Correction to: Applicability and accuracy of pretest probability calculations implemented in the NICE clinical guideline for decision making about imaging in patients with chest pain of recent onset.

The original version of this article, published on 19 March 2018, unfortunately contained a mistake. The following correction has therefore been made in the original: The names of the authors Philipp A. Kaufmann, Ronny Ralf Buechel and Bernhard A.

Applicability and accuracy of pretest probability calculations implemented in the NICE clinical guideline for decision making about imaging in patients with chest pain of recent onset.

Objectives: To analyse the implementation, applicability and accuracy of the pretest probability calculation provided by NICE clinical guideline 95 for decision making about imaging in patients with chest pain of recent onset.

Methods: The definitions for pretest probability calculation in the original Duke clinical score and the NICE guideline were compared. We also calculated the agreement and disagreement in pretest probability and the resulting imaging and management groups based on individual patient data from the Collaborative Meta-Analysis of Cardiac CT (CoMe-CCT).

Fat suppression in magnetic resonance imaging of the head and neck region: is the two-point DIXON technique superior to spectral fat suppression?

Objective: The aim of our study was to systematically compare two-point Dixon fat suppression (FS) and spectral FS techniques in contrast enhanced imaging of the head and neck region.

Methods: Three independent readers analysed coronal T weighted images recorded after contrast medium injection with Dixon and spectral FS techniques with regard to FS homogeneity, motion artefacts, lesion contrast, image sharpness and overall image quality.

Results: 85 patients were prospectively enrolled in the study.

Low Tube Voltage Liver MDCT with Sinogram-Affirmed Iterative Reconstructions for the Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Aim of this study was to compare low tube voltage computed tomography (80 kV) of the liver using iterative image reconstruction (SAFIRE) with standard computed tomography (120 kV) using filtered back-projection (FBP) for the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). 46 patients (43 men) with 93 HCC confirmed by 3 T MRI with Gd-EOB-DPTA, in inconclusive cases combined with contrast-enhanced ultrasound, underwent dual-energy CT. The raw data of the 80 kV tube was reconstructed using the iterative reconstruction algorithm SAFIRE with two strengths (I3 and I5).

Long-Range Real Migration of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Lead.

The need for pacemaker and implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) lead revisions and extractions is steadily increasing. Despite the lack of representative studies, the risk of lead extraction is frequently considered to be lower than leaving nonfunctional leads in situ. We report the case of a patient who was referred to our institution for exchange of a malfunctioning ICD lead.

Potential of combining iterative reconstruction with noise efficient detector design: aggressive dose reduction in head CT.

Objective: With further increase of CT numbers and their dominant contribution to medical exposure, there is a recent quest for more effective dose control. While reintroduction of iterative reconstruction (IR) has proved its potential in many applications, a novel focus is placed on more noise efficient detectors. Our purpose was to assess the potential of IR in combination with an integrated circuit detector (ICD) for aggressive dose reduction in head CT.

In vivo analysis of the vascular pattern of the superficial temporal artery based on digital subtraction angiography.

Background: Existing anatomic descriptions of the superficial temporal artery (STA) are mainly based on cadaver studies and do not accurately reflect the in vivo situation. In this study, the anatomical course and branching pattern of the STA were analyzed with digital subtraction angiographies (DSAs).

Methods: DSAs of 93 Caucasian individuals between 16- and 79-years old were retrospectively analyzed regarding the course and branching pattern of the STA as well as surgically relevant inner diameters and lengths of its main branches.

Added value of integrated circuit detector in head CT: objective and subjective image quality in comparison to conventional detector design.

Rationale And Objectives: A new computed tomography (CT) detector with integrated electric components and shorter conducting pathways has recently been introduced to decrease system inherent electronic noise. The purpose of this study was to assess the potential benefit of such integrated circuit detector (ICD) in head CT by comparing objective and subjective image quality in low-dose examinations with a conventional detector design.

Materials And Methods: Using a conventional detector, reduced-dose noncontrast head CT (255 mAs; effective dose, 1.

Grading of carotid artery stenosis in the presence of extensive calcifications: dual-energy CT angiography in comparison with contrast-enhanced MR angiography.

Purpose: We investigated the agreement of dual-energy computed tomography angiography (DE-CTA) and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE-MRA)in the quantitative measurement of stenoses of the internal carotid artery in comparison with digital subtraction angiography (DSA).

