Transient cerebral ischaemia alters mesenteric arteries in hypertensive rats: Limited reversal despite suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid cerebroprotection.

Stroke induces brain injury, especially severe in hypertensive patients, and elevates mortality rates through non-neurological complications. However, the potential effects of a transient ischaemic episode on the peripheral vasculature of hypertensive individuals remain unclear. We investigated whether transient cerebral ischaemia (90 min)/reperfusion (1 or 8 days) induces alterations in mesenteric resistance artery (MRA) properties in adult male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).

A Nonlinear Peptide Topology for Synthetic Virions.

a nonlinear peptide topology for the assembly of synthetic virions is reported. The topology is a backbone cyclized amino-acid sequence in which polar l- and hydrophobic d-amino acid residues of the same-type alternate. This arrangement introduces pseudo symmetries of side chains within the same cyclopeptide ring, allowing for the lateral propagation of cyclopeptides into networks with a [3/6, 4]-fold rotational symmetry closing into virus-like shells.

Nonsense CD247 mutations show dominant-negative features in T-cell receptor expression and function.

Background: The invariant TCR ζ/CD247 homodimer is crucial for TCR/CD3 expression and signaling through its 3 immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs). Homozygous null mutations in CD247 lead to immunodeficiency, while carriers exhibit 50% reduced surface CD3. It is unclear whether carriers of other CD247 variants show dominant-negative effects.

The evolutionary conserved miR-137/325 tandem mediates obesity-induced hypogonadism and metabolic comorbidities by repressing hypothalamic kisspeptin.

Background: Obesity-induced hypogonadism (OIH) is a prevalent, but often neglected condition in men, which aggravates the metabolic complications of overweight. While hypothalamic suppression of Kiss1-encoded kisspeptin has been suggested to contribute to OIH, the molecular mechanisms for such repression in obesity, and the therapeutic implications thereof, remain unknown.

Methods: A combination of bioinformatic, expression and functional analyses was implemented, assessing the role of the evolutionary-conserved miRNAs, miR-137 and miR-325, in mediating obesity-induced suppression of hypothalamic kisspeptin, as putative mechanism of central hypogonadism and metabolic comorbidities.

Immunomodulatory Activity of Cytokines in Hypertension: A Vascular Perspective.

Cytokines play a crucial role in the structure and function of blood vessels in hypertension. Hypertension damages blood vessels by mechanisms linked to shear forces, activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone and sympathetic nervous systems, oxidative stress, and a proinflammatory milieu that lead to the generation of neoantigens and damage-associated molecular patterns, ultimately triggering the release of numerous cytokines. Damage-associated molecular patterns are recognized by PRRs (pattern recognition receptors) and activate inflammatory mechanisms in endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, perivascular nerves, and perivascular adipose tissue.

Resolvin D2 prevents vascular remodeling, hypercontractility and endothelial dysfunction in obese hypertensive mice through modulation of vascular and proinflammatory factors.

During resolution of inflammation, specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs), including resolvins, are produced to restore tissue homeostasis. We hypothesized that there might be a dysregulation of SPMs pathways in pathological vascular remodeling and that resolvin D2 (RvD2) might prevent vascular remodeling and contractile and endothelial dysfunction in a model of obesity and hypertension. In aortic samples of patients with or without abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA), we evaluated gene expression of enzymes involved in SPMs synthesis (ALOXs), SPMs receptors and pro-inflammatory genes.

Chymase-independent vascular Ang-(1-12)/Ang II pathway and TXA generation are involved in endothelial dysfunction in the murine model of heart failure.

The angiotensin (Ang)-(1-12)/Ang II pathway contributes to cardiac pathology. However, its involvement in the development of peripheral endothelial dysfunction associated with heart failure (HF) remains unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to characterise the effect of exogenous Ang-(1-12) and its conversion to Ang II on endothelial function using the murine model of HF (Tgαq*44 mice), focusing on the role of chymase and vascular-derived thromboxane A (TXA).

The Melatonin Derivative ITH13001 Prevents Hypertension and Cardiovascular Alterations in Angiotensin II-Infused Mice.

Inflammatory mechanisms and oxidative stress seem to contribute to the pathogenesis of hypertension. ITH13001 is a melatonin-phenyl-acrylate hybrid that moderately induces the antioxidant transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) and has a potent oxidant scavenging effect compared with other derivatives of its family. Here we investigated the effect of ITH13001 on hypertension and the associated cardiovascular alterations.

Extracellular matrix type 0: From ancient collagen lineage to a versatile product pipeline - JellaGel™.

Extracellular matrix type 0 is reported. The matrix is developed from a jellyfish collagen predating mammalian forms by over 0.5 billion years.

Identification and biotechnological characterisation of yeast microbiota involved in spontaneous fermented wholegrain sourdoughs.

Background: New strategies in the cereal-based industry has brought about the elaboration of new sourdoughs with better microbial stability and safety as well as nutritional value such as those based on wholegrain flours. This has led to an increasing interest in the selection of adapted yeasts for using them as new starters. Therefore, this study aimed to isolate, identify, and characterise diverse yeast strains from wholegrain spontaneous sourdoughs.

[Factors associated with the lack of adherence to treatment among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus].

Background: Adherence to pharmacological treatment (APT) is crucial for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to achieve metabolic control and decrease complications.

Aim: To establish the proportion of APT in patients with T2DM, the influence of the same on blood glucose, and the factors involved in a lack of ATP.

Material And Methods: Diabetic patients were interrogated about sociodemographic factors, the evolution of the disease, their fasting blood glucose levels, and the use of other treatments.

