Hyperhomocysteinemia Causing Vascular Occlusion and Complicated by Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia and Gastrointestinal Bleed.

Homocysteine, an intermediate amino acid, is involved in methionine metabolism, which is crucial for various physiological pathways, including protein synthesis and DNA methylation. Elevated levels of homocysteine have been implicated as both a modifiable and unmodifiable risk factor in cardiovascular disease, influencing atherosclerotic disease formation and hypercoagulability. Mechanisms linking elevated homocysteine levels to vascular occlusion involve endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and enhanced thrombotic potential.