Narrowing of the Racial Disparities Gap in Survival of Patients With Mycosis Fungoides: A Longitudinal Analysis of the SEER Database.

Background: Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the commonest subtype of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. In the United States, prior studies reported that African Americans (AA) with MF had poor outcomes. Data characterizing differences in racial disparity outcomes over time are limited.

Lost in translation? Deciphering the role of language differences in the excess risk of psychosis among migrant groups.

Background: Migration is a well-established risk factor for psychotic disorders, and migrant language has been proposed as a novel factor that may improve our understanding of this relationship. Our objective was to explore the association between indicators of linguistic distance and the risk of psychotic disorders among first-generation migrant groups.

Methods: Using linked health administrative data, we constructed a retrospective cohort of first-generation migrants to Ontario over a 20-year period (1992-2011).

Predictors of 30-day recurrent emergency department visits for hyperglycemia in patients with types 1 and 2 diabetes: a population-based cohort study.

Objectives: This study's aims were to describe the outcomes of patients with diabetes presenting with their first ED visit for hyperglycemia, and to identify predictors of recurrent ED visits for hyperglycemia.

Methods: Using linked databases, we conducted a population-based cohort study of adult and pediatric patients with types 1 and 2 diabetes presenting with a first ED visit for hyperglycemia from April 2010 to March 2020 in Ontario, Canada. We determined the proportion of patients with a recurrent ED visit for hyperglycemia within 30 days of the index visit.

Impact of non-medical cannabis legalization with market restrictions on health service use and incident cases of psychotic disorder in Ontario, Canada.

Background: Cannabis is a risk factor in the onset and persistence of psychotic disorders. There is concern that non-medical cannabis legalization in Canada may have population-level impacts on psychotic disorders. We sought to examine changes in health service use and incident cases of psychotic disorder following cannabis legalization, during a period of tight restrictions on retail stores and product types.

The association between household food insecurity and healthcare costs among Canadian children.

Objective: To examine the relationship between household food insecurity and healthcare costs in children living in Ontario, Canada.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, population-based study using four cycles of the Canadian Community Health Survey (2007-2008, 2009-2010, 2011-2012, 2013-2014) linked with administrative health databases (ICES). We included Ontario children aged 1-17 years with a measure of household food insecurity (Household Food Security Survey Module) over the previous 12 months.

Epidemiology of paediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Ontario, Canada.

Background: There are no Canadian epidemiological studies of Paediatric Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (POHCA) for ≥20 years. Understanding the epidemiology of POHCA is key to prevention, education, and management strategies.

Methods: We applied a validated algorithm to hospital administrative databases to describe paediatric (age 1 day to ≤18 years) atraumatic OHCA in Ontario from 2004-2020.

Household food insecurity and health service use for mental and substance use disorders among children and adolescents in Ontario, Canada.

Background: Food insecurity is a serious public health problem and is linked to the mental health of children and adolescents; however, its relationship with mental health service use is unknown. We sought to estimate the association between household food insecurity and contact with health services for mental or substance use disorders among children and adolescents in Ontario, Canada.

Methods: We used health administrative data, linked to 5 waves of the Canadian Community Health Survey, to identify children and adolescents (aged 1-17 yr) who had a household response to the Household Food Security Survey Module.

The impact of transition of Spina Bifida Care: A retrospective population-based cohort study comparing outcomes and health care costs longitudinally from adolescence into adulthood.

Introduction: Transition from multidisciplinary paediatric to adult care results in a significant change in the intensity of care provided to patients with spina bifida (SB).

Objective: To compare planned and unplanned health care utilization and costs of care of transitioning SB patients.

Study Design: Through a retrospective population-based cohort study, patients with SB born in Ontario between 1988 and 1999 were studied using routinely collected data analysed at ICES.

Methotrexate as a corticosteroid-sparing agent in leprosy reactions: A French multicenter retrospective study.

