Research networking and the role of the medical librarian.

Medical librarians work collaboratively across all units and missions of academic medical centers. One area where librarians can provide key expertise is in the building and maintenance of Research Information Management Systems (RIMS). At Penn State, the RIMS implementation team has included a medical librarian, research administrators and marketing staff from the College of Medicine (CoM) since its inception in 2016.

How Does a Junior Faculty Development Program Affect Burnout? A Mixed Methods Assessment.

Objectives: Burnout is common among junior faculty. Professional development has been proposed as a method to improve engagement and reduce burnout among academic physicians. The Penn State College of Medicine Junior Faculty Development Program (JFDP) is a well-established, interdisciplinary program.

Prediction and Prevention of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Its Sequelae by Administering Metformin in the Early Weeks of Pregnancy.

Diabetes mellitus in recent years has become a relentlessly evolving pandemic. Measures for the screening and early detection of diabetes are practiced all around the world. However, considering the ever-increasing magnitude of the problem, the present efforts should especially focus on the primordial prevention of diabetes.

Discrete Correlation Summation Clustering Reveals Differential Regulation of Liver Metabolism by Thrombospondin-1 in Low-Fat and High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice.

Thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) is a matricellular protein with many important roles in mediating carcinogenesis, fibrosis, leukocyte recruitment, and metabolism. We have previously shown a role of diet in the absence of TSP1 in liver metabolism in the context of a colorectal cancer model. However, the metabolic implications of TSP1 regulation by diet in the liver metabolism are currently understudied.

The use of emotional intelligence skills in combating burnout among residency and fellowship program directors.

Background: Current rates of burnout among physicians are alarming when compared to nonphysician U.S. workers, and numerous interventions have been introduced to mitigate the issue.

Association of telomere length with diabetes mellitus and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy in a South Indian population: A pilot study.

Telomere shortening has been associated with ageing and with many age-related diseases including cancer, coronary artery disease, heart failure and diabetes. We sought to investigate the link between telomere shortening and age-related diseases like type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) (without any complications: DM; with neuropathic complication: DN) and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDCM) in south Indian population. We compared telomere lengths of blood lymphocytes taken from patients with associated age-related diseases, namely DM (n = 47), DN (n = 52) and IDCM (n = 34) and controls (n = 46).

Metabolic Implications of Immune Checkpoint Proteins in Cancer.

Expression of immune checkpoint proteins restrict immunosurveillance in the tumor microenvironment; thus, FDA-approved checkpoint inhibitor drugs, specifically PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 inhibitors, promote a cytotoxic antitumor immune response. Aside from inflammatory signaling, immune checkpoint proteins invoke metabolic reprogramming that affects immune cell function, autonomous cancer cell bioenergetics, and patient response. Therefore, this review will focus on the metabolic alterations in immune and cancer cells regulated by currently approved immune checkpoint target proteins and the effect of costimulatory receptor signaling on immunometabolism.

Diagnosing Gestational Diabetes by a Single-Test Procedure Is a Propitious Step Towards Containing the Epidemic of Diabetes.

In recent years, diabetes has evolved into a non-communicable disease pandemic with data showing that one out of ten adults in the world have diabetes. Among various factors that contribute to this rising trend in diabetes, one factor that is of paramount importance is gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Maternal hyperglycemia sets off a vicious cycle that affects not only the mother and her child but also the generations to come.

Transgenerational Transmission of Non-communicable Diseases: How to Break the Vicious Cycle?

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) like diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases are major causes of morbidity and mortality all over the world. In recent decades, NCDs are sweeping steadily across the globe much like a silent yet devastating pandemic. Among other factors, the rising trend in diabetes and related NCDs is also linked to hyperglycemia in pregnancy (HIP).

Diet Alters Entero-Mammary Signaling to Regulate the Breast Microbiome and Tumorigenesis.

Obesity and poor diet often go hand-in-hand, altering metabolic signaling and thereby impacting breast cancer risk and outcomes. We have recently demonstrated that dietary patterns modulate mammary microbiota populations. An important and largely open question is whether the microbiome of the gut and mammary gland mediates the dietary effects on breast cancer.

Functions of Thrombospondin-1 in the Tumor Microenvironment.

The identification of thrombospondin-1 as an angiogenesis inhibitor in 1990 prompted interest in its role in cancer biology and potential as a therapeutic target. Decreased thrombospondin-1 mRNA and protein expression are associated with progression in several cancers, while expression by nonmalignant cells in the tumor microenvironment and circulating levels in cancer patients can be elevated. is not a tumor suppressor gene, but the regulation of its expression in malignant cells by oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes mediates some of their effects on carcinogenesis, tumor progression, and metastasis.

