Intravenous Fosfomycin as Adjunctive Therapy for Gram-Negative Bacteria Bloodstream Infections: A Propensity Score Adjusted Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: The role of intravenous fosfomycin (iv-FOS) as a part of combination therapy for Gram-negative bacteria bloodstream infections (GNB-BSI) needs to be evaluated in clinical practice, as in vitro data show potential efficacy.

Methods: All consecutive patients with a GNB-BSI from 01 January 2021 to 01 April 2023 were included. Primary outcome was 30-day mortality.

Real life experience on the use of Remdesivir in patients admitted to COVID-19 in two referral Italian hospital: a propensity score matched analysis.

Remdesivir (RDV) was the first Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved medication for COVID-19, with discordant data on efficacy in reducing mortality risk and disease progression. In the context of a dynamic and rapidly changing pandemic landscape, the utilization of real-world evidence is of utmost importance. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of RDV on patients who have been admitted to two university referral hospitals in Italy due to COVID-19.

Stigma and mental health among people living with HIV across the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Mental health (MH) is extremely relevant when referring to people living with a chronic disease, such as people living with HIV (PLWH). In fact - although life expectancy and quality have increased since the advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART) - PLWH carry a high incidence of mental disorders, and this burden has been exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this scenario, UNAIDS has set new objectives for 2025, such as the linkage of at least 90% of PLWH to people-centered, context-specific MH services.

In-label, off-label prescription, efficacy and tolerability of dalbavancin: report from a National Registry.

Purpose: Although dalbavancin is currently approved for the treatment of ABSSIs, several studies suggest its efficacy and tolerance as long-term therapy for other off-label indications requiring prolonged intravenous antibiotic administration.

Methods: We conducted a prospective nationwide study of dalbavancin use in real-life settings for both approved and off-label indications analysing for each case the clinical and microbiological characteristics of infection the efficacy and safety of treatments.

Results: During the study period (from December 2018 to July 2021), the ID specialists from 14 different centres enrolled 223 patients treated with dalbavancin [141 males (63%) and 82 females (37%); male/female ratio 1.

Cefiderocol Versus Colistin for the Treatment of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Complex Bloodstream Infections: A Retrospective, Propensity-Score Adjusted, Monocentric Cohort Study.

Introduction: Bloodstream infections (BSI) caused by carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) are associated with high mortality with limited treatment. The aim of this study is to compare effectiveness and safety of colistin-based versus cefiderocol-based therapies for CRAB-BSI.

Methods: This is a retrospective observational study enrolling patients with monomicrobial CRAB-BSIs treated with colistin or cefiderocol from 1 January 2020, to 31 December 2022.

Loading dose plus continuous/extended infusion versus intermittent bolus of β-lactams for the treatment of Gram-negative bacteria bloodstream infections: a propensity score-adjusted retrospective cohort study.

Background: Optimal β-lactam dosing for the treatment of Gram-negative bacteria bloodstream infections (GNB-BSIs) remains a debated issue. Herein, the efficacy and safety of a loading dose (LD) followed by extended/continuous infusion (EI/CI) versus intermittent bolus (IB) of these drugs for the treatment of GNB-BSIs was evaluated.

Methods: This is a retrospective observational study enrolling patients with GNB-BSIs treated with β-lactams from 1 October 2020 to 31 March 2022.

Anemia as a risk factor for disease progression in patients admitted for COVID-19: data from a large, multicenter cohort study.

In respiratory infections, anemia is both a consequence of acute inflammation and a predictor of poor clinical outcomes. There are few studies investigating the role of anemia in COVID-19, suggesting a potential role in predicting disease severity. In this study, we aimed to assess the association between the presence of anemia at admission and incidence of severe disease and death in patients hospitalized for COVID-19.

Efficacy of Remdesivir and Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibodies in Monotherapy or Combination Therapy in Reducing the Risk of Disease Progression in Elderly or Immunocompromised Hosts Hospitalized for COVID-19: A Single Center Retrospective Study.

Introduction: Remdesivir (REM) and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) could alleviate severe COVID-19 in at-risk outpatients. However, data on their use in hospitalized patients, particularly in elderly or immunocompromised hosts, are lacking.

Methods: All consecutive patients hospitalized with COVID-19 at our unit from 1 July 2021 to 15 March 2022 were retrospectively enrolled.

Use of Sotrovimab in a cohort of pregnant women with a high risk of COVID 19 progression: a single-center experience.

Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been shown to reduce disease progression in patients with underlying predisposing conditions. Unfortunately, there is no evidence on the use of Sotrovimab in pregnant women. Herein we present a case series of pregnant women who received mAbs with Sotrovimab following the Italian Drug Agency (AIFA) indications.

Electrocardiographic Pathological Findings Caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Virus Infection: Evidence from a Retrospective Multicenter International Cohort Longitudinal Pilot Study of 548 Subjects.