Introduction: Leprosy reactions (LRs) are inflammatory responses observed in 30%-50% of people with leprosy. First-line treatment is glucocorticoids (GCs), often administered at high doses with prolonged courses, resulting in high morbi-mortality. Methotrexate (MTX) is an immunomodulating agent used to treat inflammatory diseases and has an excellent safety profile and worldwide availability.

Epilepsy Surgery in Adult Stroke Survivors with New-Onset Drug-Resistant Epilepsy.

Background: Despite its effectiveness, surgery for drug-resistant epilepsy is underutilized. However, whether epilepsy surgery is also underutilized among patients with stroke-related drug-resistant epilepsy is unclear. Therefore, our objectives were to estimate the rates of epilepsy surgery assessment and receipt among patients with stroke-related drug-resistant epilepsy and to identify factors associated with these outcomes.

Impact of Ontario's Harmonized Heat Warning and Information System on emergency department visits for heat-related illness in Ontario, Canada: a population-based time series analysis.

Intervention: Ontario's Harmonized Heat Warning and Information System (HWIS) brings harmonized, regional heat warnings and standard heat-health messaging to provincial public health units prior to periods of extreme heat.

Research Question: Was implementation of the harmonized HWIS in May 2016 associated with a reduction in emergency department (ED) visits for heat-related illness in urban locations across Ontario, Canada?

Methods: We conducted a population-based interrupted time series analysis from April 30 to September 30, 2012-2018, using administrative health and outdoor temperature data. We used autoregressive integrated moving average models to examine whether ED rates changed following implementation of the harmonized HWIS, adjusted for maximum daily temperature.

Hip arthroscopy utilization and reoperation rates in Ontario: a population-based analysis comparing different age cohorts.

Background: Older age (> 40 yr) and osteoarthritis are negative prognostic variables for hip arthroscopy, but their impact has not been quantified from a population standpoint. The purpose of this study was to perform a population-based analysis of hip arthroscopy utilization and associated 2- and 5-year reoperation rates and complications in different age cohorts.

Methods: Administrative databases from Ontario, Canada, were retrospectively reviewed to identify patients aged 18-60 years who underwent hip arthroscopy between 2006 and 2016.

Outcomes After Direct Discharge Home From Critical Care Units: A Population-Based Cohort Analysis.

Objectives: To compare health service use and clinical outcomes for patients with and without direct discharge to home (DDH) from ICUs in Ontario.

Design: Population-based, observational, cohort study using propensity scoring to match patients who were DDH to those not DDH and a preference-based instrumental variable (IV) analysis using ICU-level DDH rate as the IV.

Setting: ICUs in Ontario.

Comparing Risk Factors for Non-affective Psychotic Disorders With Common Mental Disorders Among Migrant Groups: A 25-Year Retrospective Cohort Study of 2 Million Migrants.

Background And Hypothesis: Although migration is a well-established risk factor for psychotic disorders, less is known about factors that modify risk within migrant groups. We sought to assess whether socio-demographic, migration-related, and post-migration factors were associated with the risk of non-affective psychotic disorders (NAPD) among first-generation migrants, and to compare with estimates for common mental disorders (CMD) to explore specificity of the effect.

Study Design: We constructed a retrospective cohort of first-generation migrants to Ontario, Canada using linked population-based health administrative data (1992-2011; n = 1 964 884).

Risk Factors and Outcomes of Early Hospital Readmission in Canadian Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Population-Based Multi-Center Cohort Study.

Background: Early hospital readmissions (EHRs) occur commonly in kidney transplant recipients. Conflicting evidence exists regarding risk factors and outcomes of EHRs.

Objective: To determine risk factors and outcomes associated with EHRs (ie, hospitalization within 30 days of discharge from transplant hospitalization) in kidney transplant recipients.

The association between endocrine therapy use and osteoporotic fracture among post-menopausal women treated for early-stage breast cancer in Ontario, Canada.

