Multi-omics analysis reveals the impact of influenza a virus host adaptation on immune signatures in pig tracheal tissue.

Introduction: Influenza A virus (IAV) infection is a global respiratory disease, which annually leads to 3-5 million cases of severe illness, resulting in 290,000-650,000 deaths. Additionally, during the past century, four global IAV pandemics have claimed millions of human lives. The epithelial lining of the trachea plays a vital role during IAV infection, both as point of viral entry and replication as well as in the antiviral immune response.

Video analysis of real-life shoulder dystocia to assess technical and non-technical performance.

Introduction: Managing obstetric shoulder dystocia requires swift action using correct maneuvers. However, knowledge of obstetric teams' performance during management of real-life shoulder dystocia is limited, and the impact of non-technical skills has not been adequately evaluated. We aimed to analyze videos of teams managing real-life shoulder dystocia to identify clinical challenges associated with correct management and particular non-technical skills correlated with high technical performance.

Pulmonary MicroRNA expression after heterologous challenge with swine influenza A virus (H1N2) in immunized and non-immunized pigs.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) contribute to post-transcriptional modulation of the host response during influenza A virus (IAV) infection and may be involved in shaping disease severity. Differential disease severity was achieved in two groups of pigs by immunization of one group with a commercial swine IAV vaccine prior to heterologous IAV (H1N2) challenge of both groups. Lung tissue was harvested 1, 3, and 14 days after challenge and miRNA expression was quantified.

Team performance during vacuum-assisted vaginal delivery: video review of obstetric multidisciplinary teams.

Introduction: Vacuum extraction is generally considered an operator-dependent task, with most attention directed toward the obstetrician's technical abilities (1-3). Little is known about the effect of the team and non-technical skills on clinical outcomes in vacuum-assisted delivery. This study aimed to investigate whether the non-technical skills of obstetricians were correlated with their level of clinical performance via the analysis of video recordings of teams conducting actual vacuum extractions.

Developing the TeamOBS-vacuum-assisted delivery checklist to assess clinical performance in a vacuum-assisted delivery: a Delphi study with initial validation.

Introduction: In Northern Europe, vacuum-assisted delivery (VAD) accounts for 6-15% of all deliveries; VAD is considered safe when conducted by adequately trained personnel. However, failed vacuum extraction can be harmful to both the mother and child. Therefore, the clinical performance in VAD must be assessed to guide learning, determine a performance benchmark, and evaluate the quality to achieve an overall high performance.

Transcriptional Host Responses to Infection with in a Porcine Precision-Cut Lung Slice Model: Between-Strain Differences Suggest Association with Virulence Potential.

is a porcine and zoonotic pathogen in the upper respiratory tract, expressing different capsular serotypes and virulence-associated factors. Given its genomic and phenotypic diversity, the virulence potential of cannot be attributed to a single factor. Since strong inflammatory response is a hallmark of infection, the objective of this study was to investigate the differences in transcriptional host responses to two serotype 2 and one serotype 9 strains.

Association of serum and fecal microRNA profiles in cats with gastrointestinal cancer and chronic inflammatory enteropathy.

Background: Differentiation of gastrointestinal cancer (GIC) from chronic inflammatory enteropathies (CIE) in cats can be challenging and often requires extensive diagnostic testing. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have promise as non-invasive biomarkers in serum and feces for diagnosis of GIC.

Hypothesis/objectives: Cats with GIC will have serum and fecal miRNA profiles that differ significantly from healthy cats and cats with CIE.

Healthcare providers' perceptions and expectations of video-assisted debriefing of real-life obstetrical emergencies: a qualitative study from Denmark.

Objectives: Video-assisted debriefing (VAD) of real-life obstetrical emergencies provides an opportunity to improve quality of care, but is rarely used in clinical practice. A barrier for implementation is the expected mental reservations among healthcare providers. The aim of this study was to explore healthcare providers' perceptions and expectations of VAD of real-life events.

Women and partners' experience of major postpartum haemorrhage: a qualitative study.

Objective: To examine women and their partners' experience of major postpartum haemorrhage (PPH).

Design: A qualitative interview study.

Setting: Two Labour and Delivery Units in Denmark.

Association of fecal and serum microRNA profiles with gastrointestinal cancer and chronic inflammatory enteropathy in dogs.

Background: Reliable biomarkers to differentiate gastrointestinal cancer (GIC) from chronic inflammatory enteropathy (CIE) in dogs are needed. Fecal and serum microRNAs (miRNAs) have been proposed as diagnostic and prognostic markers of GI disease in humans and dogs.

Hypothesis/objectives: Dogs with GIC have fecal and serum miRNA profiles that differ from those of dogs with CIE.

Urinary microRNAome in healthy cats and cats with pyelonephritis or other urological conditions.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. miRNAs have been found in urine and have shown diagnostic potential in human nephropathies. Here, we aimed to characterize, for the first time, the feline urinary miRNAome and explore the use of urinary miRNA profiles as non-invasive biomarkers for feline pyelonephritis (PN).

Teamwork and Adherence to Guideline on Newborn Resuscitation-Video Review of Neonatal Interdisciplinary Teams.

