UK Foot and Ankle Thromboembolism (UK-FATE).

Aims: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a potential complication of foot and ankle surgery. There is a lack of agreement on contributing risk factors and chemical prophylaxis requirements. The primary outcome of this study was to analyze the 90-day incidence of symptomatic VTE and VTE-related mortality in patients undergoing foot and ankle surgery and Achilles tendon (TA) rupture.

Pilot study of lung cancer screening for survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma.

Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) treatment increases the risk of lung cancer. Most HL survivors are not eligible for lung cancer screening (LCS) programs developed for the general population, and the utility of these programs has not been tested in HL survivors. We ran a LCS pilot in HL survivors to describe screening uptake, participant characteristics, impact of a decision aid and screen findings.

Safety of bendamustine for the treatment of indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a UK real-world experience.

Bendamustine is among the most effective chemotherapeutics for indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (iNHL), but trial reports of significant toxicity, including opportunistic infections and excess deaths, led to prescriber warnings. We conducted a multicenter observational study evaluating bendamustine toxicity in real-world practice. Patients receiving at least 1 dose of bendamustine with/without rituximab (R) for iNHL were included.

When donor T cells attack: The curious case of liver transplant-associated acute graft-versus-host-disease.

Graft versus host disease is a rare but deadly complication of solid organ transplant. Clinical features of graft-versus-host-disease are non-specific, which may lead to delayed diagnosis as more common conditions including infections or drug reactions are considered. We describe a 54-year-old male patient who underwent liver transplantation for alcohol use disorder-related cirrhosis and developed acute graft-versus-host disease.

Clinical Utility of Implementing a Frontline NGS-Based DNA and RNA Fusion Panel Test for Patients with Suspected Myeloid Malignancies.

Background: The use of molecular genetic biomarkers is rapidly advancing to aid diagnosis, prognosis, and clinical management of hematological disorders. We have implemented a next-generation sequencing (NGS) assay for detection of genetic variants and fusions as a frontline test for patients suspected with myeloid malignancy. In this study, we summarize the findings and assess the clinical impact in the first 1613 patients tested.

Mutations in Two Patients With Developmental Delay With or Without Epileptic Seizures.

Mutations in the STXBP1 gene have been associated with epileptic encephalopathy. Previous studies from neuroblastoma 2A cells showed that haploinsufficiency of is the mechanism for epileptic encephalopathy. In this study, DNA mutations and RNA expression were assessed from two patients to help understand the impact of mutations on the disease etiology and mechanism.

The perspectives of survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma on lung cancer screening: A qualitative study.

Background: Hodgkin lymphoma survivors (HLS) are at excess risk of lung cancer as a consequence of HL treatment. HLS without a heavy smoking history are currently unable to access lung cancer screening (LCS) programmes aimed at ever smokers, and there is an unmet need to develop a targeted LCS programme. In this study we prospectively explored HLS perspectives on a future LCS programme, including motivating factors and potential barriers to participation, with the aim of identifying ways to optimise uptake in a future programme.

Prognostic factors for relapse in resected gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Gastroenteropancreatic neoplasms (GEP-NENs)can potentially be cured through surgical resection, but only 42-57% achieve 5-year disease-free survival.There is a lack of consensus regarding the factorsassociated withrelapse followingresection ofGEP-NENs.

Methods: Asystematic review identified studies reporting factors associated with relapse in patients with GEP-NENs following resection of a primary tumour.

Qualitative Parental Perceptions of a Paediatric Multidisciplinary Team Clinic for Prader-Willi Syndrome.

Objective: This preliminary review was conducted to inform the design of a new service to support families with children with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). Families were invited to attend a pilot clinic at a hospital outpatient department, comprising appointments with a multi-disciplinary team (MDT).

Methods: Following the clinic, families (n=6) were invited to take part in semi-structured qualitative interviews that were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis.

A Survey of Neonatal Nurses on Mydriatic Regimens Used in Neonatal Retinopathy of Prematurity Eye Examinations.

Objective: This study was aimed to determine mydriatic regimen(s) used in neonatal units in Aotearoa, New Zealand (NZ), and Australia and to estimate the frequency of adverse drug events following mydriatic administration in preterm neonates.

Study Design: A cross-sectional survey was sent to neonatal nursing staff listed in the Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network contact list. Participants were asked to state what mydriatic regimen they use, and to estimate the frequency of adverse drug events when eye drops were administered for retinopathy of prematurity eye examinations (ROPEE).

