Behavioural and neuronal substrates of serious game-based computerised cognitive training in cognitive decline: randomised controlled trial.

Background: Investigations of computerised cognitive training (CCT) show heterogeneous results in slowing age-related cognitive decline.

Aims: To comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of serious games-based CCT, integrating control conditions, neurophysiological and blood-based biomarkers, and subjective measures.

Method: In this bi-centric randomised controlled trial with parallel groups, 160 participants (mean age 71.

People Living With HIV Have More Intact HIV DNA in Circulating CD4+ T Cells if They Have History of Pulmonary Tuberculosis.

Background: A primary barrier to curing HIV is the HIV reservoir. The leading infectious cause of death worldwide for people living with HIV is tuberculosis (TB), but we do not know how TB impacts the HIV reservoir.

Methods: Participants in identification and validation cohorts were selected from previously enrolled studies at Groupe Haïtien d'Étude du Sarcome de Kaposi et des Infections Opportunistes (GHESKIO) in Port au Prince, Haiti.

Evaluation of the Therapeutic Potential of Traditionally-Used Natural Plant Extracts to Inhibit Proliferation of a HeLa Cell Cancer Line and Replication of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (hRSV).

Traditional approaches employing natural plant products to treat a wide array of ailments have been documented and described for thousands of years. However, there remains limited scientific study of the therapeutic potential or effectiveness of ethnobotanical applications. Increases in the incidence of cancer and emerging infectious diseases demonstrate a growing need for advances in the development of therapeutic options.

Value-based motivational strategies combined with technology to encourage a lifestyle that helps to prevent dementia.

Lifestyles aimed at reducing dementia risk typically combine physical and cognitive training, nutritional adaptations, and, potentially, an augmentation in social interactions. Interventions at the population level are essential but should be complemented by individual efforts. For efficacy, lasting changes to an individual's lifestyle are needed, necessitating robust motivation and volition.

Survey of potential fungal antagonists of Coffee Leaf Rust (Hemileia vastatrix) on Coffea arabica in Hawai'i, USA.

Hemileia vastatrix, causal agent of coffee leaf rust (CLR), is an aggressive pathogen of coffee plants worldwide. Conventional fungicides play a major role in the suppression of this disease, but a recent shift toward eco-friendly farming practices has occurred and additional novel, effective, and sustainable strategies for CLR control are needed. Naturally occurring fungal antagonists could be well-positioned to meet this demand, but these fungi need to be isolated and tested for efficacy to identify organisms with potential.

Circulating CD4+ T cells in people with HIV and history of pulmonary tuberculosis have more intact HIV DNA.

Background: The primary barrier to curing HIV infection is the pool of intact HIV proviruses integrated into host cell DNA throughout the bodies of people living with HIV (PLHIV), called the HIV reservoir. Reservoir size is impacted by the duration of HIV infection, delay in starting antiretroviral therapy (ART), and breakthrough viremia during ART. The leading infectious cause of death worldwide for PLHIV is TB, but we don't know how TB impacts the HIV reservoir.

The impostor phenomenon in the eye of knowledgeable others: the association of the impostor phenomenon with the judge's accuracy.

This study examines whether a heightened impostor expression is associated with a judge's assessment. The sample comprised  = 155 triads (target, mother, and a friend). Results indicated a slightly higher profile agreement between the target and mother ( = 0.

Risk factors for reoperation following inguinal hernia repair: results from a cohort of patients from an integrated healthcare system.

Purpose: Inguinal hernia repair is one of the most common operations performed globally. Identification of risk factors that contribute to hernia recurrence following an index inguinal hernia repair, especially those that are modifiable, is of paramount importance. Therefore, we sought to investigate risk factors for reoperation following index inguinal hernia repair.

The moderating effects of sex, age, and education on the outcome of combined cognitive training and transcranial electrical stimulation in older adults.

Unlabelled: Computerized cognitive training (CCT) has been shown to improve cognition in older adults via targeted exercises for single or multiple cognitive domains. Combining CCT with non-invasive brain stimulation is thought to be even more effective due to synergistic effects in the targeted brain areas and networks. However, little is known about the moderating effects of sex, age, and education on cognitive outcomes.

