Basophil FceRI expression-A management tool in anti-IgE treatment of allergic asthma.

Background: Immune-based therapy targeting immunoglobulin E (IgE), anti-IgE treatment, has emerged as an adjunct treatment for children with severe allergic asthma. After start of anti-IgE treatment, an effect of the treatment cannot be monitored by Total-IgE, because current methods measure both bound and free IgE molecules. Basophil activation test may be very useful for monitoring anti-IgE treatment efficacy.

Behavioural side effects of inhaled corticosteroids among children and adolescents with asthma.

Background: Inhalation corticosteroids (ICS) are prescribed for treatment of asthma in approximately 3% of all children in Denmark. Despite limited evidence, case reports suggest that ICS-related behavioural adverse drug events (ADEs) may be frequent. In general, underreporting of ADEs to official databases is common, and little is known about doctor's clinical experiences with behavioural ADEs when prescribing ICS for children with asthma.

Blood pressure, sympathovagal tone, exercise capacity and metabolic status are linked in Turner syndrome.

Objectives: We studied cardiac autonomic changes in relation to metabolic factors, body composition and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure measurements in Turner syndrome patients without known hypertension.

Design: Cross sectional.

Patients: Participants were 48 TS women and 24 healthy female controls aged over 18 years.

Clinical care of adult Turner syndrome--new aspects.

Turner syndrome (TS) is characterized by numerous medical challenges during adolescence and adulthood. Puberty has to be induced in most cases, and female sex hormone replacement therapy (HRT) should continue during adult years. These issues are normally dealt with by the paediatrician, but once a TS female enters adulthood it is less clear who should be the primary care giver.

Estradiol acutely inhibits whole body lipid oxidation and attenuates lipolysis in subcutaneous adipose tissue: a randomized, placebo-controlled study in postmenopausal women.

Context: Estradiol (E(2)) promotes and maintains the female phenotype characterized by subcutaneous fat accumulation. There is evidence to suggest that this effect is due to increased anti-lipolytic α2A-adrenergic receptors, but whether this requires long-term exposure to E(2) or is an immediate effect is not clear.

Objective: To study acute effects of a single dose (4 mg) of 17β-E(2) on regional and systemic lipolysis.

Left ventricular hypertrophy in Turner syndrome: a prospective echocardiographic study.

Background: Cardiovascular risk stratification in Turner syndrome (TS) is difficult. Increased left ventricular mass associates with an adverse prognosis in several settings, and this study aimed to elucidate this risk marker in relation to metabolic and cardiovascular status in TS.

Methods: An echocardiographic follow-up study (4.

Carotid intima-media thickness is increased in Turner syndrome: multifactorial pathogenesis depending on age, blood pressure, cholesterol and oestrogen treatment.

Objective: Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) may potentially supplement cardiovascular risk assessment in Turner syndrome (TS), where cardiovascular risk is high and appropriate risk stratification difficult. Knowledge of IMT in TS is scarce, and this study aimed to enhance insight into the cardiovascular risk marker.

Design, Patients And Measurements: IMT was cross-sectionally assessed by ultrasonography of the common carotid artery (cIMT) and carotid bulb (bIMT) in TS (n = 69, age 40 ± 10 years) and age-matched, healthy female controls (n = 67).

Coagulation and fibrinolytic disturbances are related to carotid intima thickness and arterial blood pressure in Turner syndrome.

Objective: Turner syndrome (TS) is characterized by growth retardation, hypogonadism and a high risk of cardiovascular complications and atherosclerosis; case reports suggest that thrombo-embolic complications may be present.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Patients: Sixty women with TS.

Dilation of the ascending aorta in Turner syndrome - a prospective cardiovascular magnetic resonance study.

Background: The risk of aortic dissection is 100-fold increased in Turner syndrome (TS). Unfortunately, risk stratification is inadequate due to a lack of insight into the natural course of the syndrome-associated aortopathy. Therefore, this study aimed to prospectively assess aortic dimensions in TS.

Delayed β-cell response and glucose intolerance in young women with Turner syndrome.

