

Association Splitting, a novel cognitive intervention, was tested in patients with alcohol dependence as an add-on intervention in an initial randomized controlled trial. Preliminary support for Association Splitting has been found in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder, as well as in an online pilot study of patients with alcohol use disorders. The present variant sought to reduce craving by strengthening neutral associations with alcohol-related stimuli, thus, altering cognitive networks.

Investigating the efficacy of an individualized metacognitive therapy program (MCT+) for psychosis: study protocol of a multi-center randomized controlled trial.

Background: Psychological interventions are increasingly recommended as adjunctive treatments for psychosis, but their implementation in clinical practice is still insufficient. The individualized metacognitive therapy program (MCT+; www.uke.

Predictors of Retest Effects in a Longitudinal Study of Cognitive Aging in a Diverse Community-Based Sample.

Better performance due to repeated testing can bias long-term trajectories of cognitive aging and correlates of change. We examined whether retest effects differ as a function of individual differences pertinent to cognitive aging: race/ethnicity, age, sex, language, years of education, literacy, and dementia risk factors including apolipoprotein E ε4 status, baseline cognitive performance, and cardiovascular risk. We used data from the Washington Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project, a community-based cohort of older adults (n=4073).

Dopamine effects on evidence gathering and integration.

Background: Disturbances in evidence gathering and disconfirmatory evidence integration have been associated with the presence of or propensity for delusions. Previous evidence suggests that these 2 types of reasoning bias might be differentially affected by antipsychotic medication. We aimed to investigate the effects of a dopaminergic agonist (L-dopa) and a dopaminergic antagonist (haloperidol) on evidence gathering and disconfirmatory evidence integration after single-dose administration in healthy individuals.