Neonatal Eating Assessment Tool-Mixed Breastfeeding and Bottle-feeding: Reference values and factors associated with problematic feeding symptoms in healthy, full-term infants.

Background: The Neonatal Eating Assessment Tool-Mixed Breastfeeding and Bottle-feeding (NeoEAT-Mixed Feeding) is a parent-report assessment of symptoms of problematic feeding in infants who are feeding by both breast and bottle.

Purpose: To establish reference values for the NeoEAT-Mixed Feeding and evaluate factors that contribute to symptoms of problematic feeding in healthy, full-term infants.

Methodology: Parents of 409 infants less than 7 months old completed an online survey.

Prevalence of Parent-Reported Problematic Eating Behaviors and Skills at 8-24 Months of Age in Infants Born at Less Than 34 Weeks Gestation.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the evolution and prevalence of parent-reported problematic feeding behaviors and eating skills in infants born prior to 34 weeks at the time of eating solid foods between 8 and 24 months of age, and to explore the associations between problematic feeding and the impact on the parent and family.

Method: Parents of eligible children ( = 35) completed an online survey when their child was 8, 10, 12, 18, and 24 months corrected age. The survey included the Pediatric Eating Assessment Tool (PediEAT), Child Oral and Motor Proficiency Scale (ChOMPS), and the Feeding Impact Scales-Family and Parent.

Gastrointestinal and Gastroesophageal Reflux Scale Reference Values.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine age-based reference values for the Gastrointestinal and Gastroesophageal Reflux (GIGER) Scale for Infants and Toddlers.

Study Design And Methods: GIGER data from healthy, full-term born children under 2 years of age were used to determine reference values. For each age group, median, interquartile range, 90 th , and 95 th percentile scores were calculated for each subscale and the total score.

Physiology of Human Lactation and Strategies to Support Milk Supply for Breastfeeding.

Despite advances across the globe in breastfeeding initiation rates, many families continue to report they are not meeting their breastfeeding goals. Concerns about milk supply, infant nutritional intake, and infant weight gain are among the most commonly cited reasons for early breastfeeding cessation. Nurses working with individuals during the perinatal period are uniquely positioned to educate families and offer evidence-based interventions to promote optimal milk supply, infant growth, and maternal mental and physical health.

Being a "Good Parent" to a NICU Infant With a Major Congenital Anomaly.

Background: In the United States, up to one-third of infants with a congenital anomaly require neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) hospitalization. Parents of these infants may have different decision-making priorities, which may be influenced by the timing of the infant's diagnosis.

Purpose: (1) To compare the ranked importance of decision-making beliefs for parents of infants who received a prenatal versus postnatal congenital diagnosis and (2) explore how parents describe their decision-making beliefs.

Development, Psychometric Testing, and Reference Values of the Infant Eating Assessment Tool (InfantEAT).

Background: Problematic feeding is common in infancy, particularly in infants with a history of premature birth or medical complexity. A concise, valid, and reliable measure of feeding that can be used across feeding methods is needed for clinical practice and research.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to create an assessment tool to evaluate symptoms of problematic feeding in infants that can be used across all feeding methods (breastfeeding, bottle-feeding, and mixed feeding), then test its psychometric properties and establish reference values.

Application of the Adverse Childhood Experiences Framework to the NICU.

Background: Infants and families requiring neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) care often experience significant stress and trauma during the earliest period of the infant's life, leading to increased risks for poorer infant and family outcomes. There is a need for frameworks to guide clinical care and research that account for the complex interactions of generational stress, pain, toxic stress, parental separation, and lifelong health and developmental outcomes for infants and families.

Purpose: Apply the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) framework in the context of the NICU as a usable structure to guide clinical practice and research focused on infant neurodevelopment outcomes and parental attachment.

State of the Science on the Benefits of Human Milk for Hospitalized, Vulnerable Neonates.

Research on human milk has increased dramatically in recent years. The purpose of this review is to describe the literature on the health benefits of human milk for hospitalized, vulnerable neonates. PubMed, CINAHL, and Embase were searched for research articles reporting the health outcomes of hospitalized neonates who were exposed to human milk.

Feeding at 6-12 months in infants with CHD.

Background: Feeding difficulty is common in infants with CHD.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the feeding skills and behaviours of infants with CHD at 6-12 months of age and explore relationships between feeding, gastrointestinal distress, and gastroesophageal reflux.

Methods: Parents of 30 infants with CHD completed online surveys when their infant was 6, 8, 10, and 12 months old.

Translation, Cultural Adaption, and Validation of the Persian Version of the Pediatric Eating Assessment Tool.

Introduction: The Pediatric Eating Assessment Tool (PediEAT) is a parent-report tool to assess feeding problems in children aged 6 months to 7 years. This study aimed to translate and adapt the PediEAT to Persian and determine its psychometric properties.

Methods: The PediEAT was translated and culturally adapted the following guidelines for health-related instruments.

Breastfeeding Symptoms with Tongue- and Lip-Tie.

