Publications by authors named "Broadbent R"

Aims: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a potential complication of foot and ankle surgery. There is a lack of agreement on contributing risk factors and chemical prophylaxis requirements. The primary outcome of this study was to analyze the 90-day incidence of symptomatic VTE and VTE-related mortality in patients undergoing foot and ankle surgery and Achilles tendon (TA) rupture.

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Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) treatment increases the risk of lung cancer. Most HL survivors are not eligible for lung cancer screening (LCS) programs developed for the general population, and the utility of these programs has not been tested in HL survivors. We ran a LCS pilot in HL survivors to describe screening uptake, participant characteristics, impact of a decision aid and screen findings.

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Bendamustine is among the most effective chemotherapeutics for indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (iNHL), but trial reports of significant toxicity, including opportunistic infections and excess deaths, led to prescriber warnings. We conducted a multicenter observational study evaluating bendamustine toxicity in real-world practice. Patients receiving at least 1 dose of bendamustine with/without rituximab (R) for iNHL were included.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to see if very low dose (VLD) mydriatic microdrops are as effective as low dose (LD) drops for retinal exams in premature infants with retinopathy.
  • Conducted in New Zealand, the trial involved 150 infants with specific criteria regarding birth weight and gestational age, comparing VLD and LD treatments.
  • Results showed that VLD drops were equally effective as LD drops for successful eye examinations, proving safe for both Māori and non-Māori infants.
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Graft versus host disease is a rare but deadly complication of solid organ transplant. Clinical features of graft-versus-host-disease are non-specific, which may lead to delayed diagnosis as more common conditions including infections or drug reactions are considered. We describe a 54-year-old male patient who underwent liver transplantation for alcohol use disorder-related cirrhosis and developed acute graft-versus-host disease.

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Article Synopsis
  • Many Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) survivors face an increased risk of lung cancer due to their previous treatments, but there's currently no screening for those without heavy smoking histories.
  • A study was conducted using surveys sent to HL survivors to assess their willingness for lung cancer screening and identify factors contributing to hesitancy about participation.
  • Results showed a high interest (98%) in lung cancer screening among participants, with key hesitancy factors linked to being male, living in more deprived areas, and having lower self-efficacy related to health.
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Background: The use of molecular genetic biomarkers is rapidly advancing to aid diagnosis, prognosis, and clinical management of hematological disorders. We have implemented a next-generation sequencing (NGS) assay for detection of genetic variants and fusions as a frontline test for patients suspected with myeloid malignancy. In this study, we summarize the findings and assess the clinical impact in the first 1613 patients tested.

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Article Synopsis
  • A decision aid (DA) was developed to help Hodgkin lymphoma survivors make informed choices about lung cancer screening, demonstrating a gap in available resources for this specific patient group.
  • The pilot testing involved an online survey and focus groups, where participants showed improved knowledge and reduced decisional conflict after using the DA, as well as positive feedback on its format and content.
  • Both survivors and practitioners acknowledged the DA's potential role in reducing anxiety regarding lung cancer risk while emphasizing the importance of consultations with clinical teams for additional guidance.
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Mutations in the STXBP1 gene have been associated with epileptic encephalopathy. Previous studies from neuroblastoma 2A cells showed that haploinsufficiency of is the mechanism for epileptic encephalopathy. In this study, DNA mutations and RNA expression were assessed from two patients to help understand the impact of mutations on the disease etiology and mechanism.

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Background: Hodgkin lymphoma survivors (HLS) are at excess risk of lung cancer as a consequence of HL treatment. HLS without a heavy smoking history are currently unable to access lung cancer screening (LCS) programmes aimed at ever smokers, and there is an unmet need to develop a targeted LCS programme. In this study we prospectively explored HLS perspectives on a future LCS programme, including motivating factors and potential barriers to participation, with the aim of identifying ways to optimise uptake in a future programme.

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Background: Gastroenteropancreatic neoplasms (GEP-NENs)can potentially be cured through surgical resection, but only 42-57% achieve 5-year disease-free survival.There is a lack of consensus regarding the factorsassociated withrelapse followingresection ofGEP-NENs.

Methods: Asystematic review identified studies reporting factors associated with relapse in patients with GEP-NENs following resection of a primary tumour.