Methods: A total of 21 patients with stenoses of the external carotid artery were investigated with a DE-CTA and CE-MRA before undergoing carotid angioplasty. The grade of the stenoses was assessed in axial multiplanar reformations (MPR) before and multi-intensity projections (MIP) after plaque subtraction (PS) and compared with results from CE-MRA and DSA according to the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial.

Radiation dose reduction in soft tissue neck CT using adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR).

Purpose: To compare objective and subjective image quality in neck CT images acquired at different tube current-time products (275 mAs and 340 mAs) and reconstructed with filtered-back-projection (FBP) and adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR).

Materials And Methods: HIPAA-compliant study with IRB approval and waiver of informed consent. 66 consecutive patients were randomly assigned to undergo contrast-enhanced neck CT at a standard tube-current-time-product (340 mAs; n = 33) or reduced tube-current-time-product (275 mAs, n = 33).

Sinogram affirmed iterative reconstruction in head CT: improvement of objective and subjective image quality with concomitant radiation dose reduction.

Purpose: Iterative reconstruction has recently been revisited as a promising concept for substantial CT dose reduction. The purpose of this study was to assess the potential benefit of sinogram affirmed iterative reconstruction (SAFIRE) in head CT by comparing objective and subjective image quality at reduced tube current with standard dose filtered back projection (FBP).

Materials And Methods: Non-contrast reduced dose head CT (255 mAs, CTDIvol 47.

Association between linear measurements of corpus callosum and gait in the elderly.

Purpose: Segmentation and diffusion-tensor-imaging of the corpus callosum (CC) have been linked to gait impairment. However, such measurements are impracticable in clinical routine. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between simple linear measurements of CC thickness with gait.

Individual patient data meta-analysis for the clinical assessment of coronary computed tomography angiography: protocol of the Collaborative Meta-Analysis of Cardiac CT (CoMe-CCT).

Background: Coronary computed tomography angiography has become the foremost noninvasive imaging modality of the coronary arteries and is used as an alternative to the reference standard, conventional coronary angiography, for direct visualization and detection of coronary artery stenoses in patients with suspected coronary artery disease. Nevertheless, there is considerable debate regarding the optimal target population to maximize clinical performance and patient benefit. The most obvious indication for noninvasive coronary computed tomography angiography in patients with suspected coronary artery disease would be to reliably exclude significant stenosis and, thus, avoid unnecessary invasive conventional coronary angiography.

Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in patients with hematological malignancies: HRCT patterns of pulmonary involvement and disease course.

Objective: To analyze high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) patterns of lung involvement and disease course in patients with hematological malignancies experiencing diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) after chemotherapy ± allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT).

Materials And Methods: Sixteen patients experiencing DAH after chemotherapy ± allo-SCT were enrolled. A total of 74 computed tomography (CT) scans obtained before, during, and after onset of DAH were evaluated retrospectively.

High-pitch dual-source CT angiography of supra-aortic arteries: assessment of image quality and radiation dose.

Introduction: High-pitch CT angiography (CTA) is a recent innovation that allows significant shortening of scan time with volume coverage of 43 mm per second. The aim of our study was to assess this technique in CTA of the head and neck.

Methods: CTA of supra-aortic arteries was performed in 50 patients using two acquisition protocols: conventional single-source 64-slice (pitch 1.

Imaging findings in tick-borne encephalitis with differential diagnostic considerations.

Objective: The purpose of this article is to provide a practical review of the spectrum of imaging findings in patients with tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) and to address possible differential diagnoses.

Conclusion: Imaging findings in TBE resemble those of other infections, such as meningoencephalitis. However, a predilection for the thalami, basal ganglia, cerebellum, and anterior horns of the spinal cord suggests the possibility of TBE.

Accuracy of automated attenuation-based 3-dimensional segmentation: in the analysis of left ventricular function compared with magnetic resonance imaging.

We evaluated attenuation-based 3-dimensional segmentation for the analysis of left ventricular function, using as our standard of reference magnetic resonance imaging and dual-source computed tomography with traditional short-axis planimetry.Twenty patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease were examined prospectively. In all magnetic resonance and computed tomographic datasets, global functional values were determined by 2-dimensional planimetry.

