Peripheral threat detection in facial expressions by younger and older adults.

Everyday threat detection includes recognizing threat cues in facial expressions found in our peripheral visual field. The current study examined age differences in the detection of emotion in low and high intensity angry and fearful facial expressions presented in younger and older adults' parafoveal (±5°) and peripheral visual field (±10°, ±15°). For both age groups, detection performance was better for higher than for lower intensity stimuli, and detection performance declined with greater peripheral distance.

The prevalence and volumetry of pituitary cysts in children with growth hormone deficiency and idiopathic short stature.

Background Pituitary cysts have been speculated to cause endocrinopathies. We sought to describe the prevalence and volumetry of pituitary cysts in patients with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and idiopathic short stature (ISS). Methods Six hundred and eighteen children evaluated for growth failure at the Division of Pediatric Endocrinology at New York Medical College between the years 2002 and 2012, who underwent GH stimulation testing and had a brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) prior to initiating GH treatment were randomly selected to be a part of this study.

Mast cells in the periprosthetic breast capsule.

Background: Symptomatic capsular contracture occurs in about 10 % of primary breast augmentations and in more than double that rate in reconstruction after mastectomy, especially in the setting of radiation. Mast cells, traditionally associated with immune response and inflammation, secrete profibrotic mediators and may play a role in capsule formation and contracture. We analyzed the mast cell and fibroblast populations in breast capsule tissue from patients who underwent capsular excision.