Background: To investigate glucose homeostasis in detail in Turner syndrome (TS), where impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and type 2 diabetes are frequent.

Methods: Cross sectional study of women with Turner syndrome (TS)(n = 13) and age and body mass index matched controls (C) (n = 13), evaluated by glucose tolerance (oral and intravenous glucose tolerance test (OGTT and IVGTT)), insulin sensitivity (hyperinsulinemic, euglycemic clamp), beta-cell function (hyperglycaemic clamp, arginine and GLP-1 stimulation) and insulin pulsatility.

Results: Fasting glucose and insulin levels were similar.

Acute estrogen exposure does not affect basal very low-density lipoprotein-triglyceride production or oxidation in postmenopausal women.

Context: Long-term hormone replacement therapy (HRT) with estradiol (E(2)) is associated with an altered lipid profile including unfavorable increases in triglyceride (TG) concentrations and augmented hepatic very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)-TG production. There are indications that this effect of estrogens may be immediate.

Objective: To study the in vivo effect of a single dose of E(2) on VLDL-TG kinetics and oxidation in humans.

Abnormalities of the major intrathoracic arteries in Turner syndrome as revealed by magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: Ectatic aortopathy and arterial abnormalities cause excess morbidity and mortality in Turner syndrome, where a state of vasculopathy seemingly extends into the major head and neck branch arteries.

Objective: We investigated the prevalence of abnormalities of the major intrathoracic arteries, their interaction with arterial dimensions, and their association with karyotype.

Design: Magnetic resonance imaging scans determined the arterial abnormalities as well as head and neck branch artery and aortic dimensions in 99 adult women with Turner syndrome compared with 33 healthy female controls.

Thoracic aortopathy in Turner syndrome and the influence of bicuspid aortic valves and blood pressure: a CMR study.

Background: To investigate aortic dimensions in women with Turner syndrome (TS) in relation to aortic valve morphology, blood pressure, karyotype, and clinical characteristics.

Methods And Results: A cross sectional study of 102 women with TS (mean age 37.7; 18-62 years) examined by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR- successful in 95), echocardiography, and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure.

Long-term hormone replacement therapy preserves bone mineral density in Turner syndrome.

Context: Reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and increased risk of fractures are present in many women with Turner syndrome (TS).

Objective: Examine longitudinal changes in BMD in TS and relate changes to biochemical parameters.

Design: Prospective, pragmatic, and observational study.

Turner syndrome and clinical treatment.

Background: Turner syndrome (TS) is a genetic disorder associated with abnormalities of the X chromosome, occurring in about 50 per 100,000 liveborn girls. TS is usually associated with reduced adult height, gonadal dysgenesis and thus insufficient circulating levels of female sex steroids leading to premature ovarian failure and infertility. The average intellectual performance is within the normal range.

Body composition is distinctly altered in Turner syndrome: relations to glucose metabolism, circulating adipokines, and endothelial adhesion molecules.

Background: Body composition in Turner syndrome (TS) is altered with final height of TS decreased; anthropometry and bone mass distinctly changed.

Aim: To describe total and regional distribution of fat and muscle mass in TS and the relation to measures of glucose metabolism, sex hormones, IGFs, and markers of inflammation and vascular function.

Material And Methods: Fifty-four women with TS (mean age, 42.

Clinical and epidemiological description of aortic dissection in Turner's syndrome.

Background: Women with Turner's syndrome have an increased risk of congenital cardiac malformations, ischaemic heart disease, hypertension and stroke. Aortic dissection seems to occur with increased frequency.

Aim: To describe in more detail aortic dissection as encountered in Turner's syndrome, giving attention to clinical, histological and epidemiological aspects.

Effect of growth hormone and 17beta-oestradiol treatment on metabolism and body composition in girls with Turner syndrome.

Objective: Girls with Turner syndrome (TS) receive GH treatment during childhood, and in adolescence this treatment may be combined with oestradiol. We have studied the effects of this combined treatment on metabolism and body composition.

Material And Methods: We performed a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, crossover study.