Spatial distribution of three ARGONAUTEs regulates the anther phasiRNA pathway.

Argonaute protein (AGO) in association with small RNAs is the core machinery of RNA silencing, an essential mechanism for precise development and defense against pathogens in many organisms. Here, we identified two AGOs in rice anthers, AGO1b and AGO1d, that interact with phased small interfering RNAs (phasiRNAs) derived from numerous long non-coding RNAs. Moreover, 3D-immunoimaging and mutant analysis indicated that rice AGO1b and AGO1d cell type-specifically regulate anther development by acting as mobile carriers of these phasiRNAs from the somatic cell layers to the germ cells in anthers.

Folding-Mediated DNA Delivery by α-Helical Amphipathic Peptides.

The renaissance gene therapy experiences these days requires specialist biomaterials and a systemic understanding of major factors influencing their ability to deliver genetic material. Peptide transfection systems represent a major class of such biomaterials. Several peptidic reagents have been commercialized to date.

A ventilation early warning system (VEWS) for diaphanous workspaces considering COVID-19 and future pandemics scenarios.

The COVID-19 pandemic has generated new needs due to the associated health risks and, more specifically, its rapid infection rate. Prevention measures to avoid contagions in indoor spaces, especially in office and public buildings (e.g.

The Synthetic Flavonoid Hidrosmin Improves Endothelial Dysfunction and Atherosclerotic Lesions in Diabetic Mice.

In diabetes, chronic hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, inflammation and oxidative stress contribute to the progression of macro/microvascular complications. Recently, benefits of the use of flavonoids in these conditions have been established. This study investigates, in two different mouse models of diabetes, the vasculoprotective effects of the synthetic flavonoid hidrosmin on endothelial dysfunction and atherogenesis.

Coding-Complete Genome Sequence of an African Swine Fever Virus from an Outbreak in 2021 among Domestic Pigs in Pangasinan, Philippines.

We report a coding-complete genome sequence of an African swine fever virus from an outbreak in 2021 among domestic pigs in Pangasinan, Philippines using Oxford Nanopore Technologies minION. The linear genome assembly is a single contig with 192,377 bp.

Resolvin D2 Attenuates Cardiovascular Damage in Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension.

Background: Resolution of inflammation is orchestrated by specialized proresolving lipid mediators (SPMs), and this would be impaired in some cardiovascular diseases. Among SPMs, resolvins (Rv) have beneficial effects in cardiovascular pathologies, but little is known about their effect on cardiovascular damage in hypertension.

Methods: Aorta, small mesenteric arteries, heart, and peritoneal macrophages were taken from C57BL/6J mice, infused or not with angiotensin II (AngII; 1.

Indicators for adequate diabetes care for the indigenous communities of Ecuador.

Introduction: Diabetes is the second leading cause of death in Ecuador, as 79% of the indigenous population live in rural areas that are difficult to access and have below-average health resources. The objective of this study was to define person-centred indicators to monitor the care received by patients with diabetes in the indigenous population.

Method: Qualitative research combining three focus groups (with the participation of 10 patients and 18 professionals) to capture relevant information and Delphi to reach a consensus on the pertinence, relevance, and feasibility of a set of indicators was conducted.

Characterization of the physicochemical, thermal and rheological properties of cashew kernel starch.

The study aimed to characterize physicochemical, thermal, and rheological properties of cashew nut starch (CNS) and then compare the obtained results with the properties of potato and corn starches. CNS showed higher gelatinization temperatures (112.29 °C) than those noted for potato and maize starches (78.

Peptides and Anti-peptide Antibodies for Small- and Medium-Scale Peptide and Anti-peptide Affinity Microarrays.

This chapter describes the principles for selection of antigenic peptides for the development of anti-peptide antibodies suitable for microarray-based multiplex affinity assays and optional mass spectrometry detection. The methods described here are mostly applicable to small- and medium-scale multiplex affinity assay and microarrays. Although the same principles of peptide selection may also be applied to larger-scale arrays (with 100+ features), informatics software and printing methods may well differ.

Wine yeast selection in the Iberian Peninsula: and non- as drivers of innovation in Spanish and Portuguese wine industries.

Yeast selection for the wine industry in Spain started in 1950 for the understanding of the microbial ecology, and for the selection of optimal strains to improve the performance of alcoholic fermentation and the overall wine quality. This process has been strongly developed over the last 30 years, firstly on , and, lately, with intense activity on non-. Several thousand yeast strains have been isolated, identified and tested to select those with better performance and/or specific technological properties.

An SI-traceable reference material for virus-like particles.

A reference material for virus-like particles traceable to the International System of Units (Système International d'Unités - the SI) is reported. The material addresses the need for developing reference standards to benchmark virus-like gene delivery systems and help harmonize measurement approaches for characterization and testing. The material is a major component of synthetic polypeptide virus-like particles produced by the state-of-the-art synthetic and analytical chemistry methods used to generate gene delivery systems.

Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators: New Therapeutic Approaches for Vascular Remodeling.

Vascular remodeling is a typical feature of vascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, aneurysms or restenosis. Excessive inflammation is a key mechanism underlying vascular remodeling via the modulation of vascular fibrosis, phenotype and function. Recent evidence suggests that not only augmented inflammation but unresolved inflammation might also contribute to different aspects of vascular diseases.

Hypothyroidism confers tolerance to cerebral malaria.

The modulation of the host's metabolism to protect tissue from damage induces tolerance to infections increasing survival. Here, we examined the role of the thyroid hormones, key metabolic regulators, in the outcome of malaria. Hypothyroidism confers protection to experimental cerebral malaria by a disease tolerance mechanism.