Variance component estimation and genome-wide association of predicted methane production in crossbred beef steers.

Enteric methane is a potent greenhouse gas and represents an escape of energy from the ruminant digestive system. Additive genetic variation in methane production suggests that genetic selection offers an opportunity to diminish enteric methane emissions. Logistic and monetary difficulties in directly measuring methane emissions can make genetic evaluation on an indicator trait such as predicted methane production a more appealing option, and inclusion of genotyping data can result in greater genetic progress.

[Psychiatric Emergency Admissions and Inpatient Length of Stay Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Germany].

Objective: The impact of the COVID-19 year on the number of daily psychiatric emergency admissions and length of stay was compared with previous years.

Methods: In a retrospective study, the four quarters of 2020 of several psychiatric hospitals in Germany were statistically compared with the respective quarters of 2018 and 2019.

Results: A total of 73,412 cases was analyzed.

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on involuntary and urgent inpatient admissions for psychiatric disorders in a German-wide hospital network.

The impact of COVID-19 on urgent and involuntary inpatient admissions, as well as coercive measures, has not been assessed so far. A retrospective study was performed analyzing claims data for inpatient psychiatric admissions between 2018 and 2020 (total n = 64,502) from a large German Hospital network. Whilst the total number of urgent admissions decreased in 2020 (12,383) as compared to 2019 (13,493) and 2018 (13,469), a significant increase in the percentage of urgent admissions was observed in 2020 (62.

Emergency hospital admissions for psychiatric disorders in a German-wide hospital network during the COVID-19 outbreak.

Purpose: Psychiatric emergency hospital admissions for distinct psychiatric disorders and length of inpatient stay in the hospital during the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak have not been thoroughly assessed.

Methods: A retrospective study was performed analyzing claims data from a large German Hospital network during the COVID-19 outbreak (study period: March 13-May 21, 2020) as compared to periods directly before the outbreak (same year control: January 1-March 12, 2020) and one year earlier (previous year control: March 13-May 21, 2019).

Results: A total of 13,151 emergency hospital admissions for psychiatric diagnoses were included in the analysis.

Characterization of water intake and water efficiency in beef cattle1,2.

In the future, water may not be as readily available due to increases in competition from a growing human population, wildlife, and other agricultural sectors, making selection for water efficiency of beef cattle increasingly important. Substantial selection emphasis has recently been placed on feed efficiency in an effort to reduce production costs, but no emphasis has been placed on making cattle more water efficient due to lack of data. Thus, the objective of this study was to calculate water efficiency metrics for cattle and evaluate their relationship to growth, feed intake (FI), and feed efficiency.

Environmental effects on water intake and water intake prediction in growing beef cattle.

Water is an essential nutrient, but there are few recent studies that evaluate how much water individual beef cattle consume and how environmental factors affect an individual's water intake (WI). Most studies have focused on WI of whole pens rather than WI of individual animals. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of environmental parameters on individual-animal WI across different seasons and develop prediction equations to estimate WI, including within different environments and management protocols.

Test duration for water intake, ADG, and DMI in beef cattle.

Water is an essential nutrient, but the effect it has on performance generally receives little attention. There are few systems and guidelines for collection of water intake (WI) phenotypes in beef cattle, which makes large-scale research on WI a challenge. The Beef Improvement Federation has established guidelines for feed intake (FI) and ADG tests, but no guidelines exist for WI.

Technical note: Validation of an automated system for monitoring and restricting water intake in group-housed beef steers.

The Insentec Roughage Intake Control (RIC) system has been validated for the collection of water intake; however, this system has not been validated for water restriction. The objective of this validation was to evaluate the agreement between direct observations and automated intakes collected by the RIC system under both ad libitum and restricted water conditions. A total of 239 crossbred steers were used in a 3-d validation trial, which assessed intake values generated by the RIC electronic intake monitoring system for both ad libitum water intake ( = 122; BASE) and restricted water intake ( = 117; RES).

Psychological and neuroendocrine responses to social stress and to the administration of the alpha-2-receptor antagonist, yohimbine, in highly trained endurance athletes in comparison to untrained healthy controls.