Background: The use of endocrine therapy for early-stage breast cancer, particularly aromatase inhibitor therapy has been associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis and fracture in clinical trials. We sought to validate this observation in real-world practice.

Methods: We used health administrative data collected from post-menopausal women (aged ≥66 years) who were diagnosed with breast cancer and started on adjuvant endocrine therapy from 2005 to 2012.

Childhood food insecurity and incident asthma: A population-based cohort study of children in Ontario, Canada.

Background: Childhood food insecurity has been associated with prevalent asthma in cross-sectional studies. Little is known about the relationship between food insecurity and incident asthma.

Methods: We used administrative databases linked with the Canadian Community Health Survey, to conduct a retrospective cohort study of children <18 years in Ontario, Canada.

Persistent post-operative opioid use following hip arthroscopy is common and is associated with pre-operative opioid use and age.

Purpose: Hip arthroscopy utilization continues to increase worldwide. Post-operative pain management is essential to allow appropriate rehabilitation. While multimodal analgesic protocols have been described, consensus agreement is lacking and opioid analgesia remains a mainstay of treatment.

Effects of removing a fee-for-service incentive on specialist chronic disease services: a time-series analysis.

Introduction: Physician payment models are known to affect the nature and volume of services provided. Our objective was to study the effects of removing a financial incentive, the fee-for-service premium, on the provision of chronic disease follow-up services by internal medicine, cardiology, nephrology and gastroenterology specialists.

Methods: We collected linked administrative health care data for the period 1 April 2013 to 31 March 2017 from databases held at the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES) in Ontario, Canada.

Opioid Prescribing Practices for Women Undergoing Elective Gynecologic Surgery.

Study Objective: To describe the opioid prescribing practices in opioid-naive women undergoing elective gynecologic surgery for benign indications and identify risk factors associated with increased perioperative opioid use. We also explored factors associated with new persistent opioid use in women with perioperative opioid use.

Design: Retrospective, population-based cohort study.

Morbidity in Pregnant Women with a Prosthetic Heart Valve.

Background: Women with a prosthetic heart valve are perceived to be at higher risk for adverse outcomes, but their absolute and relative risk of experiencing maternal morbidity and cardiac complications is largely unknown.

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the risk of maternal morbidity and cardiac complications in women with a prior heart valve replacement, compared with matched counterparts without known cardiac disease.

Study Design: A retrospective population-based matched cohort study was completed in the province of Ontario, Canada, where there is universal health care.

Survival and Health Care Use After Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson's Disease.

Objectives: To compare long-term survival of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with deep brain stimulation (DBS) to matched controls, and examine whether DBS was associated with differences in injurious falls, long-term care, and home care.

Methods: Using administrative health data (Ontario, Canada), we examined DBS outcomes within a cohort of individuals diagnosed with PD between 1997 and 2012. Patients receiving DBS were matched with non-DBS controls by age, sex, PD diagnosis date, time with PD, and a propensity score.

The association between endocrine therapy use and dementia among post-menopausal women treated for early-stage breast cancer in Ontario, Canada.

Purpose: The association between endocrine therapy and risk of dementia remains uncertain. We investigated the association between adjuvant endocrine therapy for breast cancer and risk of developing dementia in a real-world, population-based study.

Methods: We used health administrative data collected from post-menopausal women (aged ≥66 years) who were diagnosed with breast cancer and started on adjuvant endocrine therapy from 2005 to 2012 with follow-up until 2017.

Disparities in Deep Brain Stimulation Use for Parkinson's Disease in Ontario, Canada.

Objective: To examine whether sociodemographic characteristics and health care utilization are associated with receiving deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery for Parkinson's disease (PD) in Ontario, Canada.

Methods: Using health administrative data, we identified a cohort of individuals aged 40 years or older diagnosed with incident PD between 1995 and 2009. A case-control study was used to examine whether select factors were associated with DBS for PD.