Nonpharmacological interventions to promote sleep in the adult critical patients unit: A scoping review.

Background: Sleep and circadian rhythms are markedly altered in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Numerous factors related to the patient and the ICU environment affect the ability to initiate and maintain sleep. Therefore, nonpharmacological interventions could play an essential role in improving sleep and circadian rhythm.

[Studies of sleep and therapeutic actions in children and adolescents with craniofacial anomalies].

Objective: To describe the presence of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in children with craniofacial anomalies (CFA), associate biodemographic characteristics and polygraph variables, and analyze the therapeutic management decided after the sleep study and the evaluation by a multidisciplinary team.

Patients And Method: Retrospective study. Polygraphs were performed on patients aged between 1 month and 19 years with CFA.

Improve sleep in critically ill patients: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial for a multi-component intervention of environment control in the ICU.

Introduction: In critically ill patients, sleep and circadian rhythms are greatly altered. These disturbances have been associated with adverse consequences, including increased mortality. Factors associated with the ICU environment, such as exposure to inadequate light and noise levels during the day and night or inflexible schedules of daily care activities, have been described as playing an essential role in sleep disturbances.

Neurocognitive Consequences in Children with Sleep Disordered Breathing: Who Is at Risk?

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is a prevalent disease in children characterized by snoring and narrowing of the upper airway leading to gas exchange abnormalities during sleep as well as sleep fragmentation. SDB has been consistently associated with problematic behaviors and adverse neurocognitive consequences in children but causality and determinants of susceptibility remain incompletely defined. Since the 1990s several studies have enlightened these associations and consistently reported poorer academic performance, lower scores on neurocognitive tests, and behavioral abnormalities in children suffering from SDB.

Alternatives to surgery in children with mild OSA.

Precision medicine requires coordinated and integrated evidence-based combinatorial approaches so that diagnosis and treatment can be tailored to the individual patient. In this context, the treatment approach to mild obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is fraught with substantial debate as to what is mild OSA, and as to what constitutes appropriate treatment. As such, it is necessary to first establish a proposed consensus of what criteria need to be employed to reach the diagnosis of mild OSA, and then examine the circumstances under which treatment is indicated, and if so, whether and when anti-inflammatory therapy (AIT), rapid maxillary expansion (RME), and/or myofunctional therapy (MFT) may be indicated.

Sleep spindles in children with restless sleep disorder, restless legs syndrome and normal controls.

Objective: To analyze and identify differences in sleep spindles in children with restless sleep disorder (RSD), restless legs syndrome (RLS) and normal controls.

Methods: PSG (polysomnography) from children with RSD, RLS and normal controls were analyzed. Sleep spindle activity was detected on one frontal and one central electrode, for each epoch of N2 and N3 sleep.

Past, present, and future of sleep medicine research in Latin America.

Sleep medicine is a relatively young field with exponential growth in development and research in the last decades. Parallel to the advances in the United States, Latin America also had its beginnings in sleep medicine housed in neuroscience laboratories. Since the very first Latin American meeting in 1985, and the first sleep society in 1993, sleep research has undergone significant development in subsequent years.

[Bad sleeping habits in infants: Risk factor for sudden infant death syndrome. Pilot study].

Introduction: The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends, through the implementation of the "Back to Sleep (BTS)" campaign, the supine sleeping position for infant sleeping since it prevents to prevent Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS).

Objective: To describe the sleeping position of a group of infants and the risk factors associated with sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).

Subjects And Method: Prospective pilot study, including infants < 45 days of life in well-child care visits at a medical center.

Perinatal antecedents of sleep disturbances in schoolchildren.

Study Objectives: Prematurity has been associated with an increased risk for sleep apnea. However, sleep disturbances in children born preterm have not been extensively investigated. Considering that determinants of sleep may originate early in life, the potential impact of prematurity on sleep disturbances later in life could be important.

Association of sleep spindle activity and sleepiness in children with sleep-disordered breathing.

Study Objectives: The association of snoring and sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) with daytime sleepiness is well documented; however, the exact mechanisms, and especially the role of sleep microstructure that may account for this association remain incompletely understood. In a cohort of children with SDB, we aimed to compare sleep spindle activity between children with daytime sleepiness versus those without daytime sleepiness.

Methods: Children with SDB who reported daytime sleepiness were recruited and compared with age- and sex-matched SDB controls.