Introduction: Several clinical studies suggest antidepressive and anxiolytic effects of regular endurance training. The mechanisms by which exercise exerts these effects are still unclear. It was hypothesized that athletes might show a diminished reaction to psychosocial stress and noradrenergic stimulation.

A randomized, controlled trial of aerobic exercise in combination with paroxetine in the treatment of panic disorder.

Objectives: Regular aerobic exercise (running) has been shown to be superior to a pill placebo in the treatment of panic disorder. Combined drug and exercise treatment has not been investigated in randomized controlled studies to date.

Methods: This is a randomized, 10-week, controlled, parallel group, pilot study.

Nocturnal urinary cortisol excretion over a randomized controlled trial with paroxetine vs. placebo combined with relaxation training or aerobic exercise in panic disorder.

Introduction: Data on basal hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenomedullary (HPA) function over controlled treatment trials with serotonergic drugs in anxiety disorders are still rare.

Methods: 29 patients with panic disorder participating in a 10 week randomized, controlled trial (paroxetine vs. placebo with exercise or relaxation; N=60) collected urine for cortisol excretion over 3 consecutive nights before start and before termination of the treatment episode.

Quetiapine addition to serotonin reuptake inhibitors in patients with severe obsessive-compulsive disorder: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study.

Objective: Although many patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) benefit from treatment with serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs), it is estimated that 40% to 60% of them do not respond. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of quetiapine added to baseline treatment with SRIs for the treatment of OCD in severely ill adult subjects.

Method: Forty patients (21 men, 19 women) with primary OCD according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition criteria participated in a 12-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

[Physical training in the treatment of depressive disorders].

Therapeutic exercise programs have become an obligatory component in the modern treatment of many internal and orthopaedic conditions. In the field of psychiatry, the interaction of physical fitness and mental well-being has been increasingly recognized. In the meanwhile, solid evidence has emerged that regular exercise is associated with therapeutic effects in psychiatric patients suffering from depressive and possibly other psychiatric disorders.

[Psychiatric expert opinion in case of early retirement--how reliable?].

The study provides first data on reliability of expert psychiatric opinion under regulations of the German state run pension scheme. 22 experienced psychiatrists judged very heterogeneously on a hypothetical case suffering from recurrent depression of moderate severity. Diagnosis according to ICD-10 led to six different diagnoses.

Onset and maintenance of psychiatric disorders after serious accidents.

The purpose of this study was to prospectively investigate the onset, course, and remission of psychiatric disorders in the first 6 months after a serious accident for consecutive patients in a hospital emergency department. Participants were 58 patients aged 18-65 who were assessed shortly after attending a hospital emergency department and were followed up 6 months afterwards. Patients were interviewed with regard to past and current psychiatric history using different instruments (e.

The reliability and validity of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) in a German general practice population sample.

Objective: Our goal was to analyze the retest reliability and validity of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) in a primary-care setting and recommend a cut-off value for the different alcohol-related diagnoses.

Method: Participants recruited from general practices (GPs) in two northern German cities received the AUDIT, which was embedded in a health-risk questionnaire. In total, 10,803 screenings were conducted.

Panic disorder during pregnancy and postpartum period.

Background: Earlier studies on the influence of pregnancy and postpartum period on the course of panic disorder have been inconsistent. The present study aims to quantify panic manifestations in these periods in large sample of women.

Method: Panic manifestations, including exacerbations and new manifestations of panic disorder, were assessed retrospectively in a sample of 128 women with panic disorder with or without agoraphobia, 93 of whom had had 195 pregnancies.

[Physical training in the treatment of psychological disorders].

Numerous studies in healthy volunteers have demonstrated positive psychological effects of regular aerobic exercise, such as reduction of anxiety or depressive symptoms, in crease of self-esteem and improved stress management. There is also solid evidence that regular exercise is associated with therapeutic effects in psychiatric patients suffering from depressive and possibly other psychiatric disorders. The present article reviews the relevant literature and summarizes neurobiological effects of exercise, which might play a role in the effectiveness of therapeutic exercise.