International Urogynecological Consultation (IUC): pathophysiology of pelvic organ prolapse (POP).

Introduction And Hypothesis: This manuscript is the International Urogynecology Consultation (IUC) on pelvic organ prolapse (POP) chapter one, committee three, on the Pathophysiology of Pelvic Organ Prolapse assessing genetics, pregnancy, labor and delivery, age and menopause and animal models.

Materials And Methods: An international group of urogynecologists and basic scientists performed comprehensive literature searches using pre-specified terms in selected biomedical databases to summarize the current knowledge on the pathophysiology of the development of POP, exploring specifically factors including (1) genetics, (2) pregnancy, labor and delivery, (3) age and menopause and (4) non-genetic animal models. This manuscript represents the summary of three systematic reviews with meta-analyses and one narrative review, to which a basic scientific comment on the current understanding of pathophysiologic mechanisms was added.

Phenotypic differences for growth, feed efficiency, and age of first calving of Brazilian zebu females.

This study investigated phenotypic differences of zebu females from four breeds using variables of growth, feed efficiency, and age at first calving. Weights throughout the life were recorded, and a growth curve was fitted using the Gompertz model. The growth was also evaluated at standardized ages (205, 365, and 550 days) using the body weight and the total and daily weight gains.

and cytotoxicity assessment of glyphosate and imazethapyr-based herbicides and their association.

Resistance to glyphosate herbicide has initiated usage of combined application of herbicides as a weed control measure. Imazethapyr-based herbicides associated with glyphosate herbicide seem to be an alternative to suppress weed resistance. The aim of this study was to examine the adverse effects of Glyphosate Atanor 48® (ATN) and Imazethapyr Plus Nortox® (IMZT) formulations in both single forms and mixtures using HepG cells and zebrafish early-life stages models.

Effect of Surgical Treatment for Deep Infiltrating Endometriosis on Pelvic Floor Disorders: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis.

Objectives:  To evaluate the impact of surgical treatment of deep infiltrative endometriosis (DIE) on pelvic floor dysfunction (urinary incontinence [UI], pelvic organ prolapse [POP], fecal incontinence [FI)] or constipation, and sexual function [dyspareunia]).

Data Source:  The present systematic review was performed in the PubMed database. For the selection of studies, articles should be published by January 5, 2021, without language restriction.

Characteristics of a Population with Gender Incongruence Assisted at a Specialized Outpatient Service in the City of Ribeirão Preto.

Objective:  To identify the age when individuals first perceive gender incongruence (GI) and to compare sociodemographic data of female-to-male (FtM) and male-to-female (MtF) transgender individuals assisted at an outpatient service.

Methods:  The present cross-sectional study was conducted through a review of the medical records of individuals diagnosed with GI at a single specialized outpatient service in the city of Ribeirão Preto, state of São Paulo, Brazil.

Results:  A total of 193 medical records from 2010 to 2018 were evaluated, and 109 (56.

Genetic analyses of blood β-hydroxybutyrate predicted from milk infrared spectra and its association with longevity and female reproductive traits in Holstein cattle.

Ketosis is one of the most prevalent and complex metabolic disorders in high-producing dairy cows and usually detected through analyses of β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) concentration in blood. Our main objectives were to evaluate genetic parameters for blood BHB predicted based on Fourier-transform mid-infrared spectra from 5 to 305 d in milk, and estimate the genetic relationships of blood BHB with 7 reproduction traits and 6 longevity traits in Holstein cattle. Predicted blood BHB records of 11,609 Holstein cows (after quality control) were collected from 2016 to 2019 and used to derive 4 traits based on parity number, including predicted blood BHB in all parities (BHBp), parity 1 (BHB1), parity 2 (BHB2), and parity 3+ (BHB3).

Haplotype-Based Single-Step GWAS for Yearling Temperament in American Angus Cattle.

Behavior is a complex trait and, therefore, understanding its genetic architecture is paramount for the development of effective breeding strategies. The objective of this study was to perform traditional and weighted single-step genome-wide association studies (ssGWAS and WssGWAS, respectively) for yearling temperament (YT) in North American Angus cattle using haplotypes. Approximately 266 K YT records and 70 K animals genotyped using a 50 K single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) panel were used.

Vaginal stretching therapy and class IIIB vaginal laser treatment for pelvic floor myofascial pain: a randomized clinical trial.

Purpose: Several treatment options are proposed for the management of pelvic floor myofascial pain (PFMP). Manual therapy, such as vaginal stretching (VS), is one of these options. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) with a laser device is a treatment option for PFMP that has been tested on other muscles.

Single-step genomic evaluation of milk production traits in Canadian Alpine and Saanen dairy goats.

Genomic evaluations are routine in most plant and livestock breeding programs but are used infrequently in dairy goat breeding schemes. In this context, the purpose of this study was to investigate the use of the single-step genomic BLUP method for predicting genomic breeding values for milk production traits (milk, protein, and fat yields; protein and fat percentages) in Canadian Alpine and Saanen dairy goats. There were 6,409 and 12,236 Alpine records and 3,434 and 5,008 Saanen records for each trait in first and later lactations, respectively, and a total of 1,707 genotyped animals (833 Alpine and 874 Saanen).

Assessment of the fat mass index in women recently diagnosed with gynecological tumors.

Objectives: to evaluate the nutritional status and body composition of women with gynecological tumors and evaluate the fat mass index (FMI) as a complementary indicator for addressing the nutrition status. Methods: a cross-sectional study with women recently diagnosed with gynecological tumors. Nutritional status was assessed using conventional anthropometry and the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment.

Effect of Vaginal Stretching and Photobiomodulation Therapy on Sexual Function in Women With Pelvic Floor Myofascial Pain - A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Spasm or increased tonus of the pelvic floor muscles (PFM) can cause myofascial pain (MP), which may result in painful intercourse and sexual dysfunction.