Purpose: The aims of this study were to describe maternal and infant symptoms relative to tongue- and lip-tie severity and describe changes in symptoms and feeding efficiency from pre- to post-frenotomy.

Study Design And Methods: A one-group pre- and post-intervention study design was used. Data from a dental practice were collected from medical records of infants less than 1 year old who underwent a frenotomy procedure for tongue- and/or lip-tie.

Gastrointestinal Symptom Improvement for Infants Following Tongue-Tie Correction.

Treatment of tongue-tie in infants suggests improvements for breastfeeding mothers, including reduced nipple pain and improved latching onto the breast. The effects of frenotomy on infant feeding and gastrointestinal dysfunction remain controversial, with insufficient evidence on the relationship between tongue-tie and disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. The purpose of this study was to compare symptoms of gastrointestinal (GI) distress and gastroesophageal reflux (GER) prior to and 2 weeks following frenotomy in infants with tongue-tie.

Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Neonatal Eating Assessment Tool-Breastfeeding Into Tamil.

Objective: To adapt the Neonatal Eating Assessment Tool-Breastfeeding (NeoEAT-Breastfeeding) into Tamil, a language spoken in several South Asian countries, to identify the tool's factor structure, and to assess its psychometric properties.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: Tertiary care hospital in South India.

Effect of Frenotomy on Maternal Breastfeeding Symptoms and the Relationship Between Maternal Symptoms and Problematic Infant Feeding.

The relationship between maternal symptoms and problematic infant feeding in the context of tongue-tie is unknown. In a sample of infants with tongue-tie undergoing frenotomy and their mothers, the aims of this study were to: (1) describe changes in maternal symptoms pre- and post-frenotomy, and (2) evaluate the relationships between maternal symptoms and symptoms of problematic feeding pre- and post-frenotomy. Mother-infant dyads were recruited from 1 pediatric dental office between July and November 2020.

The Gastrointestinal and Gastroesophageal Reflux (GIGER) Scale for Infants and Toddlers.

The purpose of this study was to describe the development of the Gastrointestinal and Gastroesophageal Reflux (GIGER) Scale for Infants and Toddlers, and determine its factor structure and psychometric properties. Items were developed to comprehensively assess gastrointestinal (GI) and gastroesophageal reflux (GER) symptoms observable by a parent. Exploratory factor analysis on 391 responses from parents of children under 2 years old resulted in a 36-item scale with 3 subscales.

Milk Flow Rates From Bottle Nipples: What We Know and Why It Matters.

Feeding difficulties are common in infants hospitalized in the NICU and can be a challenge to manage. The purpose of this article is to explain how and why the flow rate from the bottle nipple affects physiologic stability in infants and to describe the current evidence available on the flow rates of nipples used in the hospital and after discharge. Study results have indicated that flow rate varies widely among different types of nipples.

Prevalence of problematic feeding in young children born prematurely: a meta-analysis.

Background: Difficulties related to eating are often reported in children born preterm. The objective of this study was to quantitatively synthesize available data on the prevalence of problematic feeding in children under 4 years of age who were born preterm.

Methods: Literature was identified from PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycInfo.

Elevated Intestinal Inflammation in Preterm Infants With Signs and Symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease.

Objectives: Reflux is common in infancy; however, persistent signs and symptoms of gastrointestinal distress are often attributed to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). In this pilot study, we aimed to characterize associations between signs and symptoms of suspected GERD and noninvasive markers of intestinal inflammation in preterm infants.

Methods: We reviewed Electronic Medical Record (EMR) data to identify clinical signs and symptoms among case patients (n = 16).

Effect of Formula Type and Preparation on International Dysphagia Diet Standardisation Initiative Thickness Level and Milk Flow Rates From Bottle Teats.

Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of infant formula type and preparation (i.e., ready-to-feed vs.

The Impact of Feeding on the Parent and Family Scales (Feeding Impact Scales): Development and Psychometric Testing.

Background And Purpose: Families of children with feeding disorder face significant challenges in supporting their child's feeding, growth, and development. The Feeding Impact Scales were developed to assess how child feeding impacts parent and family.

Methods: Items were adapted from an existing scale.

The prevalence of ankyloglossia in children aged <1 year: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Despite the low level of evidence supporting the correction of tongue-tie for breastfeeding problems, recognition and treatment has increased substantially over the past 15 years. Prevalence reporting of tongue-tie is variable. The purpose of this study was to quantitatively synthesize the prevalence of tongue-tie in children aged <1 year and to examine the psychometric properties of the assessment tools used for diagnosing tongue-tie in these studies.

Bottle-Feeding Challenges in Preterm-Born Infants in the First 7 Months of Life.

Preterm infants frequently experience oral feeding challenges while in the neonatal intensive care unit, with research focusing on infant feeding during this hospital stay. There is little data on symptoms of problematic feeding in preterm-born infants in the months after discharge. The purpose of this study was to describe symptoms of problematic bottle-feeding in the first 7 months of life in infants born preterm, compared to full-term infants.