DJ-1/PARK7 Impairs Bacterial Clearance in Sepsis.

Rationale: Effective and rapid bacterial clearance is a fundamental determinant of outcomes in sepsis. DJ-1 is a well-established reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger.

Objectives: Because cellular ROS status is pivotal to inflammation and bacterial killing, we determined the role of DJ-1 in bacterial sepsis.

In utero Undernutrition Programs Skeletal and Cardiac Muscle Metabolism.

In utero undernutrition is associated with increased risk for insulin resistance, obesity, and cardiovascular disease during adult life. A common phenotype associated with low birth weight is reduced skeletal muscle mass. Given the central role of skeletal muscle in whole body metabolism, alterations in its mass as well as its metabolic characteristics may contribute to disease risk.

Undernutrition during pregnancy in mice leads to dysfunctional cardiac muscle respiration in adult offspring.

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with an increased risk of developing obesity, insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease. However, its effect on energetics in heart remains unknown. In the present study, we examined respiration in cardiac muscle and liver from adult mice that were undernourished in utero.

Evaluating the health literacy burden of Canada's public advisories: a comparative effectiveness study on clarity and readability.

Background: Significant knowledge gaps exist related to evaluating health product risk communication effectiveness in a regulatory setting. To this end, Health Canada is assessing methods to evaluate the effectiveness of their health product risk communications in an attempt to identify best practices.

Objective: We examined the health literacy burden of Public Advisories (PAs) before and after implementation of a new template.

Increased proton leak and SOD2 expression in myotubes from obese non-diabetic subjects with a family history of type 2 diabetes.

Muscle insulin resistance is linked to oxidative stress and decreased mitochondrial function. However, the exact cause of muscle insulin resistance is still unknown. Since offspring of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are susceptible to developing insulin resistance, they are ideal for studying the early development of insulin resistance.

Distinct skeletal muscle fiber characteristics and gene expression in diet-sensitive versus diet-resistant obesity.

Inter-individual variability in weight gain and loss under energy surfeit and deficit conditions, respectively, are well recognized but poorly understood phenomena. We documented weight loss variability in an intensively supervised clinical weight loss program and assessed skeletal muscle gene expression and phenotypic characteristics related to variable response to a 900 kcal regimen. Matched pairs of healthy, diet-compliant, obese diet-sensitive (ODS) and diet-resistant (ODR) subjects were defined as those in the highest and lowest quintiles for weight loss rate.