Anoxic seagrass leaf environments as potential hotspots for toxin production and NO emission.

Epiphytes on seagrass leaves can render parts of the leaf phyllosphere anoxic in darkness owing to leaf/epiphyte respiration and O diffusion constraints. In such anoxic microenvironments, anaerobic microbes can potentially produce phytotoxins and greenhouse gases, but the actual occurrence of such processes in seagrass epiphytic biofilms remain uncertain. We used microsensors to measure O, NO, NO and HS concentration gradients, as well as NO and O dynamics within epiphytic biofilms on seagrass (Zostera marina) leaves under changing environmental conditions.

Multiparameter Sensing of Oxygen and pH at Biological Interfaces via Hyperspectral Imaging of Luminescent Sensor Nanoparticles.

Chemical dynamics in biological samples are seldom stand-alone processes but represent the outcome of complicated cascades of interlinked reaction chains. In order to understand these processes and how they correlate, it is important to monitor several parameters simultaneously at high spatial and temporal resolution. Hyperspectral imaging is a promising tool for this, as it provides broad-range spectral information in each pixel, enabling the use of multiple luminescent indicator dyes, while simultaneously providing information on sample structures and optical properties.

Seagrass-mediated rhizosphere redox gradients are linked with ammonium accumulation driven by diazotrophs.

Unlabelled: Seagrasses can enhance nutrient mobilization in their rhizosphere via complex interactions with sediment redox conditions and microbial populations. Yet, limited knowledge exists on how seagrass-derived rhizosphere dynamics affect nitrogen cycling. Using optode and gel-sampler-based chemical imaging, we show that radial O loss (ROL) from rhizomes and roots leads to the formation of redox gradients around below-ground tissues of seagrass (), which are co-localized with regions of high ammonium concentrations in the rhizosphere.

Nanoengineering of electrodes infiltration: an opportunity for developing large-area solid oxide fuel cells with high power density.

Although nanoengineering of electrodes opens up the way to the development of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) with improved performance, the practical implementation of such advances in cells suitable for widespread use remains a challenge. Here, the demonstration of large-area, commercially relevant SOFCs with two nanoengineered electrodes that display excellent performance is reported. The self-assembled nanocomposite LaSrCoO and CoO is strategically designed and deposited into the well-interconnected CeGdO backbone as a cathode to enable an ultra-large electrochemically active region.

Psychometric evaluation of a quality of recovery score for the postanesthesia care unit-A preliminary validation study.

Introduction: Patients' perception of postoperative recovery is a key aspect of perioperative care. Self-reported quality of recovery (QoR) has evolved as a relevant endpoint in perioperative research. Several psychometric instruments have been introduced to assess self-reported recovery 24 hours after surgery.

Ten-year trends in incidence and prevalence of atrial fibrillation and flutter in Denmark according to demographics, ethnicity, educational level, and area of residence (2009-2018).

Background: Atrial fibrillation is the most common cardiac arrhythmia and a major global health burden. Updated trends in the epidemiology of atrial fibrillation or flutter (AF) are needed.

Methods: Using the Danish Heart Statistics, we investigated nationwide trends 2009-2018 in incidence rate and prevalence of AF according to age as well as age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and prevalence (ASP) of AF according to sex, ethnicity, educational level, and area of residence.

Photosynthetic capacity in seagrass seeds and early-stage seedlings of Zostera marina.

In many terrestrial seeds, photosynthetic activity supplies O to the developing plant embryo to sustain aerobic metabolism and enhance biosynthetic activity. However, whether seagrass seeds possess similar photosynthetic capacity to alleviate intra-seed hypoxic stress conditions is unknown. We used a novel combination of microscale variable chlorophyll fluorescence imaging, a custom-made O optode microrespirometry system and planar optode O imaging, to determine the O microenvironment and photosynthetic activity in developing seeds and seedlings of seagrass (Zostera marina).

Is excessive smartphone use associated with weight status and self-rated health among youth? A smart platform study.

Background: In Canada, it is recommended that youth limit screen time to less than two hours per day, yet, the majority of youth are reportedly spending a significantly higher amount of time in front of a screen. This is particularly concerning given that these recommendations do not take into account smartphone devices, which is the most common screen time technology of choice for the younger generations. This study implements an innovative approach to understanding screen time behavior and aims to investigate the unique relationship between smartphone specific screen time and physical health outcomes.

Comparable Effects of Sleeve Gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass on Basal Fuel Metabolism and Insulin Sensitivity in Individuals with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes.

Aim: Bariatric surgery improves insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance in obese individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D), but there is a lack of data comparing the underlying metabolic mechanisms after the 2 most common surgical procedures Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG). This study was designed to assess and compare the effects of RYGB and SG on fuel metabolism in the basal state and insulin sensitivity during a two-step euglycemic glucose clamp.

Materials And Methods: 16 obese individuals with T2D undergoing either RYGB ( = 9) or SG ( = 7) were investigated before and 2 months after surgery, and 8 healthy individuals without obesity and T2D served as controls.

Teledermatology in South Dakota: Uses and Patient Centered Improvement in a Rural Setting.

Dermatologic conditions account for a large proportion of healthcare visits in the United States, yet there continues to be barriers to dermatologic care particularly among the rural and underserved populations. Patients among these populations are particularly vulnerable to poor outcomes and increased morbidity. Teledermatology offers a potential solution to increase access to high-quality dermatologic care.

Prolonged lipopolysaccharide-induced illness elevates glucagon-like peptide-1 and suppresses peptide YY: A human-randomized cross-over trial.

