Changes in heart rate variability at rest and during exercise in patients after a stroke: a feasibility study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using a biofeedback-enhanced robotics-assisted tilt table (RATT) to investigate time- and intensity-dependent changes in heart rate variability (HRV) at rest and during heart rate-controlled exercise in patients recovering from a stroke. Twelve patients (age 55.3 years ± 15.

Feedback control of heart rate during robotics-assisted tilt table exercise in patients after stroke: a clinical feasibility study.

Background: Patients with neurological disorders including stroke use rehabilitation to improve cognitive abilities, to regain motor function and to reduce the risk of further complications. Robotics-assisted tilt table technology has been developed to provide early mobilisation and to automate therapy involving the lower limbs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of employing a feedback control system for heart rate (HR) during robotics-assisted tilt table exercise in patients after a stroke.

Investigating the complexity of the double distance problems.

Background: Two genomes [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] over the same set of gene families form a canonical pair when each of them has exactly one gene from each family. Denote by [Formula: see text] the number of common families of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Different distances of canonical genomes can be derived from a structure called breakpoint graph, which represents the relation between the two given genomes as a collection of cycles of even length and paths.

IL-10 dampens antitumor immunity and promotes liver metastasis via PD-L1 induction.

Background & Aims: The liver is one of the organs most commonly affected by metastasis. The presence of liver metastases has been reported to be responsible for an immunosuppressive microenvironment and diminished immunotherapy efficacy. Herein, we aimed to investigate the role of IL-10 in liver metastasis and to determine how its modulation could affect the efficacy of immunotherapy in vivo.

Reliability of five-minute one-hour heart rate variability metrics in individuals with spinal cord injury.

Background: A previous study showed low reliability of 1-h HRV outcomes in participants with spinal cord injury (SCI), but it was not certain whether the low reliability was due to the unrestricted activity of participants. We aimed to investigate test-retest reliability of HRV metrics in individuals with SCI using a 1-h measurement in a supine position.

Methods: Individuals with SCI underwent two sessions of 1-h recording of the time between consecutive R waves (RR-intervals) in a supine position.

Intestinal microbiota-specific Th17 cells possess regulatory properties and suppress effector T cells via c-MAF and IL-10.

Commensal microbes induce cytokine-producing effector tissue-resident CD4 T cells, but the function of these T cells in mucosal homeostasis is not well understood. Here, we report that commensal-specific intestinal Th17 cells possess an anti-inflammatory phenotype marked by expression of interleukin (IL)-10 and co-inhibitory receptors. The anti-inflammatory phenotype of gut-resident commensal-specific Th17 cells was driven by the transcription factor c-MAF.

Probiotic-guided CAR-T cells for solid tumor targeting.

A major challenge facing tumor-antigen targeting therapies such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells is the identification of suitable targets that are specifically and uniformly expressed on heterogeneous solid tumors. By contrast, certain species of bacteria selectively colonize immune-privileged tumor cores and can be engineered as antigen-independent platforms for therapeutic delivery. To bridge these approaches, we developed a platform of probiotic-guided CAR-T cells (ProCARs), in which tumor-colonizing probiotics release synthetic targets that label tumor tissue for CAR-mediated lysis in situ.

Test-retest reliability of short- and long-term heart rate variability in individuals with spinal cord injury.

Study Design: Cross-sectional.

Objectives: To investigate test-retest reliability of heart rate variability (HRV) metrics in SCI without restriction of activity over long (24-h) and shorter durations (5-min, 10-min, 1-h, 3-h and 6-h).

Settings: University hospital in Khon Kaen, Thailand.

Heart rate variability changes with respect to time and exercise intensity during heart-rate-controlled steady-state treadmill running.

The aim of this work was to investigate the time and exercise intensity dependence of heart rate variability (HRV). Time-dependent, cardiovascular-drift-related increases in heart rate (HR) were inhibited by enforcing a constant heart rate throughout the exercise with a feedback control system. Thirty-two healthy adults performed HR-stabilised treadmill running exercise at two distinct exercise intensity levels.

Tissue resident iNKT17 cells facilitate cancer cell extravasation in liver metastasis via interleukin-22.

During metastasis, cancer cells invade, intravasate, enter the circulation, extravasate, and colonize target organs. Here, we examined the role of interleukin (IL)-22 in metastasis. Immune cell-derived IL-22 acts on epithelial tissues, promoting regeneration and healing upon tissue damage, but it is also associated with malignancy.