Can whole-body low-dose multidetector CT exclude the presence of myeloma bone disease in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS)?

Rationale And Objectives: To determine the benefit of using whole-body low-dose computed tomography (WBLD-CT) in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) for exclusion of multiple myeloma (MM) bone disease.

Materials And Methods: Seventy-one consecutive patients with confirmed MGUS (as defined by the latest criteria of the International Myeloma Working Group) who underwent WBLD-CT for diagnosis were identified retrospectively by a search of our institution's electronic medical record database (2002-2009). Patients were classified as low-risk or intermediate/high-risk and followed over a ≥2-year period with additional CT imaging and/or laboratory parameters.

Standardisation of liver MDCT by tracking liver parenchyma enhancement to trigger imaging.

Objective: To assess parenchymal bolus-triggering in terms of liver enhancement, lesion-to-liver conspicuity and inter-image variability across serial follow-up MDCTs.

Methods: We reviewed MDCTs of 50 patients with hepatic metastases who had a baseline CT and two follow-up examinations. In 25 consecutive patients CT data acquisition was initiated by liver parenchyma triggering at a 50-HU enhancement threshold.

Volume and attenuation computed tomography measurements for interim evaluation of Hodgkin and follicular lymphoma as an additional surrogate parameter for more confident response monitoring: a pilot study.

Purpose: To retrospectively determine the potential role of additional computed tomography (CT) attenuation measurements for interim response evaluation in residual masses of patients with Hodgkin disease (HD) and follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL).

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective study, 39 patients with HD and 35 patients with NHL presented with residual masses at mid-treatment CT (after 2-4 cycles of chemotherapy) and were assessed via contrast-enhanced CT at baseline, mid-treatment and post-treatment. Volume was recorded as whole-tumour volume.

Iterative reconstruction in head CT: image quality of routine and low-dose protocols in comparison with standard filtered back-projection.

Background And Purpose: IR has recently demonstrated its capacity to reduce noise and permit dose reduction in abdominal and thoracic CT applications. The purpose of our study was to assess the potential benefit of IR in head CT by comparing objective and subjective image quality with standard FBP at various dose levels.

Materials And Methods: Ninety consecutive patients were randomly assigned to undergo nonenhanced and contrast-enhanced head CT at a standard dose (320 mAs; CTDI, 60.

Therapy-related noninfectious complications in patients with hematologic malignancies: high-resolution computed tomography findings.

Pulmonary complications are a leading source of mortality in patients treated for hematologic malignancies. After hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, treatment-related noninfectious complications constitute more than half of the pulmonary pathology and represent a particular diagnostic challenge. This review illustrates the high-resolution computed tomography findings of common therapy-related complications and thereby demonstrates a high degree of overlap between the patterns of various toxicities.

Volume perfusion-CT of the liver: insights and applications.

The purpose of this article is to provide an up-to-date view on the spectrum of applications of volume perfusion-CT in the liver. Volume perfusion-CT yields important information on liver architecture and function by enabling quantification of dual liver parenchymal blood supply. Additional characterization of diffuse and focal liver diseases by illustration of distinct flow dynamics and permeability may become an important adjunct in the CT-evaluation of liver pathologies.

Herpes-Simplex-Virus 1 pneumonia in the immunocompromised host: high-resolution CT patterns in correlation to outcome and follow-up.

Objective: To identify the high-resolution CT (HRCT) patterns of Herpes-Simplex-Virus 1 (HSV) pneumonia in immunocompromised patients and correlate findings to outcome and radiographic follow-up until death or complete resolution of findings.

Patients And Methods: HRCT data-sets and plain radiographic follow-ups were reviewed in 25 immunocompromised patients with confirmation of new onset HSV-1 pneumonia. Pattern and distribution of abnormalities was assessed by two chest radiologists and findings evaluated regarding outcome and dynamics.

CT features of neutropenic enterocolitis in adult patients with hematological diseases undergoing chemotherapy.

Purpose: This study investigates the features of neutropenic enterocolitis (NE) in adults.

Materials And Methods: Chart and radiology report reviews were used to identify neutropenic patients with hematological diseases undergoing chemotherapy, who had CT scans for the clarification of abdominal symptoms between October 2003 and October 2009. Patients with any cause for enteritis other than NE were excluded.