Colon volvulus in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) at the Oregon National Primate Research Center-Retrospective analysis.

Colonic volvulus is an uncommon, often life-threatening condition, in non-human primates. Twenty-six cases of colonic volvulus in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) were identified in necropsy records spanning 38 years at the Oregon National Primate Research Center (ONPRC). This report represents the largest collection of colonic volvuli in rhesus macaques.

Team Triage Intervention, Including Licensed Practical Nurse, to Increase HIV Testing Rates in the Emergency Department: A Quality Improvement Project.

Introduction: Emergency departments have an important role in screening for human immunodeficiency virus infection and reducing the morbidity, mortality, and transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus. There are debates about human immunodeficiency virus screening, including opt-in, opt-out, and active choice models. Previous studies have shown that multiple factors affect the patient rate of acceptance, including where, when, and by whom the screening is offered.

Risk Factors Associated with Linkage to Care among Suburban Hepatitis C-Positive Baby Boomers and Injection Drug Users.

Introduction: Suffolk County, located in Eastern Long Island, has been an epicenter for the opioid epidemic in New York State, yet no studies have examined hepatitis C virus (HCV) prevalence in this population. Additionally, few studies have assessed barriers for linkage to care (LTC) to HCV treatment in people who inject drugs (PWID), a high-risk HCV cohort. We aimed to determine prevalence of HCV infection in a suburban medical center and to assess risk factors associated with LTC in HCV-positive baby boomers and young PWID.

Sex-Specific Neurodevelopmental Programming by Placental Insulin Receptors on Stress Reactivity and Sensorimotor Gating.

Background: Diabetes, obesity, and overweight are prevalent pregnancy complications that predispose offspring to neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and schizophrenia. Although male individuals are three to four times more likely than female individuals to develop these disorders, the mechanisms driving the sex specificity of disease vulnerability remain unclear. Because defective placental insulin receptor (InsR) signaling is a hallmark of pregnancy metabolic dysfunction, we hypothesized that it may be an important contributor and novel mechanistic link to sex-specific neurodevelopmental changes underlying disease risk.

Podocyte-specific chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 2 overexpression mediates diabetic renal injury in mice.

Inflammation is a central pathophysiologic mechanism that contributes to diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy. Recently, we showed that macrophages directly contribute to diabetic renal injury and that pharmacological blockade or genetic deficiency of chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 2 (CCR2) confers kidney protection in diabetic nephropathy. However, the direct role of CCR2 in kidney-derived cells such as podocytes in diabetic nephropathy remains unclear.

Autonomy support environment and autonomous motivation on nursing student academic performance: An exploratory analysis.

Background: In the U.S., enrollment and graduation rates of baccalaureate nursing programs are slowly increasing.

Hospital preference of laparoscopic versus open appendectomy: Effects on outcomes in simple and complicated appendicitis.

Purpose: We hypothesize that laparoscopic (LA) or open appendectomy (OA) outcomes are associated with hospital procedure preference.

Methods: We queried Kids' Inpatient Database (1997-2009) for simple (ICD-9-CM 540.9) and complicated (540.

Maternal immune activation alters glutamic acid decarboxylase-67 expression in the brains of adult rat offspring.

Activation of the maternal innate immune system, termed "maternal immune activation" (MIA), represents a common environmental risk factor for schizophrenia. Whereas evidence suggests dysregulation of GABA systems may underlie the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, a role for MIA in alteration of GABAergic systems is less clear. Here, pregnant rats received either the viral mimetic polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidilic acid or vehicle injection on gestational day 14.

Changes in Maximal Strength, Velocity, and Power After 8 Weeks of Training With Pneumatic or Free Weight Resistance.

Because free weight (FW) and pneumatic (PN) resistance are characterized by different inertial properties, training with either resistance could afford unique strength, velocity, and power adaptations. Eighteen resistance-trained men completed baseline tests to determine their FW and PN bench press 1 repetition maximum (1RM). During the FW session, 4 explosive repetitions were performed at loads of 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90% 1RM to assess force, velocity, and power.

Report from AmSECT's International Consortium for Evidence- Based Perfusion Consensus Statement: Minimal Criteria for Reporting Cardiopulmonary Bypass-Related Contributions to Red Blood Cell Transfusions Associated With Adult Cardiac Surgery.

Gaps remain in our understanding of the contribution of bypass-related practices associated with red blood cell (RBC) transfusions after cardiac surgery. Variability exists in the reporting of bypass-related practices in the peer-reviewed literature. In an effort to create uniformity in reporting, a draft statement outlining proposed minimal criteria for reporting cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB)- related contributions (i.