Female sex and ipsilateral reoperation risk following mesh-based inguinal hernia repair: a cohort study including 131,626 repairs in adults from an integrated healthcare system over a 10-year period.

Purpose: We sought to compare females and males for the risk of reoperation following different inguinal hernia repair approaches (open, laparoscopic, and robotic).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study including all patients aged ≥ 18 who underwent first inguinal hernia repair with mesh within a US integrated healthcare system (2010-2020). Data were obtained from the system's integrated electronic health record.

Mesh-based inguinal hernia repairs in an integrated healthcare system and surgeon and hospital volume: a cohort study of 110,808 patients from over a decade.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe a cohort of patients who underwent inguinal hernia repair within a United States-based integrated healthcare system (IHS) and evaluate the risk for postoperative events by surgeon and hospital volume within each surgical approach, open, laparoscopic, and robotic.

Methods: Patients aged ≥ 18 years who underwent their first inguinal hernia repair were identified for a cohort study (2010-2020). Average annual surgeon and hospital volume were broken into quartiles with the lowest volume quartile as the reference group.

Investigating Compensatory Brain Activity in Older Adults with Subjective Cognitive Decline.

Background: Preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one possible cause of subjective cognitive decline (SCD). Normal task performance despite ongoing neurodegeneration is typically considered as neuronal compensation, which is reflected by greater neuronal activity. Compensatory brain activity has been observed in frontal as well as parietal regions in SCD, but data are scarce, especially outside the memory domain.

Can a serious game-based cognitive training attenuate cognitive decline related to Alzheimer's disease? Protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major public health issue. Cognitive interventions such as computerized cognitive trainings (CCT) are effective in attenuating cognitive decline in AD. However, in those at risk of dementia related to AD, results are heterogeneous.

Volume Matters: Longitudinal Retrospective Cohort Study of Outcomes Following Consultation and Standardization of Adrenal Surgery.

Purpose: Subspecialization of adrenal surgery through regionalization has not been adequately evaluated. We assessed implementation of subspecialization and the association of regionalization with adrenalectomy outcomes in a community-based setting.

Methods: In this longitudinal retrospective cohort study, we used an interrupted time series analysis on consecutive adrenal surgeries at Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 2010-2019.

Community Urgent Care Use Following Implementation of the Veterans Affairs Maintaining Internal Systems and Strengthening Integrated Outside Networks Act.

Background: Effective June 6, 2019, Veterans Affairs (VA) began offering a new urgent care (UC) benefit that provides eligible Veterans with greater choice and access to care for the treatment of minor injuries and illnesses in their local communities.

Objectives: The aim was to describe trends in UC use, identify predictors of UC benefit use, and understand the factors associated with community UC use versus VA emergency department (ED) or urgent care center (UCC) use.

Study Design: Using VA administrative data, this was a retrospective cross-sectional study of Veterans that were enrolled in VA in FY19.

Targeting the PI3K/mTOR Pathway Augments CHK1 Inhibitor-Induced Replication Stress and Antitumor Activity in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer.

High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy in industrialized countries and has limited treatment options. Targeting ataxia-telangiectasia and Rad3-related/cell-cycle checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1)-mediated S-phase and G-M-phase cell-cycle checkpoints has been a promising therapeutic strategy in HGSOC. To improve the efficacy of CHK1 inhibitor (CHK1i), we conducted a high-throughput drug combination screening in HGSOC cells.

Fluoroscopy-guided endoscopic sclerotherapy: a novel hybrid approach for symptomatic rectosigmoidal venous malformation (with video).

Background And Aims: Recommendations for the treatment of lower GI bleeding do not include bleeding from venous malformations (VMs). The aim of this study was to delineate the usefulness of a novel hybrid intervention (fluoroscopy-guided endoscopic sclerotherapy) for the treatment of symptomatic VMs in the rectosigmoidal colon with bleeding.

Methods: The magnetic resonance images of 421 patients with VM, referred to multicenter vascular anomaly centers from 2009 to 2017, were analyzed retrospectively.

Author Correction: Rectosigmoidal manifestations of venous malformations: MR imaging findings and interdisciplinary therapeutic modalities.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.