Time evolution of a pumped molecular magnet-A time-resolved inelastic neutron scattering study.

Introducing an experimental technique of time-resolved inelastic neutron scattering (TRINS), we explore the time-dependent effects of resonant pulsed microwaves on the molecular magnet CrFPiv. The octagonal rings of magnetic Cr atoms with antiferromagnetic interactions form a singlet ground state with a weakly split triplet of excitations at 0.8 meV.

Detecting host responses to microbial stimulation using primary epithelial organoids.

The intestinal epithelium is constantly exposed to microbes residing in the lumen. Traditionally, the response to microbial interactions has been studied in cell lines derived from cancerous tissues, e.g.

Geometrical frustration versus Kitaev interactions in BaCo(AsO).

Recently, Co-based honeycomb magnets have been proposed as promising candidate materials to host the Kitaev spin liquid (KSL) state. One of the front-runners is BaCo(AsO) (BCAO), where it was suggested that the exchange processes between Co ions via the surrounding edge-sharing oxygen octahedra could give rise to bond-dependent Kitaev interactions. In this work, we present and analyze a comprehensive inelastic neutron scattering (INS) study of BCAO with fields in the honeycomb plane.

"Ditch the white coats": What LGBTQ+ patients prefer in their primary care provider.

Background: Health disparities in lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and other sexual and gender minority (LGBTQ+) individuals are well documented, and there is a dearth of primary care providers (PCPs) with the knowledge, skills, and attitudes to sensitively care for this diverse population.

Purpose: The purpose of this research study was to ask LGBTQ+ patients what qualities they prefer in their PCP. The findings will be used to better prepare nurse practitioners (NPs) to care for this diverse community and inform the training of future NPs to provide patient-centered care to LGBTQ+ individuals.

A flexible neutron spectrometer concept with a new ultra-high field steady-state vertical-bore magnet.

The proposed facility explores materials under ultra-high magnetic fields. By combining the power of high fields to tune materials and of neutron scattering to probe the resulting changes down to the atomic scale, this facility will enable transformative progress in the study of quantum materials and is named for the "TITAN" subset of Greek gods to reflect this transformation. TITAN will offer DC magnetic fields up to at least 20 T.

A magnetic continuum in the cobalt-based honeycomb magnet BaCo(AsO).

Quantum spin liquids (QSLs) are topologically ordered states of matter that host fractionalized excitations. A particular route towards a QSL is via strongly bond-dependent interactions on the hexagonal lattice. A number of Ru- and Ir-based candidate Kitaev QSL materials have been pursued, but all have appreciable non-Kitaev interactions.

Synbiotic Intervention with Lactobacilli, Bifidobacteria, and Inulin in Healthy Volunteers Increases the Abundance of Bifidobacteria but Does Not Alter Microbial Diversity.

Synbiotics combine probiotics and prebiotics and are being investigated for potential health benefits. In this single-group-design trial, we analyzed changes in the gut microbiome, stool quality, and gastrointestinal well-being in 15 healthy volunteers after a synbiotic intervention comprising Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus (LGG), Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA-5), Lacticaseibacillus paracasei subsp. (L.

No Effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG on Eradication of Colonization by Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium or Microbiome Diversity in Hospitalized Adult Patients.

The purpose of this trial was to evaluate the efficacy of a 4-week supplementation of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) in eliminating the gastrointestinal carrier state of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) in hospitalized adults. The primary outcome of the study was the number of patients with cleared VREfm colonization after the 4-week intervention. Secondary outcomes were clearance of VREfm colonization at weeks 8, 16, and 24, number of VREfm infections (isolated from nonintestinal foci), and changes in fecal microbiome diversity after the intervention.

Weyl-mediated helical magnetism in NdAlSi.

Emergent relativistic quasiparticles in Weyl semimetals are the source of exotic electronic properties such as surface Fermi arcs, the anomalous Hall effect and negative magnetoresistance, all observed in real materials. Whereas these phenomena highlight the effect of Weyl fermions on the electronic transport properties, less is known about what collective phenomena they may support. Here, we report a Weyl semimetal, NdAlSi, that offers an example.

Pristine quantum criticality in a Kondo semimetal.

The observation of quantum criticality in diverse classes of strongly correlated electron systems has been instrumental in establishing ordering principles, discovering new phases, and identifying the relevant degrees of freedom and interactions. At focus so far have been insulators and metals. Semimetals, which are of great current interest as candidate phases with nontrivial topology, are much less explored in experiments.

Monopolar and dipolar relaxation in spin ice HoTiO.

Ferromagnetically interacting Ising spins on the pyrochlore lattice of corner-sharing tetrahedra form a highly degenerate manifold of low-energy states. A spin flip relative to this "spin-ice" manifold can fractionalize into two oppositely charged magnetic monopoles with effective Coulomb interactions. To understand this process, we have probed the low-temperature magnetic response of spin ice to time-varying magnetic fields through stroboscopic neutron scattering and SQUID magnetometry on a new class of ultrapure HoTiO crystals.

Lipolysis drives expression of the constitutively active receptor GPR3 to induce adipose thermogenesis.

Thermogenic adipocytes possess a therapeutically appealing, energy-expending capacity, which is canonically cold-induced by ligand-dependent activation of β-adrenergic G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Here, we uncover an alternate paradigm of GPCR-mediated adipose thermogenesis through the constitutively active receptor, GPR3. We show that the N terminus of GPR3 confers intrinsic signaling activity, resulting in continuous Gs-coupling and cAMP production without an exogenous ligand.