COVID-19 has threatened the capability of receiving and allocating patients in emergency departments (EDs) all over the world. This is a retrospective cohort study to explore the role of a simple procedure like an ECG to screen for the severity of COVID-19 on admission to the ED. For this study, 548 consecutive patients were enrolled in a multicenter international registry and stratified upon ECG on admission with a simple distinction between normal vs.

High risk of unsuccessful treatment outcome in migrant population with tuberculosis: Data from three Italian hospitals.

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) remains an unresolved global health problem and vulnerable groups such as migrants remain the most affected with a higher risk of worse outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical features, outcomes, and adverse events in migrant and native Italian patients admitted to three Italian hospitals in Southern Italy in order to assess differences and targeted strategies.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study on TB patients admitted between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2021, in three Apulia hospitals.

Prompt and Appropriate Antimicrobial Therapy Improves Outcomes of NDM-Producing and KPC-Producing Bloodstream Infections in Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19: A Comparative Retrospective Case-Series.

Secondary bloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by KPC- and NDM-producing () during the course of COVID-19 infections lead to significant mortality. Herein, a comparative retrospective case series of KPC- or NDM- BSIs occurring in COVID-19 subjects treated with Ceftazidime/Avibactam (CAZ/AVI) for KPC-, or CAZ/AVI+ Aztreonam (ATM) for NDM-K.p is reported.

Impact of a Multistep Bundles Intervention in the Management and Outcome of Gram-Negative Bloodstream Infections: A Single-Center "Proof-of-Concept" Study.

Background: This is a "proof-of-concept" study aiming to evaluate the impact of a multistep bundles intervention in the management and outcomes of patients with gram-negative bloodstream infections (GN-BSIs).

Methods: This was a single-center, quasi-experimental design study. In the pre-phase (January 2019 to May 2020), patients were retrospectively enrolled.

Multidisciplinary Approach in the Treatment of Descending Necrotizing Mediastinitis: Twenty-Year Single-Center Experience.

Descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM) is an acute, rare, severe condition with high mortality, but the optimal management protocol is still controversial. We retrospectively analyzed the results of multidisciplinary management in patients treated for DNM at our center over the last twenty years. Fifteen male patients, mean age 49.

Phylogeography and genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Italy and Europe with newly characterized Italian genomes between February-June 2020.

The aims of this study were to characterize new SARS-CoV-2 genomes sampled all over Italy and to reconstruct the origin and the evolutionary dynamics in Italy and Europe between February and June 2020. The cluster analysis showed only small clusters including < 80 Italian isolates, while most of the Italian strains were intermixed in the whole tree. Pure Italian clusters were observed mainly after the lockdown and distancing measures were adopted.

Prognostic value of 12-leads admission electrocardiogram in low-risk patients hospitalized for COVID-19.

Background: Cardiac involvement significantly contributes to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mortality.12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) represents a fast, cheap, and easy to perform exam with the adjunctive advantage of the remote reporting possibility. In this study, we sought to investigate if electrocardiographic parameters can identify patients, deemed at low-risk at admission, who will face in-hospital unfavorable course.

Dalbavancin Efficacy and Impact on Hospital Length-of-Stay and Treatment Costs in Different Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections.

Background And Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate the impact of dalbavancin therapy on both hospital length-of-stay (LOS) and treatment-related costs, as well as to describe the clinical outcome, in a retrospective cohort of patients with diverse Gram-positive bacterial infections, hospitalized in different specialty Units.

Methods: From July 2017 to July 2019, clinical and sociodemographic data were collected for all hospitalized patients switched to dalbavancin for the treatment of Gram-positive infections. LOS and treatment-related costs were assessed and compared to a hypothetical scenario where the initial standard antimicrobial therapy would have been administered in hospital for the same duration as dalbavancin.

Peculiar clinical presentation of COVID-19 and predictors of mortality in the elderly: A multicentre retrospective cohort study.

Background: The spectrum of COVID-19 clinical manifestations is not yet known. In the elderly, mortality and extrapulmonary involvement appears more frequent than expected.

Methods: A multicentre-retrospective-case-series study of COVID-19 patients, aged ≥65 years, hospitalised between March 1 and June 15, 2020.

Anti-spike S1 receptor-binding domain antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 persist several months after infection regardless of disease severity.

Data regarding the immunological memory and long-time kinetics of immunoglobulin (IgG) against viral nucleoprotein (NP) and spike protein S1 receptor-binding domain (S1RBD) of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-associated Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are lacking. All consecutive COVID-19 patients admitted to our Clinic between March 1, 2020, and May 1, 2020, who were tested at hospital admission for anti-S1RBD and anti-NP IgG were enrolled. Serum samples were tested for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies with the use of two commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.