Pharmacokinetics of subcutaneous ketamine administration via the Omnipod® system in dogs.

Ketamine is an injectable anesthetic agent with analgesic and antidepressant effects that can prevent maladaptive pain. Ketamine is metabolized by the liver into norketamine, an active metabolite. Prior rodent studies have suggested that norketamine is thought to contribute up to 30% of ketamine's analgesic effect.

Comparison of a blind and an ultrasound-guided technique for Retrobulbar anesthesia in dogs undergoing unilateral subconjunctival enucleation.

Objective: This study compared the quality of retrobulbar anesthesia using a blind inferior-temporal palpebral approach (ITP) with an ultrasound-guided supratemporal (ST) technique in dogs undergoing unilateral enucleation.

Animal Studied: Twenty-one client-owned dogs were undergoing enucleation.

Procedures: Dogs were randomly assigned to receive ITP (n = 10) or ST (n = 11) with 0.

Development of an ultrasound-guided transgluteal injection of the pudendal nerve in cats: a cadaveric study.

Objective: To develop an ultrasound-guided interfascial plane technique for injection of the pudendal nerve near its sacral origin in cats.

Study Design: Prospective, randomized, anatomical study.

Animals: A group of 12 feline cadavers.

Impact of a Short-Term Naturopathic Whole-Foods-Based Nutrition Education Intervention on Dietary Behavior and Diabetes Risk Markers: A Pilot Study.

Objective: To assess the feasibility of measuring the health impacts of a 12-week naturopathic whole foods nutrition education course among adults with or at risk for prediabetes.

Design: A pilot nonrandomized pre-post intervention design investigated physiological changes associated with participation in a 12-week structured naturopathic nutrition education course. Follow-up measures were assessed at 6 and 12 months from baseline.

Intermittent At-Home Suctioning of Esophageal Content for Prevention of Recurrent Aspiration Pneumonia in 4 Dogs with Megaesophagus.

Background: Megaesophagus carries a poor to guarded prognosis due to death from aspiration pneumonia. Options for medical management of regurgitation are limited to strategic oral or gastrostomy tube feeding.

Objectives: To describe the use and efficacy of intermittent esophageal suctioning to prevent regurgitation and associated episodes of aspiration pneumonia in dogs with megaesophagus.

Feasibility and repeatability of cold and mechanical quantitative sensory testing in normal dogs.

Feasibility and inter-session repeatability of cold and mechanical quantitative sensory testing (QST) were assessed in 24 normal dogs. Cold thermal latencies were evaluated using a thermal probe (0°C) applied to three pelvic limb sites. Mechanical thresholds were measured using an electronic von Frey anesthesiometer (EVF) and a blunt-probed pressure algometer (PA) applied to the dorsal aspect of the metatarsus.

Saliva sampling in global clinical studies: the impact of low sampling volume on performance of DNA in downstream genotyping experiments.

Background: The collection of viable DNA samples is an essential element of any genetics research programme. Biological samples for DNA purification are now routinely collected in many studies with a variety of sampling methods available. Initial observation in this study suggested a reduced genotyping success rate of some saliva derived DNA samples when compared to blood derived DNA samples prompting further investigation.

Mitochondrial-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes (MAM) form innate immune synapses and are targeted by hepatitis C virus.

RIG-I is a cytosolic pathogen recognition receptor that engages viral RNA in infected cells to trigger innate immune defenses through its adaptor protein MAVS. MAVS resides on mitochondria and peroxisomes, but how its signaling is coordinated among these organelles has not been defined. Here we show that a major site of MAVS signaling is the mitochondrial-associated membrane (MAM), a distinct membrane compartment that links the endoplasmic reticulum to mitochondria.

Candidate single-nucleotide polymorphisms from a genomewide association study of Alzheimer disease.

Objective: To identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with risk and age at onset of Alzheimer disease (AD) in a genomewide association study of 469 438 SNPs.

Design: Case-control study with replication.

Setting: Memory referral clinics in Canada and the United Kingdom.

Sunscreen use and usefulness in African-Americans.

Sunscreen use in the African-American population is much less than in Caucasians. Its use in African-Americans varies based on factors such as sex, age, skin type, socioeconomic status, occupation, aesthetic issues, and medical conditions. In order to investigate sunscreen usage and awareness among African-Americans, a questionnaire survey was conducted in a primary care office setting located in a beach community of Queens, New York.

A single-nucleotide polymorphism tagging set for human drug metabolism and transport.

Interindividual variability in drug response, ranging from no therapeutic benefit to life-threatening adverse reactions, is influenced by variation in genes that control the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of drugs. We genotyped 904 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 55 such genes in two population samples (European and Japanese) and identified a set of tagging SNPs that represents the common variation in these genes, both known and unknown. Extensive empirical evaluations, including a direct assessment of association with candidate functional SNPs in a new, larger population sample, validated the performance of these tagging SNPs and confirmed their utility for linkage-disequilibrium mapping in pharmacogenetics.

Case-control single-marker and haplotypic association analysis of pedigree data.

Related individuals collected for use in linkage studies may be used in case-control linkage disequilibrium analysis, provided one takes into account correlations between individuals due to identity-by-descent (IBD) sharing. We account for these correlations by calculating a weight for each individual. The weights are used in constructing a composite likelihood, which is maximized iteratively to form likelihood ratio tests for single-marker and haplotypic associations.

Andropause: knowledge and perceptions among the general public and health care professionals.

Background: Andropause, the natural age-related decline in testosterone in men, has been debated in the literature. The nonsexual benefits of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) in male hypogonadism are well documented, but whether health care professionals (HCPs) and members of the general public are aware of these benefits is not known. This study assesses the knowledge and perceptions of andropause and TRT among HCPs and members of the general public.

Computer-assisted densitometric image analysis (CADIA) of previously sealed carious teeth: a pilot study.

Previous studies have shown that occlusal dental caries can be arrested with sealants. Radiographic monitoring must be performed to ensure success. Standardized sequential bitewing radiographs over a 10-year interval of four patients who had sealed composite restorations placed without caries removal were digitized and analyzed using the CADIA algorithm.

Direct PCR sequencing with boronated nucleotides.

A method is described to simultaneously amplify and sequence DNA using a new class of nucleotides containing boron. During the polymerase chain reaction, boron-modified nucleotides, i.e.

How to solve ten great problems for fund raisers.

Ten problems unique to fund raisers are quite easy to solve, according to this author, once they are diagnosed. But the solutions require more than program changes. Attitude plays a paramount role in fund raising success.

Recovery of Angiostrongylus cantonensis from cerebrospinal fluid of a child with eosinophilic meningitis.

Viable Angiostrongylus cantonensis was recovered from the cerebrospinal fluid of a 17-month-old boy with eosinophilic meningitis. Neurological findings were minimal, and the child had an uneventful recovery.