Background: Little is known about the importance of non-technical skills for the adherence to guidelines, when teams of midwives, obstetricians, anesthesiologists, and pediatricians resuscitate and support the transition of newborns. Non-technical skills are competences underpinning successful teamwork in healthcare. These are usually referred to as leadership, situational awareness, communication, teamwork, decision making, and coping with stress and fatigue.

Innate antiviral responses in porcine nasal mucosal explants inoculated with influenza A virus are comparable with responses in respiratory tissues after viral infection.

Nasal mucosal explant (NEs) cultured at an air-liquid interface mimics in vivo conditions more accurately than monolayer cultures of respiratory cell linesor primary cells cultured in flat-bottom microtiter wells. NEs might be relevant for studies of host-pathogen interactions and antiviral immune responses after infection with respiratory viruses, including influenza and corona viruses. Pigs are natural hosts for swine influenza A virus (IAV) but are also susceptible to IAV from humans, emphasizing the relevance of porcine NEs in the study of IAV infection.

Piglet innate immune response to Streptococcus suis colonization is modulated by the virulence of the strain.

Streptococcus suis is a zoonotic pathogen of swine involved in arthritis, polyserositis, and meningitis. Colonization of piglets by S. suis is very common and occurs early in life.

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training for Healthcare Professionals: A Scoping Review.

The optimal strategy for training cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for healthcare professionals remains to be determined. This scoping review aimed to describe the emerging evidence for CPR training for healthcare professionals.We screened 7605 abstracts and included 110 studies in this scoping review on CPR training for healthcare professionals.

The effects of obstetric emergency team training on patient outcome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Little is known about the optimal simulation-based team training in obstetric emergencies. We aimed to review how simulation-based team training affects patient outcomes in obstetric emergencies.

Material And Methods: Search Strategy: MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched up to and including May 15, 2021.

Women's body mass index and oral administration of Misoprostol for induction of labor - A retrospective cohort study.

Pregnant women who are obese are at greater risk of pregnancy complications, including preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and macrosomia, leading to an increased likelihood of induced labor. Little is known about pregnant women with obesity and the dose of Misoprostol needed for induction of labor (IOL). To investigate whether the cumulative dose of Misoprostol needed for induction of labor (IOL) is associated with women's body mass index (BMI), we conducted a retrospective study of the use of oral Misoprostol for IOL at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aarhus University Hospital - a tertiary referral delivery unit with 4800 deliveries a year.

Can ultrasound 10 days after obstetric anal sphincter injury predict anal incontinence at long-term follow-up?

Introduction And Hypothesis: The objective was to investigate whether endoanal ultrasound (EAUS) performed 10 days after a primary repaired obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASIS) can predict the severity of anal incontinence (AI) in the long term.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included women with a primary repaired 3b-degree tear, 3c-degree tear or fourth-degree tear at Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark, from 1 September 2010 to 31 May 2011. Clinical assessment and EAUS were performed on day 2, day 10, and day 20 after delivery.

[Christmas article: Please put your pants on - an RCT].

Introduction: It is common practice after a pelvic exam to ask a woman to put her pants on, before she is given verbal information. We aimed to compare short-term memory in undressed versus dressed women.

Methods: Thirty-six female Ob/Gyn doctors were randomised to receive verbal information while undressed and still in a lithotomy position, or once dressed again.

Noise as a risk factor in the delivery room: A clinical study.

Introduction: We aimed to investigate whether noise in delivery rooms is associated with impaired performance of obstetric teams managing major (≥1000 mL) postpartum hemorrhage.

Material And Methods: We included video recordings of 96 obstetric teams managing real-life major postpartum hemorrhage. Exposure was noise defined as the occurrence of sound level pressures (SPL) above 90 dB.

The importance of non-technical performance for teams managing postpartum haemorrhage: video review of 99 obstetric teams.

Objective: Little is known about how teams' non-technical performance influences clinical performance in obstetric emergencies such as postpartum haemorrhage.

Design: Video review - observational study.

Setting: A university hospital (5000 deliveries) and a regional hospital (2000 deliveries) in Denmark.

AU Content in the MicroRNA Sequence Influences its Stability after Heat Treatment.

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNA molecules which regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally and are involved in a multitude of cellular processes. MiRNAs are known to be very stable compared to messenger RNAs (mRNAs), making them excellent candidates as biomarkers for disease. Recently, studies have suggested that miRNA stability in formalin fixed samples might depend on their nucleotide composition.

Animal Models for Influenza A Virus Infection Incorporating the Involvement of Innate Host Defenses: Enhanced Translational Value of the Porcine Model.

Influenza is a viral respiratory disease having a major impact on public health. Influenza A virus (IAV) usually causes mild transitory disease in humans. However, in specific groups of individuals such as severely obese, the elderly, and individuals with underlying inflammatory conditions, IAV can cause severe illness or death.

IFN-λ and microRNAs are important modulators of the pulmonary innate immune response against influenza A (H1N2) infection in pigs.

The innate immune system is paramount in the response to and clearance of influenza A virus (IAV) infection in non-immune individuals. Known factors include type I and III interferons and antiviral pathogen recognition receptors, and the cascades of antiviral and pro- and anti-inflammatory gene expression they induce. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are increasingly recognized to participate in post-transcriptional modulation of these responses, but the temporal dynamics of how these players of the antiviral innate immune response collaborate to combat infection remain poorly characterized.