Genome-wide epigenetic profiling and transcriptome analysis in pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A focus on Black female children.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a common sleep-related breathing disorder characterized by airway obstruction during sleep. Diagnosing pediatric OSA is challenging, particularly in underrepresented populations, leading to disparities in treatment and long-term negative health outcomes. Our study aimed to identify alternative diagnostic tools by investigating genome-wide epigenetic changes and associated transcriptomic alterations in Black female, pediatric patients with OSA.

Synkinetic Brow Dysfunction: Diagnosis and Treatment Algorithm.

The diagnosis and management of brow dysfunction in patients with postfacial paralysis with synkinesis can be perplexing and challenging for the treating physician. To describe a novel diagnostic and treatment algorithm for brow dysfunction in patients with postfacial paralysis with synkinesis. Surgical pearls-description of novel surgical technique.

End-to-Trunk Masseteric to Facial Nerve Transfer With Selective Neurectomy for Facial Reanimation.

Objective: To examine functional outcomes following end-to-trunk masseteric to facial nerve transfer in patients with chronic flaccid facial paralysis.

Design: Retrospective chart review.

Setting: Tertiary-care private practice setting.

Epigenetics of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a systematic review.

Study Objectives: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic and widely prevalent disease associated with multiple health disorders. Current diagnostic strategies for OSA are limited because of cost, time, and access. Epigenetic signatures offer insight into the relationships between disease and environment and could play a significant role in developing both diagnostic and therapeutic tools for OSA.

Synkinetic Unilateral Lower Lip Palsy: Diagnosis and Technical Considerations for Facial Reanimation.

There are no universally adopted surgical techniques to treat depressor labii inferioris (DLI) dysfunction in patients with postfacial paralysis synkinesis. We describe a novel description of this disorder and technical surgical considerations for reanimation. To describe a new classification for DLI dysfunction and a surgical option to restore a natural appearing full dentition smile.

The impact of resident involvement on tonsillectomy outcomes and surgical time.

Objective: Posttonsillectomy hemorrhage can be life-threatening, so we investigated whether patients are at increased risk with an inexperienced surgeon. There is scant information on how surgical experience affects outcomes in pediatric tonsillectomy. We hypothesized that supervised residents would have longer operative times but no difference in complication rates compared to attending surgeons.

Validation of an Objective Assessment Tool for Tonsillectomy in Otolaryngology Resident Training.

Objective: Create and validate an objective structured assessment of technical skills (OSATS) for otolaryngology residents learning how to perform a tonsillectomy.

Study Design: Multicenter prospective longitudinal validation study.

Methods: A multi-institutional study at six tertiary academic otolaryngology residency programs from July 2009 to May 2012.

The impact of persistent pediatric obstructive sleep apnea on the Quality of Life of Patients' families.

Objectives: To (1) quantify the quality of life (QOL) for families of children affected by persistent obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and (2) assess factors contributing to the negative impact of OSA on families.

Methods: Prospective case series in a multidisciplinary upper airway center at a tertiary pediatric institution. Our study included patients with persistent OSA referred to our clinic from 2014 to 2016.

CO2 laser supraglottic resurfacing for non-granulomatous chronic supraglottitis in two children.

Chronic epiglottitis and supraglottitis are clinical entities that present with respiratory distress and are primarily associated with autoimmune disorders, gastroesophageal reflux disease, or angioedema. First described in adults with sarcoidosis in 2010, CO2 laser epiglottis resurfacing has been effective in reducing epiglottic edema. We present two cases of adolescent males with non-granulomatous chronic supraglottitis who were successfully treated with CO2 laser supraglottic resurfacing.

Relative Preservation of Superior Semicircular Canal Architecture in CHARGE Syndrome.

Objectives: (1) Describe common patterns of semicircular canal (SCC) anomalies in CHARGE syndrome (CS) and (2) recognize that in CS, the architecture of the superior SCC may be relatively preserved.

Study Design: This is a retrospective review of temporal bone imaging studies.

Setting: Quaternary care center.

Safety of radiofrequency ablation for adenotonsillectomy after cochlear implantation.

Objective: While a cadaveric animal study has suggested that radiofrequency ablation can be safely used in patients with cochlear implants, no in vivo studies have been published to confirm that radiofrequency ablation does not alter the integrity of the cochlear implant device.

Methods: Cochlear implant impedance and functional performance were studied through a prospective case series in five children with seven functioning multichannel implants before and after radiofrequency ablation adenotonsillectomy.

Results: There were 4 females and 1 male patient, aged 6-10 years (mean 8.

Tonsillar Small Cell Carcinoma: Potential Contribution of Human Papillomavirus.

BACKGROUND Extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma (SmCC) is a relatively rare clinical entity constituting only 2.5-5% of SmCCs. Recently, evidence has emerged that high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV) might play an etiologic role in oropharyngeal SmCC, similar to squamous cell carcinoma.

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis presenting as facial nerve palsy in a teenager.

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA, previously known as Wegener's granulomatosis) is an autoimmune systemic small-vessel vasculitis, associated with the presence of anti-neurophil cytoplasmic antibodies with a cytoplasmic staining pattern (c-ANCA). It is characterized by necrotizing granulomas, usually affecting the airways and kidneys. GPA should be considered when patients do not improve despite adequate treatment of otologic symptoms, when patients have unspecific symptoms suggesting systemic disease (e.

Perceived compliance and barriers to care in sublingual immunotherapy.

Background: For allergy immunotherapy to be effective, patient compliance is critical. However, aqueous sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) may be considered demanding for patients, requiring strict daily dosing and refilling of medication at regular intervals. In this study we sought to determine how patients perceive their own compliance with SLIT and identify barriers that may hinder compliance.

Immunotherapy compliance: comparison of subcutaneous versus sublingual immunotherapy.

Background: Patient compliance is critical for successful allergen immunotherapy (AIT). Previous studies suggest that AIT compliance is worse outside of controlled clinical trials, with reported subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) and sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) noncompliance at 11% to 50% and 3% to 25%, respectively.

Methods: A retrospective review of 384 AIT patients at a single, tertiary care otolaryngic allergy practice evaluated SCIT and SLIT compliance, based on treatment stage.

Pruritus epidemiology and quality of life.

The burden of chronic pruritus is increasingly recognized as significant worldwide. As wet-laboratory researchers investigate the pathophysiology of chronic pruritus, epidemiologists and health services researchers are quantifying the impact of pruritus by incidence, prevalence, and quality of life measures. Outcomes researchers are also investigating factors that may predict chronic pruritus incidence and severity.

Functional characterization of a SUMO deconjugating protease of Plasmodium falciparum using newly identified small molecule inhibitors.

Small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) is implicated in the regulation of numerous biological processes including transcription, protein localization, and cell cycle control. Protein modification by SUMO is found in Plasmodium falciparum; however, its role in the regulation of the parasite life cycle is poorly understood. Here we describe functional studies of a SUMO-specific protease (SENP) of P.