Chronic dehydration induces injury pathways in rats, but does not mimic histopathology of chronic interstitial nephritis in agricultural communities.

CINAC-patients present renal proximal tubular cell lysosomal lesions which are also observed in patients experiencing calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) nephrotoxicity, suggesting that CINAC is a toxin-induced nephropathy. An alternative hypothesis advocates chronic dehydration as a major etiological factor for CINAC. Here, we evaluated histological and molecular changes in dehydrated versus toxin exposed rats.

Assessment of routine same-day discharge surgery for robot-assisted radical prostatectomy.

Introduction: It is important for robotic surgery to be cost-effective, especially by reducing the length of stay (LOS). Therefore, we developed a protocol for day-case robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). This study aimed to validate this as a safe practice of care and to assess the potential benefits to the hospital and patient.

Improved early and late continence following robot-assisted radical prostatectomy with concurrent bladder neck fascial sling (RoboSling).

Objective: To describe a novel RoboSling technique performed at the time of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) and its utility for enhancing urinary function recovery postoperatively.

Materials And Methods: The surgical technique involves harvesting a vascularised, fascial flap from the peritoneum on the posterior aspect of the bladder. Following completion of prostatectomy, the autologous flap is tunnelled underneath the bladder and incorporated into the rectourethralis and vertical longitudinal detrusor fibres at the posterior bladder neck with a modified Rocco suture.

Self-removal of catheter after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: a feasibility study.

Self-removal of urinary catheter as an option after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) has never been explored in literature. We report the feasibility and outcome of the first study of this novel concept in our hospital. We conducted a prospective audit of self-TWOC (trial without catheter) in men who underwent consecutive RARP in our centre between April 2022 and September 2022.

Functional and oncological outcomes of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy in obese men: a matched-pair analysis.

Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) in men with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 35 kg/m is considered technically challenging. We conducted a retrospective matched-pair analysis to compare the oncological and functional outcomes of RARP in men with BMI ≥ 35 kg/m. We interrogated our prospectively maintained RARP database and identified 1273 men who underwent RARP from January 2018 till June 2021.

Progression of established non-diabetic chronic kidney disease is halted by metformin treatment in rats.

Current treatment strategies for chronic kidney disease (CKD) mainly focus on controlling risk factors. Metformin, a first-line drug for type 2 diabetes, exerts beneficial pleiotropic actions beyond its prescribed use and incipient data have revealed protective effects against the development of kidney impairment. This study evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of metformin and canagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor recently approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration to treat diabetic nephropathy, in slowing the progression of established non-diabetic CKD.

Farmers' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perceptions Regarding Carcinogenic Pesticides in Fez Meknes Region (Morocco).

Pesticides play an important role in the improvement of agricultural production, but their use may result in adverse effects on the environment, consumers, and farmers' health. As there are limited data focusing on the factors influencing safety behavior toward pesticide use in Morocco, we conducted a cross-sectional survey in 15 rural communities of Morocco's Fes Meknes region to assess the attitudes, knowledge, and practices regarding pesticide use. A structured questionnaire was completed, containing the data of the interviewed farmers, their behavior towards safety measures, the type of active ingredient used, as well as the perception of risks to their own health following exposure to pesticides by the existence of chronic, self-perceived symptoms.

Spermatic vein embolization as a treatment for symptomatic varicocele.

Introduction: Varicocele is a relatively common condition in men that causes pain in approximately 10% of cases. There have been few studies to date assessing the improvements in both pain and quality of life parameters associated with spermatic vein embolization (SVE) as a treatment for patients with symptomatic varicocele, so we aimed to assess this.

Methods: A review was carried out of consecutive SVE procedures performed at our institution from 2013-2019.

Tracking the recruitment and evolution of snake toxins using the evolutionary context provided by the genome.

Venom is a key adaptive innovation in snakes, and how nonvenom genes were co-opted to become part of the toxin arsenal is a significant evolutionary question. While this process has been investigated through the phylogenetic reconstruction of toxin sequences, evidence provided by the genomic context of toxin genes remains less explored. To investigate the process of toxin recruitment, we sequenced the genome of , a clinically relevant pitviper.