Aim: The effect of vaginal stretching (VS) with photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) is compared to VS with sham PBMT in overall sexual function, rate and severity of painful intercourse at baseline and after treatment in women with pelvic floor MP.

Methods: A double-blind randomized clinical trial of 103 women with MP: 1 group received 10 sessions of VS with PBMT (4 Joules of near-infrared light-808 nm at 3 points), and the other group received VS with sham PBMT.

Evaluation of ImageJ software in ultrasonic image analysis: Follicular and luteal morphological characteristics of cattle.

This study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of two methodologies in evaluating B- and Doppler-mode ultrasonic images: analysis using ultrasonic software and utilizing a computer with ImageJ software. To determine if ImageJ software utilization is an efficacious alternative to ultrasonic software device- analysis, there were comparisons of values when using the two methods for morphological and vascular characteristics of follicular dynamics and luteal function in 18 crossbred cattle. From day 8 of an ovarian dynamics synchronization treatment regimen period until the time of ovulation (Day 10), B-mode and power-flow ultrasonic cineloops were obtained every 12 h to assess follicular diameter, wall area, and wall blood perfusion area.

assessment of antioxidant, antigenotoxic, and antimutagenic effects of bark ethanolic extract from L.

Medicinal plants have always been used for therapeutic purposes; however, some plants may contain toxic and mutagenic substances. The aim of this study was to assess the cytotoxic, genotoxic, mutagenic, antioxidant, antigenotoxic, and antimutagenic effects of the bark ethanolic extract of L. using male and female Swiss albino mice.

Definition of Environmental Variables and Critical Periods to Evaluate Heat Tolerance in Large White Pigs Based on Single-Step Genomic Reaction Norms.

Properly quantifying environmental heat stress (HS) is still a major challenge in livestock breeding programs, especially as adverse climatic events become more common. The definition of critical periods and climatic variables to be used as the environmental gradient is a key step for genetically evaluating heat tolerance (HTol). Therefore, the main objectives of this study were to define the best critical periods and environmental variables (ENV) to evaluate HT and estimate variance components for HT in Large White pigs.

Epidemiological evaluation of jaw cysts according to the new WHO classification: a 30-year retrospective analysis.

The aim of the present study was to analyze the epidemiology of maxillofacial odontogenic and non-odontogenic cysts diagnosed for 30 years in a Brazilian population. A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study was performed. Biopsy records were obtained from the archives of a Brazilian referral center between 1989 and 2019.

Prevalence of Urinary Incontinence in CrossFit Practitioners before and during the COVID-19 Quarantine and its Relationship with Training Level: An Observational Study.

Objective:  To compare the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) before and during the COVID-19 quarantine in CrossFit women and their relationship with training level.

Methods:  A cross-sectional study was performed among 197 women practicing CrossFit. The inclusion criteria were nulliparous women, between 18 and 45 years old, who had trained, before quarantine, in accredited gyms.

Knowledge of caregivers and factors associated with neuropsychomotor development in children.

Objectives: to analyze the knowledge of caregivers and the factors associated with neuropsychomotor development in children.

Methods: a cross-sectional study, with a quantitative approach, was conducted with 220 child-caregiver binomials attended in the public health services of the municipality of Parnaíba, State of Piauí. The study used the "Denver Test II" and the "Inventory of Child Development Knowledge".

Genomewide Association Analyses of Lactation Persistency and Milk Production Traits in Holstein Cattle Based on Imputed Whole-Genome Sequence Data.

Lactation persistency and milk production are among the most economically important traits in the dairy industry. In this study, we explored the association of over 6.1 million imputed whole-genome sequence variants with lactation persistency (LP), milk yield (MILK), fat yield (FAT), fat percentage (FAT%), protein yield (PROT), and protein percentage (PROT%) in North American Holstein cattle.

Stigma experienced by men diagnosed with COVID-19.

Objective: to analyze the stigma characteristics perceived in the experience of men who had COVID-19.

Method: this qualitative study involved men living in Brazil, diagnosed with COVID-19, who answered semi-structured questions in an online form. Data were subjected to thematic and lexical analysis, interpreted in the light of the stigma theory.

Characterizing the postnatal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis response of in utero heat stressed pigs at 10 and 15 weeks of age.

In utero heat stress alters postnatal physiological and behavioral stress responses in pigs. However, the mechanisms underlying these alterations have not been determined. The study objective was to characterize the postnatal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis response of in utero heat-stressed pigs.

cis-Aconitic Acid, a Constituent of Echinodorus grandiflorus Leaves, Inhibits Antigen-Induced Arthritis and Gout in Mice.

-Aconitic acid is a constituent from the leaves of , a medicinal plant traditionally used in Brazil to treat inflammatory conditions, including arthritic diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the anti-arthritic effect of -aconitic acid in murine models of antigen-induced arthritis and monosodium urate-induced gout. The possible underlying mechanisms of action was evaluated in THP-1 macrophages.

Effect of radiofrequency and pelvic floor muscle training in the treatment of women with vaginal laxity: A study protocol.

Background: Vaginal laxity is an underreported condition that negatively affects women's sexual function and their relationships. Evidence-based studies are needed to better understand this complaint and to discuss its treatment options. Thus, we present a study protocol to compare the effect of radiofrequency and pelvic floor muscle training in the treatment of women with complaints of vaginal laxity.

Effectiveness of testosterone replacement in men with obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This systematic review evaluated the effect of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) in men with obesity having low testosterone levels (LTLs).

Design And Methods: Search strategies were performed in MEDLINE, Embase, LILACS, and CENTRAL databases. Two reviewers selected the studies, assessed the risk of bias, and extracted data from the included studies.