A Critical Role of the IL-22-IL-22 Binding Protein Axis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks among the five most common cancer entities worldwide and leads to hundred-thousands of deaths every year. Despite some groundbreaking therapeutical revelations during the last years, the overall prognosis remains poor. Although the immune system fights malignant transformations with a robust anti-tumor response, certain immune mediators have also been shown to promote cancer development.

Spontaneous Trait Inferences From Behavior: A Systematic Meta-Analysis.

Research suggests that people spontaneously infer traits from behavioral information, thus forming impressions of actors' personalities. Such spontaneous trait inferences (STI) have been examined in a wide range of studies in the last four decades. Here, we provide the first systematic meta-analysis of this vast literature.

CD4 T-cell-derived IL-10 promotes CNS inflammation in mice by sustaining effector T cell survival.

Interleukin (IL)-10 is considered a prototypical anti-inflammatory cytokine, significantly contributing to the maintenance and reestablishment of immune homeostasis. Accordingly, it has been shown in the intestine that IL-10 produced by Tregs can act on effector T cells, thereby limiting inflammation. Herein, we investigate whether this role also applies to IL-10 produced by T cells during central nervous system (CNS) inflammation.

The Relation Between Mean Arterial Pressure and Cardiac Index in Major Abdominal Surgery Patients: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study.

Background: Cardiac output is an important hemodynamic variable and determines oxygen delivery. In contrast to blood pressure, cardiac output is rarely measured even in high-risk surgical patients, suggesting that clinicians consider blood pressure to be a reasonable indicator of systemic blood flow. However, the relationship depends on constant vascular tone and volume, both of which routinely vary during anesthesia and surgery.

Interleukin-10 improves stroke outcome by controlling the detrimental Interleukin-17A response.

Background: Lymphocytes have dichotomous functions in ischemic stroke. Regulatory T cells are protective, while IL-17A from innate lymphocytes promotes the infarct growth. With recent advances of T cell-subtype specific transgenic mouse models it now has become possible to study the complex interplay of T cell subpopulations in ischemic stroke.

Publisher Correction: TGF-β signaling in Th17 cells promotes IL-22 production and colitis-associated colon cancer.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

IL22BP Mediates the Antitumor Effects of Lymphotoxin Against Colorectal Tumors in Mice and Humans.

Background & Aims: Unregulated activity of interleukin (IL) 22 promotes intestinal tumorigenesis in mice. IL22 binds the antagonist IL22 subunit alpha 2 (IL22RA2, also called IL22BP). We studied whether alterations in IL22BP contribute to colorectal carcinogenesis in humans and mice.

Role of IL-10 Receptor Signaling in the Function of CD4+ T-Regulatory Type 1 cells: T-Cell Therapy in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is caused by the interplay of various factors. It occurs in genetically susceptible people due to dysregulated immune responses to several unknown antigens, including those derived from the commensal microbiota. Effector T-helper cells, especially TH17 cells, are considered a major driver of disease progression.

Molecular and functional heterogeneity of IL-10-producing CD4 T cells.

IL-10 is a prototypical anti-inflammatory cytokine, which is fundamental to the maintenance of immune homeostasis, especially in the intestine. There is an assumption that cells producing IL-10 have an immunoregulatory function. However, here we report that IL-10-producing CD4 T cells are phenotypically and functionally heterogeneous.

Primary Care-Mental Health Integration in the Veterans Affairs Health System: Program Characteristics and Performance.

Objectives: The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) has achieved substantial national implementation of primary care-mental health integration (PC-MHI) services. However, little is known regarding program characteristics, variation in characteristics across settings, or associations between program fidelity and performance. This study identified core elements of PC-MHI services and evaluated their associations with program characteristics and performance.

Flt3 ligand expands bona fide innate lymphoid cell precursors in vivo.

A common helper-like innate lymphoid precursor (CHILP) restricted to the innate lymphoid cells (ILC) lineage has been recently characterized. While specific requirements of transcription factors for CHILPs development has been partially described, their ability to sense cytokines and react to peripheral inflammation remains unaddressed. Here, we found that systemic increase in Flt3L levels correlated with the expansion of Lineage (Lin)α4β7 precursors in the adult murine bone marrow.