Severe systemic inflammation is associated with nausea, loss of appetite, and delayed gastric emptying, which increases hospitalization admission length and mortality rate. There is a lack of human controlled studies exploring gastric emptying rates and underlying mechanisms during inflammatory conditions. We aimed to investigate if systemic inflammation in young men delays gastro-intestinal transit times, lowers motility, and affects gastrointestinal hormone secretion.

Your Meal: A Mass Media Nutrition Education Campaign for Oklahoma Teens.

To address a statewide need for obesity prevention, the Oklahoma Tobacco Settlement Endowment Trust launched in 2021, a mass media nutrition education effort for teens, ages 13-18. utilizes the SAVI messaging approach, an audience-centric message development framework that recognizes barriers to healthy living and offers realistic solutions. Five months into the campaign, an online survey was conducted ( = 200) to assess short-term program goals related to campaign delivery, engagement, and relevance.

Production of a monolithic fuel cell stack with high power density.

The transportation sector is undergoing a technology shift from internal combustion engines to electric motors powered by secondary Li-based batteries. However, the limited range and long charging times of Li-ion batteries still hinder widespread adoption. This aspect is particularly true in the case of heavy freight and long-range transportation, where solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) offer an attractive alternative as they can provide high-efficiency and flexible fuel choices.

The combined effect of short-term hydrological and N-fertilization manipulation of wetlands on CO, CH, and NO emissions.

Freshwater wetlands are natural sinks of carbon; yet, wetland conversion for agricultural uses can shift these carbon sinks into large sources of greenhouse gases. We know that the anthropogenic alteration of wetland hydrology and the broad use of N-fertilizers can modify biogeochemical cycling, however, the extent of their combined effect on greenhouse gases exchange still needs further research. Moreover, there has been recent interest in wetlands rehabilitation and preservation by improving natural water flow and by seeking alternative solutions to nutrient inputs.

TAPAS: An Open-Source Software Package for Translational Neuromodeling and Computational Psychiatry.

Psychiatry faces fundamental challenges with regard to mechanistically guided differential diagnosis, as well as prediction of clinical trajectories and treatment response of individual patients. This has motivated the genesis of two closely intertwined fields: (i) Translational Neuromodeling (TN), which develops "computational assays" for inferring patient-specific disease processes from neuroimaging, electrophysiological, and behavioral data; and (ii) Computational Psychiatry (CP), with the goal of incorporating computational assays into clinical decision making in everyday practice. In order to serve as objective and reliable tools for clinical routine, computational assays require end-to-end pipelines from raw data (input) to clinically useful information (output).

Anabolic effects of oral leucine-rich protein with and without β-hydroxybutyrate on muscle protein metabolism in a novel clinical model of systemic inflammation-a randomized crossover trial.

Background: β-lactoglobulin (BLG) stimulates muscle protein synthesis and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) inhibits muscle breakdown. Whether combining the 2 can additively attenuate disease-induced muscle loss is unknown.

Objective: Based on previous observations of anticatabolic effects of protein and ketone bodies during inflammation, and using a novel model combining ongoing systemic inflammation, fasting, and immobilization, we tested whether the anticatabolic muscle response to oral amino acids is altered compared with control conditions, as well as whether coadministration of oral BHB and BLG further improves the muscle anabolic response.

Flow and epiphyte growth effects on the thermal, optical and chemical microenvironment in the leaf phyllosphere of seagrass ().

Intensified coastal eutrophication can result in an overgrowth of seagrass leaves by epiphytes, which is a major threat to seagrass habitats worldwide, but little is known about how epiphytic biofilms affect the seagrass phyllosphere. The physico-chemical microenvironment of L. leaves with and without epiphytes was mapped with electrochemical, thermocouple and scalar irradiance microsensors as a function of four irradiance conditions (dark, low, saturating and high light) and two water flow velocities (approx.

Strong leaf surface basification and CO limitation of seagrass induced by epiphytic biofilm microenvironments.

Coastal eutrophication is a growing problem worldwide, leading to increased epiphyte overgrowth of seagrass leaves. Yet little is known about how epiphytes affect key biogeochemical conditions and processes in the seagrass phyllosphere. We used electrochemical microsensors to measure microgradients of O , pH, and CO at the bare and epiphyte-covered leaf surface of seagrass (Zostera marina L.

A 4 × 4 cm Nanoengineered Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell for Efficient and Durable Hydrogen Production.

Despite various advantages of high-temperature solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) over their low-temperature competitors, the insufficient long-term durability has prevented the commercialization of SOECs. Here, we address this challenge by employing two nanoengineered electrodes. The O electrode consists of a LaSrCoO (LSC) and Gd,Pr-co-doped CeO (CGPO) nanocomposite coating deposited on a Gd-doped CeO (CGO) scaffold, and the H electrode comprises a Ni/yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrode modified with a nanogranular CGO coating.

Radiative Energy Budgets in a Microbial Mat Under Different Irradiance and Tidal Conditions.

Irradiance and temperature variations during tidal cycles modulate microphytobenthic primary production potentially by changing the radiative energy balance of photosynthetic mats between immersion and emersion and thus sediment daily net metabolism. To test the effect of tidal stages on the radiative energy budget, we used microsensor measurements of oxygen, temperature, and scalar irradiance to estimate the radiative energy budget in a coastal photosynthetic microbial mat during immersion (constant water column of 2 cm) and emersion under increasing irradiance. Total absorbed light energy was higher in immersion than emersion, due to a lower reflectance of the microbial mat, while most (> 97%) of the absorbed light energy was dissipated as heat irrespective of tidal conditions.