VPS39-deficiency observed in type 2 diabetes impairs muscle stem cell differentiation via altered autophagy and epigenetics.

Insulin resistance and lower muscle quality (strength divided by mass) are hallmarks of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Here, we explore whether alterations in muscle stem cells (myoblasts) from individuals with T2D contribute to these phenotypes. We identify VPS39 as an important regulator of myoblast differentiation and muscle glucose uptake, and VPS39 is downregulated in myoblasts and myotubes from individuals with T2D.

Personalized B cell response to the probiotic in healthy human subjects: a randomized trial.

The specific effects of administering live probiotics in the human gut are not well characterized. To this end, we investigated the immediate effect of GG (LGG) in the jejunum of 27 healthy volunteers 2 h after ingestion using a combination of global RNA sequencing of human biopsies and bacterial DNA sequencing in a multi-visit, randomized, cross-over design (ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT03140878).

Impact of the Lattice on Magnetic Properties and Possible Spin Nematicity in the S=1 Triangular Antiferromagnet NiGa_{2}S_{4}.

NiGa_{2}S_{4} is a triangular lattice S=1 system with strong two dimensionality of the lattice, actively discussed as a candidate to host spin-nematic order brought about by strong quadrupole coupling. Using Raman scattering spectroscopy we identify a phonon of E_{g} symmetry which can modulate magnetic exchange J_{1} and produce quadrupole coupling. Additionally, our Raman scattering results demonstrate a loss of local inversion symmetry on cooling, which we associate with sulfur vacancies.

Pharmacoprevention of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.

This article reviews the disparities in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) incidence, presents evidence on the efficacy of preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and nonoccupational postexposure prophylaxis (nPEP), provides an overview of clinical guidelines for prescribing PrEP and nPEP, discusses strategies to promote efficient use of these effective interventions, and reviews best practices in treatment retention for people at high risk for HIV. Nurses are optimally positioned to prevent new HIV infections. When working with sensitive topics such as sexual practices and substance use, nurses excel at building rapport, making shared decisions, and educating about risk reduction with an affirming, nonjudgmental approach.

Antichiral spin order, its soft modes, and their hybridization with phonons in the topological semimetal .

We report the magnetic structure and spin excitations of , a breathing kagome antiferromagnet with transport anomalies attributed to Weyl nodes. Using polarized neutron diffraction, we show the magnetic order is a coplanar state belonging to a irreducible representation, which can be described as a perfect 120° antichiral structure with a moment of , superimposed with weak collinear ferromagnetism. Inelastic neutron scattering shows three collective excitations at , , and .

Quantum spin liquids.

Spin liquids are quantum phases of matter with a variety of unusual features arising from their topological character, including "fractionalization"-elementary excitations that behave as fractions of an electron. Although there is not yet universally accepted experimental evidence that establishes that any single material has a spin liquid ground state, in the past few years a number of materials have been shown to exhibit distinctive properties that are expected of a quantum spin liquid. Here, we review theoretical and experimental progress in this area.

Anisotropic effect of a magnetic field on the neutron spin resonance in FeSe.

We use inelastic neutron scattering to study the effect of a magnetic field on the neutron spin resonance ( = 3.6 meV) of superconducting FeSe ( = 9 K). While a field aligned along the in-plane direction broadens and suppresses the resonance, a -axis aligned field does so much more efficiently, consistent with the anisotropic field-induced suppression of the superfluid density from the heat capacity measurements.

Low-energy magnons in the chiral ferrimagnet CuOSeO: A coarse-grained approach.

We report a comprehensive neutron scattering study of low energy magnetic excitations in the breathing pyrochlore helimagnetic CuOSeO. Fully documenting the four lowest energy magnetic modes that leave the ferrimagnetic configuration of the "strong tetrahedra" intact ( meV), we find gapless quadratic dispersion at the point for energies above 0.2 meV, two doublets separated by 1.

Making the invisible visible: Implementing an implicit bias activity in nursing education.

Background: Implicit bias (IB) is a pervasive phenomenon that negatively impacts health outcomes. IB is unconscious bias that operates at a level in which the individual is not aware of its existence. There is no requirement to include IB content in nursing education.

Intrinsic Low-Temperature Magnetism in SmB_{6}.

By means of new muon spin relaxation experiments, we disentangle extrinsic and intrinsic sources of low-temperature bulk magnetism in the candidate topological Kondo insulator (TKI) SmB_{6}. Results on Al-flux-grown SmB_{6} single crystals are compared to those on a large floating-zone-grown ^{154}Sm ^{11}B_{6} single crystal in which a 14 meV bulk spin exciton has been detected by inelastic neutron scattering. Below ∼10  K, we detect the gradual development of quasistatic magnetism due to rare-earth impurities and Sm vacancies.

Corrigendum: Probiotics Reduce Health Care Cost and Societal Impact of Flu-Like Respiratory Tract Infections in the USA: An Economic Modeling Study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.

Epigenome- and Transcriptome-wide Changes in Muscle Stem Cells from Low Birth Weight Men.

: Being born with low birth weight (LBW) is a risk factor for muscle insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D), which may be mediated by epigenetic mechanisms programmed by the intrauterine environment. Epigenetic mechanisms exert their prime effects in developing cells. We hypothesized that muscle insulin resistance in LBW subjects may be due to early differential epigenomic and transcriptomic alterations in their immature muscle progenitor cells.