Reduced sleep spindle activity in children with primary snoring.

Background: Habitually snoring children are at risk of manifesting disease-related problems even if their sleep studies are overall within normal limits.

Study Objectives: To compare sleep spindle activity in children with primary snoring and healthy controls.

Methods: Sleep spindle activity including analysis of fast and slow spindles (ie, >13 Hz and <13 Hz, respectively) was evaluated in polysomnographic (PSG) recordings of 20 randomly selected children with primary snoring (PS; normal PSG recordings except for objective presence of snoring; 12 boys, mean age 6.

Preschoolers with recurrent wheezing have a high prevalence of sleep disordered breathing.

: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is highly prevalent in school children with poorly-controlled asthma. However, this association has not been assessed in preschoolers with recurrent wheeze, nor in those at risk for asthma. We hypothesized that preschoolers with asthma risk (positive asthma predictive index [API]) have a higher prevalence of SDB and higher inflammatory biomarkers (blood-hsCRP and urinary-LTE4) levels than those with negative API.

[Prevalence and risk factors for sleep-disordered breathing in chilean schoolchildren].

Objectives: To describe the prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in Chilean schoolchil dren and study associated risk factors.

Patients And Method: We carried out a transversal and des criptive study. Questionnaires were sent to the parents of children attending first year of elementary school in the Metropolitan Region (Santiago), the Biobío Region (Concepción, Chillán, Yumbel) and the Magallanes Region (Porvenir and Puerto Natales).

Association between air pollution and sleep disordered breathing in children.

Background And Objective: Similar to other respiratory diseases, sleep disordered breathing (SDB) may be exacerbated by air contaminants. Air pollution may have an impact on incidence and severity of SDB in children. The aims of this study were to examine potential associations between the exposure to different air pollutants and SDB symptoms in children.

Consequences of short sleep duration on the dietary intake in children: A systematic review and metanalysis.

During the last years, a decline in the amount of hours of sleep has been observed in children. Sleep deficiency has been linked to an increase in calories, snacks, and fat intake. The objective of this study was to review the evidence between sleep duration and eating habits in children.

Influence of age and gender on reference values for common pediatric sleep questionnaires: Results from a community-based study.

Objectives: Sleep problems are often assessed using questionnaires, but it is unclear whether the responses given are influenced by age and gender. We addressed this question in several widely used pediatric sleep questionnaires and provide age-dependent percentile curves.

Methods: Data of a community-based study in schoolchildren were reanalyzed (N = 163, 50% males, age 6-17 years).

Media consumption and sleep quality in early childhood: results from the Ulm SPATZ Health Study.

Background: Media use is increasingly becoming common in preschoolers and starting before the age of three years. While several studies have documented the effects of screen time on sleep duration in this age group, investigations including sleep quality are scarce and mainly cross-sectional. Moreover, they are limited by investigating sleep across broader age ranges or in older preschoolers, which may blur early effects and the ideal time for intervention.

[Diagnosis of respiratory sleep disorders in newborns with suspected apneas: comparison between nocturnal saturometry and polygraphy].

Introduction: Night Continuous Saturometry (CSO2) is used in Neonatal Units to detect events of hypoxemia in Newborns (NB) with apnea episodes. Polygraphy (PG) has a larger number of measuring channels. Our goal was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of CSO2 compared to Polygra phy in NB with suspected sleep apneas.

Sleep spindle activity in children with obstructive sleep apnea as a marker of neurocognitive performance: A pilot study.

Study Objectives: To assess spindle activity as possible markers for neurocognitive consequences in children with mild obstructive sleep apnea.

Methods: Children aged 6-11 years diagnosed with mild OSA (i.e.

Nocturnal Oximetry-based Evaluation of Habitually Snoring Children.

Rationale: The vast majority of children around the world undergoing adenotonsillectomy for obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSA) are not objectively diagnosed by nocturnal polysomnography because of access availability and cost issues. Automated analysis of nocturnal oximetry (nSp), which is readily and globally available, could potentially provide a reliable and convenient diagnostic approach for pediatric OSA.

Methods: Deidentified nSp recordings from a total of 4,191 children originating from 13 pediatric sleep laboratories around the world were prospectively evaluated after developing and validating an automated neural network algorithm using an initial set of single-channel nSp recordings from 589 patients referred for suspected OSA.