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Objective: This preliminary review was conducted to inform the design of a new service to support families with children with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). Families were invited to attend a pilot clinic at a hospital outpatient department, comprising appointments with a multi-disciplinary team (MDT).

Methods: Following the clinic, families (n=6) were invited to take part in semi-structured qualitative interviews that were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis.

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Objective: This study was aimed to determine mydriatic regimen(s) used in neonatal units in Aotearoa, New Zealand (NZ), and Australia and to estimate the frequency of adverse drug events following mydriatic administration in preterm neonates.

Study Design: A cross-sectional survey was sent to neonatal nursing staff listed in the Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network contact list. Participants were asked to state what mydriatic regimen they use, and to estimate the frequency of adverse drug events when eye drops were administered for retinopathy of prematurity eye examinations (ROPEE).

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Aims: To determine ifVery low dose mydriatic eye microdrop regimen sufficiently dilates the pupil (above 4.1 mm) compared with the currently used low dose mydriatic eye microdrop regimen.Cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and respiratory adverse effects occur following eye drop instillation.

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Next-generation sequencing (NGS) increasingly influences diagnosis, prognosis and management of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). In addition to marrow morphology and flow cytometry, our institution performs cytogenetics (CG) and NGS-based testing routinely in patients with suspected MDS. We evaluated the relative value of NGS in the assessment of patients with suspected MDS.

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Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) affects mainly preterm infants, has a multifactorial etiology and is associated with intestinal dysbiosis and disordered immunity. Use of probiotics for prophylaxis is beneficial with studies indicating reduction in NEC ≥ stage 2, late onset sepsis (LOS) and mortality. However, not all studies have shown a reduction, there are questions regarding which probiotic to use, whether infants <1,000 g benefit and the risk of probiotic sepsis.

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Background: A strain called NRCS-A ( NRCS-A) has emerged as a cause of bloodstream infections and sepsis in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) worldwide.

Aim: To identify risk factors for NRCS-A colonisation among neonates, Dunedin Hospital NICU, Dunedin, New Zealand, from September 2013 through March 2015.

Methods: Weekly axillary swabs categorised eligible neonates as a case or a control.

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Background: The first consensus standardised neonatal parenteral nutrition formulations were implemented in many neonatal units in Australia in 2012. The current update involving 49 units from Australia, New Zealand, Singapore, Malaysia and India was conducted between September 2015 and December 2017 with the aim to review and update the 2012 formulations and guidelines.

Methods: A systematic review of available evidence for each parenteral nutrient was undertaken and new standardised formulations and guidelines were developed.

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Background: Little is known about normative ammonia concentrations in extremely low birthweight (ELBW) babies and whether these vary with birth characteristics. We aimed to determine ammonia concentrations in ELBW babies in the first week after birth and relationships with neonatal characteristics and protein intake.

Methods: Arterial blood samples for the measurement of plasma ammonia concentration were collected within 7 days of birth from ProVIDe trial participants in six New Zealand neonatal intensive care units.

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Objective: Urine collection and analysis is important for diagnosis, monitoring of clinical progress, and research in neonates. This study aims to validate a novel methodology for neonatal urine collection, which combines the convenience of cotton ball collection with accurate timing via a urine continence monitor.

Design: Laboratory model using a combined cotton ball and urinary incontinence monitor method with and without the presence of an impermeable membrane to prevent desiccation.

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Background: The aim of this systematic review was to compare surgical and non-surgical management of Weber B ankle fractures.

Methods: A systematic computer-based search was conducted using the MEDLINE (via OvidSP), EMBASE (via OvidSP) and Central databases. Data were extracted regarding functional outcome, radiological union, range of motion (RoM), infection rate and quality of life (QoL).

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Introduction: Routine retinopathy of prematurity eye examinations are an important part of neonatal care, and mydriatic medicines are essential in dilating the pupil for the eye examination. There are concerns about the level of evidence for efficacy and safety of these mydriatic medicines.

Objective: This review evaluates both efficacy and safety evidence of mydriatics used during the retinopathy of prematurity eye examination.

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Since its initial discovery almost a century ago, vitamin K has been labeled as both lifesaving and malignancy causing. This has led to debate of not only its use in general but also regarding its appropriate dose and route. In this article, we review through a historical lens the past 90 years of newborn vitamin K from its discovery through to its modern use of preventing vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB).

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