Chronic interstitial nephritis in agricultural communities: a new perspective on etiology, diagnosis and mechanism.

Chronic interstitial nephritis in agricultural communities is a devastating kidney disease with a globally increasing prevalence. Its cause is unknown. Two predominant etiologies are hypothesised: recurrent episodes of dehydration and exposure to environmental toxins, such as agrochemicals and metals.

The Chemosensory Repertoire of the Eastern Diamondback Rattlesnake (Crotalus adamanteus) Reveals Complementary Genetics of Olfactory and Vomeronasal-Type Receptors.

Pitviper sensory perception incorporates diverse stimuli through the integration of trichromatic color vision, bifocal heat-sensing, and dual-system chemoperception. Chemoperception, or olfaction, is mediated by chemoreceptors in the olfactory bulb and the vomeronasal organ, but the true genomic complexity of the gene families and their relative contributions is unknown. A full genomic accounting of pitviper chemoperception directly complements our current understanding of their venoms by generating a more complete polyphenic representation of their predatory arsenal.

Robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy-impact of a mentorship program on oncological outcomes during the learning curve.

Background And Aims: The learning curve for robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) is estimated to be about 50-200 cases. This study will evaluate the benefit of a mentorship programme after completing a mini-fellowship in RARP by an experienced surgeon who previously trained in open and laparoscopic surgery.

Methods: Our study was a retrospective comparative analysis of RARP performed by a single consultant urologist.

Prostate cancer detection with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/ cognitive fusion biopsy: Comparing standard and targeted prostate biopsy with final prostatectomy histology.

Introduction: The use of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with targeted biopsies of the prostate improves the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer. Recent studies have shown that targeted prostate biopsies also more accurately predict final histopathology after radical prostatectomy (RP). There are three broad techniques for performing MRI-targeted prostate biopsy: cognitive MRI/ultrasound (US) fusion, software MRI/US fusion, and in-bore MRI-guided.

How to interpret an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in 2020?

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as abnormalities of kidney structure and function proven to be chronic. The prevalence of CKD in the majority of studies is 10%-16%, neglecting the chronicity character. Jonsson et al.

A Study of Associations Between Plasma Metformin Concentration, Lactic Acidosis, and Mortality in an Emergency Hospitalization Context.

Objectives: To determine the plasma metformin concentration threshold associated with lactic acidosis and analyze the outcome in metformin-treated patients with lactic acidosis hospitalized in an emergency context.

Design: A retrospective, observational, single-center study.

Setting: Emergency department and ICUs at Amiens University Hospital (Amiens, France).

An overview of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists for the treatment of metabolic syndrome: A drug repositioning.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a clustering of several cardiovascular risk factors that include: obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension and high blood glucose, and often requires multidrug pharmacological interventions. The management of MetS therefore requires high healthcare cost, and can result in poor drug treatment compliance. Hence drug therapies that have pleiotropic beneficial effects may be of value.

Drift, selection and adaptive variation in small populations of a threatened rattlesnake.

An important goal of conservation genetics is to determine if the viability of small populations is reduced by a loss of adaptive variation due to genetic drift. Here, we assessed the impact of drift and selection on direct measures of adaptive variation (toxin loci encoding venom proteins) in the eastern massasauga rattlesnake (Sistrurus catenatus), a threatened reptile that exists in small isolated populations. We estimated levels of individual polymorphism in 46 toxin loci and 1,467 control loci across 12 populations of this species, and compared the results with patterns of selection on the same loci following speciation of S.

Validity of Antineoplastic Procedure Codes in the Danish National Patient Registry: The Case of Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Procedure codes in the Danish National Patient Registry are used for administrative purposes and are a potentially valuable resource for epidemiologic research. To our knowledge, the validity of antineoplastic procedure codes has only been evaluated in one study.

Methods: We randomly extracted a sample of 420 patients in the Southern Region of Denmark with a diagnosis of colorectal cancer and an oncology contact during 2016-2018.