Randomised controlled pilot trial comparing low dose and very low- dose microdrop administration of phenylephrine and cyclopentolate for retinopathy of prematurity eye examinations in neonates.

Aims: To determine ifVery low dose mydriatic eye microdrop regimen sufficiently dilates the pupil (above 4.1 mm) compared with the currently used low dose mydriatic eye microdrop regimen.Cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and respiratory adverse effects occur following eye drop instillation.

Clinical value of next-generation sequencing compared to cytogenetics in patients with suspected myelodysplastic syndrome.

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) increasingly influences diagnosis, prognosis and management of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). In addition to marrow morphology and flow cytometry, our institution performs cytogenetics (CG) and NGS-based testing routinely in patients with suspected MDS. We evaluated the relative value of NGS in the assessment of patients with suspected MDS.

Probiotics for Prevention of Severe Necrotizing Enterocolitis: Experience of New Zealand Neonatal Intensive Care Units.

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) affects mainly preterm infants, has a multifactorial etiology and is associated with intestinal dysbiosis and disordered immunity. Use of probiotics for prophylaxis is beneficial with studies indicating reduction in NEC ≥ stage 2, late onset sepsis (LOS) and mortality. However, not all studies have shown a reduction, there are questions regarding which probiotic to use, whether infants <1,000 g benefit and the risk of probiotic sepsis.

Risk factors for pulsotype NRCS-A colonisation among premature neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit of a tertiary-care hospital: a retrospective case-control study.

Background: A strain called NRCS-A ( NRCS-A) has emerged as a cause of bloodstream infections and sepsis in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) worldwide.

Aim: To identify risk factors for NRCS-A colonisation among neonates, Dunedin Hospital NICU, Dunedin, New Zealand, from September 2013 through March 2015.

Methods: Weekly axillary swabs categorised eligible neonates as a case or a control.

Standardised neonatal parenteral nutrition formulations - Australasian neonatal parenteral nutrition consensus update 2017.

Background: The first consensus standardised neonatal parenteral nutrition formulations were implemented in many neonatal units in Australia in 2012. The current update involving 49 units from Australia, New Zealand, Singapore, Malaysia and India was conducted between September 2015 and December 2017 with the aim to review and update the 2012 formulations and guidelines.

Methods: A systematic review of available evidence for each parenteral nutrient was undertaken and new standardised formulations and guidelines were developed.

Plasma ammonia concentrations in extremely low birthweight infants in the first week after birth: secondary analysis from the ProVIDe randomized clinical trial.

Background: Little is known about normative ammonia concentrations in extremely low birthweight (ELBW) babies and whether these vary with birth characteristics. We aimed to determine ammonia concentrations in ELBW babies in the first week after birth and relationships with neonatal characteristics and protein intake.

Methods: Arterial blood samples for the measurement of plasma ammonia concentration were collected within 7 days of birth from ProVIDe trial participants in six New Zealand neonatal intensive care units.

In vitro validation of a method for neonatal urine collection and analysis.

Objective: Urine collection and analysis is important for diagnosis, monitoring of clinical progress, and research in neonates. This study aims to validate a novel methodology for neonatal urine collection, which combines the convenience of cotton ball collection with accurate timing via a urine continence monitor.

Design: Laboratory model using a combined cotton ball and urinary incontinence monitor method with and without the presence of an impermeable membrane to prevent desiccation.

Surgical vs non-surgical management of Weber B fractures: A systematic review.

Background: The aim of this systematic review was to compare surgical and non-surgical management of Weber B ankle fractures.

Methods: A systematic computer-based search was conducted using the MEDLINE (via OvidSP), EMBASE (via OvidSP) and Central databases. Data were extracted regarding functional outcome, radiological union, range of motion (RoM), infection rate and quality of life (QoL).

Systematic review of mydriatics used for screening of retinopathy in premature infants.

Introduction: Routine retinopathy of prematurity eye examinations are an important part of neonatal care, and mydriatic medicines are essential in dilating the pupil for the eye examination. There are concerns about the level of evidence for efficacy and safety of these mydriatic medicines.

Objective: This review evaluates both efficacy and safety evidence of mydriatics used during the retinopathy of prematurity eye examination.

Newborn Vitamin K Prophylaxis: A Historical Perspective to Understand Modern Barriers to Uptake.

Since its initial discovery almost a century ago, vitamin K has been labeled as both lifesaving and malignancy causing. This has led to debate of not only its use in general but also regarding its appropriate dose and route. In this article, we review through a historical lens the past 90 years of newborn vitamin K from its discovery through to its modern use of preventing vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB).