Obtaining Multiple Coproducts from Red Grape Pomace via Anthocyanin Extraction and Biogas Production.

Red grape pomace (RGP), a byproduct of red wine production, is an abundant food processing waste stream in California, rich in both anthocyanins, a class of red-blue pigments, and lignocellulose. Extraction of anthocyanins and biofuel production from RGP have been investigated independently, but no research has examined employing both strategies together for maximal valorization. In this study, anthocyanins were most effectively extracted from RGP at 80 °C.

Immunomodulatory and Antibacterial Properties of the Chumash Medicinal Plant Trichostema lanatum.

The woody shrub Benth. (Lamiaceae) is native to Southern California and was reportedly used by the Chumash people as a disinfectant and for the treatment of rheumatism. Based on its traditional uses, this study investigated the antibacterial and immunomodulatory properties of extracts from A methanolic extract of the leaves and stems of was tested for immunomodulatory activity by measuring the proliferation of murine macrophage cell cultures and the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α by the cells after treatment with .

Antibacterial activity of fractions from three Chumash medicinal plant extracts and in vitro inhibition of the enzyme enoyl reductase by the flavonoid jaceosidin.

We have investigated the in vitro antibacterial bioactivity of dichloromethane-soluble fractions of Artemisia californica, Trichostema lanatum, Salvia apiana, Sambucus nigra ssp. cerulea and Quercus agrifolia Née against a ΔtolC mutant strain of Escherichia coli. These plants are traditional medicinal plants of the Chumash American Indians of Southern California.

The Effect of Ionic Liquid Pretreatment on the Bioconversion of Tomato Processing Waste to Fermentable Sugars and Biogas.

Tomato pomace is an abundant lignocellulosic waste stream from industrial tomato processing and therefore a potential feedstock for production of renewable biofuels. However, little research has been conducted to determine if pretreatment can enhance release of fermentable sugars from tomato pomace. Ionic liquids (ILs) are an emerging pretreatment technology for lignocellulosic biomass to increase enzymatic digestibility and biofuel yield while utilizing recyclable chemicals with low toxicity.